Ƙaddamar da Ƙarfin Kayan Ma'adinai na Ma'adinai: Ƙarfafa Ƙwarewa da Dorewa

Gabatarwa ga Sinadaran sarrafa Ma'adinai

Sinadarai masu sarrafa ma'adinai suna nufin ƙwararrun sinadarai da ake amfani da su yayin tattarawa da dawo da ma'adanai daga ma'adanai. Suna da mahimmanci don ayyuka kamar flotation, leaching, da dewatering waɗanda ke raba ma'adanai masu niyya daga kayan gangue. Nau'o'in da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da masu tarawa, masu kututtuka, masu rage damuwa, masu tarwatsawa, acid, tushe, da abubuwan kaushi - kowanne an keɓe shi don takamaiman ayyuka na rabuwa.

Matsayin Sinadarai a Tsarin Ma'adinai

Magungunan taimako sarrafa ma'adinai ta hanyoyi masu mahimmanci. Masu tarawa suna zaɓan haɗe zuwa saman ma'adinan da ake so don yin iyo, yayin da masu damuwa suna hana hawan gangue. Frothers suna haifar da tsayayyen kumfa don ɗaukar ma'adanai masu iyo. Leaching sunadarai suna fitar da ma'adanai masu mahimmanci ta hanyar solubilization. Dispersants hana barbashi agglomeration ga tasiri rabuwa. Tare, sinadarai suna haɓaka dawo da ma'aunin ma'adinai masu inganci a cikin ingantacciyar hanya.

Nau'ukan Sinadaran sarrafa Ma'adinai na gama-gari

Masu tarawa sune mafi yawan sinadarai da ake amfani da su, zaɓaɓɓen ma'adinan sulfide ko oxide da ake so. Masu tarawa gama gari don sulfide sun haɗa da xanthates da dithiophosphates, yayin da fatty acid da amines ke tattara oxides. Frothers kamar Pine man da MIBC samar da barga kumfa a cikin flotation Kwayoyin. Masu ciwon kai kamar cyanide hana gangue iyo. Masu watsawa suna kula da ɓarke ​​​​barbashi. Acids da tushe sune mabuɗin don tafiyar da leaching. Abubuwan narkewa suna fitar da ma'adanai masu mahimmanci ta hanyar narkewa.

Tasirin Muhalli da Dorewa

Duk da yake masu amfani don sarrafawa, wasu sinadarai na iya yin tasiri ga muhalli idan ba a sarrafa su yadda ya kamata ba. Kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai suna ba da fifikon ayyuka masu ɗorewa kamar sake yin amfani da ruwa mai sarrafa ruwa, kawar da magudanar ruwa, da rage yawan amfani da sinadarai. Hakanan ana ci gaba da haɓaka sabbin sinadarai masu dacewa da muhalli. Sabbin sabbin abubuwa masu dorewa suna taimakawa rage sawun muhalli yayin fitar da ma'adanai masu mahimmanci.

Sabuntawa da Yanayin Gaba

Bincike ya ci gaba da haɓaka mafi inganci da sinadarai masu dacewa da muhalli. Masu tara kwayoyin halitta suna samun karbuwa. Hanyoyin Halittar Halittu da Ƙididdigar ƙira sun ƙirƙira keɓaɓɓun sinadarai don takamaiman yanayin ma'adinai. Ci gaba a cikin sarrafa tsari na lokaci-lokaci da alluran rigakafi na atomatik shima yana haɓaka inganci. A sa ido a gaba, sinadarai masu sarrafa ma'adinai za su kasance masu mahimmanci don ingantawa yayin da ma'adinan ma'adinai ya dace da kalubalen nan gaba.

Nazarin Harka da Aikace-aikacen Duniya na Gaskiya

A Doe Run Peru Tuki shuka, sabbin masu rarrabawa sun karu da kashi 15% yayin da rage yawan amfani da reagent. A wurin hakar ma'adinan jan ƙarfe na Escondida, ƙwararrun masu damuwa sun haɓaka farfadowar jan karfe 2-3% ta hanyar zaɓin hana hawan gangu. A wurin hakar ma'adinin Uranium-Copper-Gold na Dam na Olympics, ja da baya da wutsiya ta amfani da sinadarai na ci gaba da fitar da ƙarin darajar daga magudanan ruwa. Waɗannan misalan suna nuna hanyoyin magance sinadarai waɗanda ke haɓaka dawo da ma'adinai da dorewa.

Kammalawa

A ƙarshe, sinadarai masu sarrafa ma'adinan suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen 'yantar da ma'adanai masu mahimmanci daga duwatsun da aka yi garkuwa da su cikin ingantacciyar hanya, mai riba. Tare da ci gaba da haɓakawa da kuma mai da hankali kan mafi kyawun ayyuka masu dorewa, waɗannan ƙwararrun reagents za su kasance masu mahimmanci don haɓaka hanyoyin haɓakawa da magance buƙatun albarkatun gaba. Ƙarin bincike na ci-gaba da fasahohin sinadarai yana tsayawa don amfana da haɓakar masana'antu da aikin muhalli.