Dukkanin Tsarin Cyanidation na Slime a cikin Haƙar ma'adinan Zinariya

1. Gabatarwa

Cyanidation hanya ce ta ko'ina da ake amfani da ita don hakar gwal a cikin masana'antar hakar ma'adinai. Ya sami farin jini saboda ƙarancin tsadarsa da ƙimar dawo da gwal. Wannan tsari yana ba da damar samar da gwal na yanar gizo, wanda ke rage yawan abubuwan da ke tattare da dogon lokaci na jigilar gwal. A sakamakon haka, yana ba da gudummawar haɓaka haɓakar tattalin arziƙin masana'antu da adana farashi. Duk da haka, da yin amfani da cyanide, A sosai mai guba reagent, tare da dogon tsari kwarara da in mun gwada da jinkirin hakar zinariya gudun, su ne sananne disadvantages na cyanidation tsari. Don ingantacciyar dacewa da nau'ikan zinari daban-daban - ma'adanai masu ɗaukar nauyi, haɓaka dawo da gwal, da rage farashi, tsarin hakar gwal na cyanidation ya ci gaba da haɓaka.

2. Ci gaban Tsarin Cyanidation

A farkon zamanin cyanidation, fasahar sarrafa ma'adinai ba ta da kyau - haɓaka, kuma farashin niƙa mai kyau na ma'adinai yana da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, a wancan lokacin, ba a samar da hanyoyin ci gaba da leaching, dewatering, da tace manyan sikelin tama ba. Sabili da haka, a farkon matakin haɓaka hanyar cyanidation, leaching leaching shine babban tsari. Leaching leaching ya dace kawai don magance ƙaƙƙarfan iri-iri. Yana buƙatar cewa kada a sami yumbu, slime, ko wasu ƙazanta a cikin kayan. Don haka, kafin a zubar, ana bukatar a rarraba ma'adinan da aka niƙa, wanda shine tsarin wankewa, don raba slime. An sanya manyan samfuran siliki a cikin tankunan leaching don maganin cyanidation ta hanyar zubar da ruwa.

Tare da haɓaka kayan aikin hydrometallurgical, kamar ci gaba da haɓakar tankuna masu tayar da hankali, masu tacewa, masu kauri, da sauransu, ban da yin amfani da leaching don yashi tama, samfuran slime na iya zama cyanide a cikin tankuna masu tayar da hankali. Tare da ci gaba da haɓaka fasahar niƙa, maida hankali, da fasahohin tacewa, leaching cyanide ya rikiɗe zuwa hako zinare daga ƙaƙƙarfan ma'adinin gwal. Dukkan ma'adanai ana niƙa su da kyau sannan a zube su a cikin tankuna masu tayar da hankali. Ana kiran wannan hanyar hanyar "all - slime cyanidation". Yana da abũbuwan amfãni daga high dawo da kudi, m zinariya leaching gudun, da kuma gajeren zinariya hakar sake zagayowar, don haka an sauri inganta da kuma amfani.

3. Kirkirar Fasahar Cyanidation da Hanyoyin Leaching na Mataimakansa

A farkon tsarin aikin sinadi na zinariya ta amfani da hanyar cyanidation mai motsawa, an yi amfani da iska mai kumfa don oxidize zinariya. Daga baya, tare da ci gaban kimiyya na hakar gwal da kuma fahimtar mutane game da mahimmancin iskar oxygen a cikin leaching, hanyoyin leaching na taimako kamar oxygen - wadataccen leaching da ruwa - lokaci oxidant - taimakon leaching sun bayyana. Waɗannan sun haɗa da hydrogen peroxide ko potassium permanganate - taimakon leaching, ammonia - cyanide - taimakon leaching, dumama da matsa lamba - taimakon leaching, da gubar nitrate - taimakon leaching.

Oxygen - wadataccen leaching na iya ƙara yawan iskar oxygen a cikin tsarin leaching, wanda ke haɓaka iskar oxygenation na zinari kuma yana haɓaka haɓakar leaching. Hydrogen peroxide da potassium permanganate, a matsayin masu ƙarfi masu ƙarfi, na iya haɓaka oxidation na zinari a cikin tama, ta haka yana haɓaka saurin leaching. Ammoniya - cyanide - taimakon leaching na iya canza yanayin sinadarai na maganin leaching, wanda ke da amfani ga rushewar gwal. Dumama da matsa lamba - leaching taimako zai iya ƙara yawan amsa ta hanyar inganta yanayin zafi da matsa lamba, yayin da gubar nitrate - leaching mai taimako zai iya taka rawa a cikin halayen cyanidation na zinariya.

4. Kalubale da Halayen Gaba

Duk da fa'idodinsa, duk--slime motsa tsarin cyanidation har yanzu yana fuskantar wasu ƙalubale. Yin amfani da cyanide mai guba mai guba yana buƙatar tsauraran matakan tsaro da kula da kare muhalli don hana ɗigon cyanide da gurɓatawa. Yin aiki na dogon lokaci na tsari kuma yana buƙatar yawan adadin kuzari.

A nan gaba, bincike da ci gaba a wannan fanni za su mai da hankali kan haɓaka hanyoyin da za su dace da muhalli da ingantattun hanyoyin hako zinare. Wannan na iya haɗawa da bincika wasu ma'aikatan leaching waɗanda ba na cyanide ba don maye gurbin cyanide, inganta ingantaccen hanyoyin da ake da su don rage yawan kuzari, da ƙara haɓaka kayan aiki da kwararar tsari don haɓaka aikin haɓakar zinare gaba ɗaya. Bugu da ƙari, tare da ci gaba da haɓaka fasahar dijital da fasaha, aikace-aikacen waɗannan fasahohin a cikin tsarin slime mai tayar da hankali na iya kawo sabbin damammaki don inganta ingantaccen samarwa da rage farashin aiki.

A ƙarshe, duk - slime stirring cyanidation tsari ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin masana'antar hakar gwal. Ko da yake yana da wasu lahani, ci gaba da gyare-gyaren fasaha da ingantawa zai taimaka masa ya dace da bukatun ci gaban masana'antu da kuma ba da gudummawa ga ci gaba mai dorewa na masana'antar hakar gwal.