Matsayin Sodium Cyanide da Alkalin Kariya a Tsarin Leaching Cyanidation

Gabatarwa

Cyanidation leaching tsari ne da ake amfani da shi sosai a masana'antar hakar ma'adinai don hako zinari da azurfa daga tama. A cikin wannan tsari, Sodium cyanide da kuma Alkali mai kariya taka muhimmiyar rawa. Fahimtar ayyukan su yana da mahimmanci don inganta tsarin cyanidation, inganta ƙimar dawo da ƙarfe, da rage farashin aiki.

Matsayin Sodium Cyanide

Narkar da Zinariya da Azurfa

sodium cyanide (NaCN) yana aiki azaman wakili na leaching na farko a cikin tsarin cyanidation. Babban aikinsa shine narkar da zinari da azurfa a cikin ma'adanin tama, wanda ke haifar da samuwar ma'auni na cyanide na ƙarfe mai narkewa. A gaban oxygen da ruwa, sodium Cyanide amsa da zinariya da azurfa. Wannan halayen yana jujjuya karafa zuwa mahadi waɗanda zasu iya narkewa cikin sauƙi a cikin maganin ruwa, wanda shine mahimmanci ga Cyanidation leaching tsari.

Yana shafar ƙimar Leaching

Mayar da hankali na sodium cyanide a cikin maganin leaching yana tasiri sosai ga ƙimar leaching na zinariya da azurfa. Yawanci, a cikin kewayon kewayon, haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayar sodium cyanide yana haɓaka ƙimar leaching. Ƙarin ions na cyanide yana nufin ƙarin masu amsawa da ke samuwa don yanayin narkar da, don haka inganta samuwar rukunin cyanide na ƙarfe. Koyaya, yawan adadin sodium cyanide mai yawa yana haifar da ƙarin farashi da haɗarin muhalli. Bugu da ƙari, cyanide da ya wuce kima na iya amsawa tare da sauran abubuwan da ke cikin ma'adinai, kamar wasu sulfide na ƙarfe. Wadannan halayen suna cinye cyanide, rage tasirin sa don narkar da zinariya da azurfa.

Yin Amsa da Wasu Abubuwan da ke cikin Ore

Ore ya ƙunshi nau'o'in ƙazanta da abubuwa daban-daban banda zinariya da azurfa, kuma sodium cyanide na iya hulɗa tare da waɗannan abubuwa, yana shafar tsarin cyanidation. Misali, ma'adinan jan karfe da ke cikin ma'adanin suna amsawa da sodium cyanide don samar da hadadden cyanide na jan karfe, suna cinye cyanide a cikin tsari. Abubuwan da ke tattare da ma'adanai na jan ƙarfe daban-daban sun bambanta a cikin ƙimar da samfurori. Wasu ma'adanai na sulfide na jan karfe, kamar chalcopyrite, suna amsawa tare da cyanide a gaban iskar oxygen, suna samar da cyanide na jan karfe da sulfur - dauke da samfurori. Wannan ba kawai yana rage adadin cyanide da ake samu don narkar da zinare da azurfa ba amma yana iya haifar da abubuwa waɗanda ke tsoma baki tare da matakan dawo da ƙarfe na gaba.

Matsayin Kariya Alkali

Tsayar da Kwanciyar Maganin Cyanide

Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman ayyuka na alkali mai karewa shine kiyaye kwanciyar hankali na maganin cyanide. Cyanide ions a cikin bayani suna da haɗari ga hydrolysis, musamman a cikin yanayin acidic. A lokacin hydrolysis, ions cyanide na iya samar da hydrogen cyanide, mai guba mai guba da iskar gas. Wannan ba wai kawai yana haifar da asarar cyanide ba har ma yana haifar da mummunar barazana ga muhalli da lafiyar ɗan adam. Alkalis masu kariya, irin su calcium hydroxide (lime), sodium hydroxide, ko potassium hydroxide, suna ƙara ƙimar pH na maganin. Ta hanyar haɓaka pH, suna canza ma'auni na sinadarai ta hanyar da za ta rage hydrolysis na cyanide, tabbatar da tasiri na tsarin cyanidation da kuma rage yawan amfani da cyanide saboda hydrolysis.

