Leaching da Ma'adinan Zinare na Rasha da Matsalolin Sarrafa

Mayskoye Gold Min

Ma'adinin zinare na Mayskoye, dake cikin yankin Chukotka na kasar Rasha, wani muhimmin wuri ne mai dauke da zinari mai sarkakiya. Jikin ma'adinai yanki ne mai rikitarwa mai ma'adinan breccia. Ya ƙunshi jijiya quartz waɗanda ke tsaka-tsaki tsakanin duwatsun da aka canza. Waɗannan jijiyoyi na quartz sune manyan rundunonin zinare, kuma samuwarsu yana da alaƙa da haɗaɗɗun ayyukan tectonic da hydrothermal a yankin.

Akwai manyan nau'ikan tama guda biyu: da firamare mai, wanda yake da girma refractory. Wannan dabi'a mai jujjuyawar ta samo asali ne saboda tarar - yaduwan gwal a cikin ma'adinan sulfide, kamar pyrite da arsenopyrite. Waɗannan ma'adanai suna ɓoye ɓoyayyun gwal, suna sa ya zama da wahala a cire gwal ta amfani da hanyoyin al'ada. The oxidized tama, a daya bangaren, yafi hada da quartz mica. Tare da quartz mica, akwai ƙananan adadin feldspar, kaolin, da sulfides. Tsarin oxidation ya canza ma'adinan ma'adinai na ma'adinai, wanda hakan ya shafi zinari - tsarin cirewa.

Don sarrafa tama mai oxidized, ana tura shi zuwa shukar CIL (Carbon - in - Leach). Lokacin da aka fara fara sarrafa samfuran ma'adinin tama a cikin masana'antar CIL, adadin dawo da gwal ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa. An danganta wannan da farko ga tasirin "preg - roasting" na kwayoyin halitta da ke cikin ma'adinai. Halin kwayoyin halitta yana da alaƙa mai ƙarfi ga rukunin cyanide na zinari, yadda ya kamata "sata" zinare daga maganin leaching. Don magance wannan batu, an aiwatar da matakai biyu. Na farko, iyo an gudanar da abubuwa masu dauke da carbon. A cikin wannan tsari na tuƙi, an zaɓi masu tarawa da frothers a hankali kuma an daidaita su don zaɓar abubuwan da ke ɗauke da carbon daga sauran ma'adinan. Bayan da aka yi iyo, sai aka sanya wutsiyoyi masu iyo a cikin leaching. Wannan tsarin ya rage al'amarin "preg-roasting" sau uku. Sakamakon haka, adadin dawo da gwal ya inganta sosai, ya kai matakan da suka sa tsarin hakar ya kasance mai tasiri a cikin tattalin arziki.

Dangane da ma'adanin farko, kusan kashi 90% na zinaren ana samun su ta hanyar iyo. Tsarin flotation ya haɗa da amfani da reagents daban-daban, gami da masu tarawa, frothers, da masu gyarawa. Wadannan reagents an inganta su a hankali don kaiwa ma'adinan sulfide da ke karbar bakuncin zinare. Abubuwan da aka samu na sulfide, mai arzikin zinare da ma'adinan sulfide, ana jigilar su ta nisa mai nisa zuwa wata shuka a yankin Amur. A wannan shuka, an tattara abubuwan da ke tattare da iskar oxygen, wanda shine muhimmin mataki don rushe ma'adinan sulfide da sakin zinare da aka rufe. Bayan oxidation. cyanide tank leaching ake aiwatarwa. Maganin cyanide yana amsawa tare da zinare, yana samar da zinare mai narkewa - gine-ginen cyanide wanda za'a iya kara sarrafa su don dawo da zinariyar.

Zinariya Ma'adinan Sharar Gida

A cikin zinare na Rasha - kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai, tarin sharar gida shine tushen mahimmancin dawo da zinare na biyu. Wadannan tarin sharar gida ne na kayan aikin hakar ma'adinai da sarrafa su a baya. Suna ƙunshe da adadi mai yawa na zinari, waɗanda ba a kwato su gabaɗaya ba yayin da aka fara fitar da su. Zinare da ke cikin tarin sharar galibi yana samuwa ta nau'i-nau'i daban-daban, ciki har da lallausan barbashi na gwal, zinare - ma'adanai masu ɗauke da kaya, da zinariyar da aka yi wa saman sauran ma'adanai.

Bincike ya nuna cewa yawan leaching na zinariya daga wadannan sharar gida ta hanyar percolation cyanidation iya isa 75% -82%. Percolation cyanidation wani tsari ne inda ake fesa maganin cyanide na diluted ko kuma a zube shi a kan tulin sharar. Maganin cyanide ya ratsa ta cikin tarin sharar gida, yana amsawa tare da zinare kuma yana samar da zinari mai narkewa - cyanide complexes. Ana tattara waɗannan rukunin gidaje a kasan tulin sharar don ƙarin sarrafawa.

Koyaya, saboda ƙarancin ƙarancin tsarin ma'adinai a cikin tarin sharar gida, akwai ƙalubale da yawa. Ƙananan ma'adanai masu kyau suna haifar da jinkirin jinkirin maganin aiki. Wannan yana nufin cewa maganin cyanide yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don kutsawa ta cikin tarin sharar gida, yana rage yawan ingantaccen aikin leaching. Bugu da ƙari, hana lalacewa a tsaye na tarin sharar babban abin damuwa ne. Nauyin tsibin sharar da halayen sinadarai a lokacin leaching na iya haifar da rugujewar sharar ko kuma ta zama mara ƙarfi. Don magance waɗannan batutuwa, wasu nazarin sun ba da shawarar ƙwanƙwasa tsibin sharar gida. Hanya ɗaya ita ce zafi - iska kafin bushewa, inda ake bushe tudun sharar ta hanyar amfani da iska mai zafi don inganta yanayinsa. Wata hanyar kuma ita ce hada tulin sharar da tama a wani kaso. Wannan cakuda zai iya inganta tsarin tarin sharar gida, yana sa shi ya fi dacewa don ƙaddamar da maganin leaching da kuma inganta kwanciyar hankali na sharar gida.

Shaanxi United Chemical: Abokin Hulɗar ku

Wannan kamfani yana bayarwa sodium cyanide tare da duka low - farashin da high - quality. Sodium cyanide shine mabuɗin reagent a cikin aikin leaching na zinari. Farashin - ingantaccen sodium cyanide wanda Shaanxi ya bayar United Chemical yana taimakawa ma'adinan don rage farashin samarwa yayin da yake tabbatar da sakamako mai inganci. Bugu da ƙari, kamfanin ba ya tsaya a samar da samfur kawai. Yana ba da cikakken goyon bayan fasaha ga ma'adinan. Wannan ya haɗa da shawarwarin ƙwararru akan mafi kyawun sashi na sodium cyanide bisa ga halaye daban-daban na ma'adinai, jagora akan amintaccen ajiya da sarrafa sodium cyanide, da taimako wajen kafa ingantaccen tsarin leaching.