Rage Tasirin Ma'adanai masu cutarwa

Ore na iya ƙunsar ma'adanai waɗanda ke cutar da tsarin cyanidation, kamar pyrrhotite. Wadannan ma'adanai suna amsawa tare da cyanide da oxygen, suna cinye waɗannan abubuwa masu mahimmanci kuma suna tsoma baki tare da rushewar zinariya da azurfa. Lokacin da aka ƙara alkali mai kariya a lokacin aikin niƙa na tama, yana iya yin oxidize waɗannan ma'adanai masu cutarwa ko sa su haifar da hazo, yadda ya kamata. Alal misali, a gaban lemun tsami, pyrrhotite zai iya zama oxidized, wanda ya haifar da samuwar ƙarfe hydroxide hazo da sulfur - dauke da mahadi. Wannan tsari yana rage mummunan tasiri na ma'adanai masu cutarwa akan cyanidation, yana haɓaka haɓakar leaching na zinari da azurfa.

Daidaita ƙimar pH na ɓangaren litattafan almara

Ƙimar pH na ɓangaren litattafan almara yayin aikin cyanidation shine ma'auni mai mahimmanci, kuma ana amfani da alkali mai kariya don daidaita shi zuwa mafi kyawun kewayo. Ga mafi yawan matakan cyanidation, pH tsakanin 9 zuwa 12 shine gabaɗaya manufa. A cikin wannan kewayon, maganin cyanide ya kasance karko, kuma rushewar zinari da azurfa yana ci gaba da tafiya lafiya. Idan pH ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, cyanide hydrolysis ya zama mahimmanci, yana rage yawan leaching na zinariya da azurfa. Sabanin haka, pH wanda ya yi tsayi da yawa zai iya yin mummunan tasiri ga abubuwan da ke cikin ma'adinan ma'adinai da halayen halayen gwal da narkar da azurfa. Ana iya zaɓar nau'ikan alkalis masu kariya daban-daban dangane da takamaiman halaye na ma'adinai. Ana yawan amfani da lemun tsami saboda ƙarancin farashi da kyakkyawan aiki a mafi yawan al'amura. Lokacin amfani da lemun tsami azaman alkali mai karewa, ana ƙara shi sau da yawa a cikin nau'in madarar lemun tsami don mafi kyawun sarrafa adadin ƙari da tsarin amsawa.

Mu'amala tsakanin Sodium Cyanide da Kariya Alkali

Ayyukan sodium cyanide da alkali masu kariya suna da alaƙa da juna a cikin tsarin leaching na cyanidation. Alkali mai kariya yana tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na sodium cyanide bayani, yana ba shi damar narkar da zinariya da azurfa yadda ya kamata. A lokaci guda, kasancewar sodium cyanide a cikin maganin yana rinjayar tasirin alkali mai karewa. Samfuran amsawar sodium cyanide tare da sauran abubuwan ƙarfe na iya canza pH na maganin, kuma alkali mai karewa dole ne ya ci gaba da daidaita pH don kula da mafi kyawun yanayin cyanidation. Matsayin da ya dace na sodium cyanide da alkali mai karewa yana da mahimmanci. Alkali mai karewa mai yawa zai iya haifar da babban alkalinity, yana haifar da mummunan tasirin cyanidation. Rashin isassun alkali na kariya, a daya bangaren, ya kasa bada garantin kwanciyar hankali na maganin cyanide, wanda ke haifar da karuwar amfani da cyanide da rage yawan leaching. Sabili da haka, a cikin ainihin ayyukan aiwatar da cyanidation, ya zama dole a hankali sarrafa nau'ikan sodium cyanide da alkali mai karewa bisa ga halayen ma'adinai da buƙatun tsari don cimma sakamako mafi kyau na leaching.

Kammalawa

A cikin tsarin leaching na cyanidation, sodium cyanide da alkali mai karewa duka biyu ne masu mahimmanci. Sodium cyanide ne ke da alhakin narkar da zinariya da azurfa, yayin da alkali mai kariya yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye zaman lafiyar cyanide, rage tasirin ma'adanai masu cutarwa, da daidaita darajar pH na ɓangaren litattafan almara. Amfani mai kyau da ma'auni na waɗannan abubuwa guda biyu suna da mahimmanci don inganta tsarin cyanidation, inganta yawan dawo da zinariya da azurfa, da rage farashin samarwa. Masu aikin hakar ma'adinai suna buƙatar yin nazari a hankali game da halayen ma'adinai kuma su gudanar da gwaje-gwaje masu dacewa don ƙayyade mafi kyawun allurai da yanayin aiki na sodium cyanide da alkali mai karewa don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki mai dorewa na tsarin leaching na cyanidation.