Tasirin Sodium Cyanide akan Kasa da Muhalli

Gabatarwa

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) wani sinadari ne mai guba wanda ba shi da sinadarai, wanda ake amfani da shi sosai a fannoni daban-daban na masana'antu, kamar hakar zinare, samar da wutar lantarki, da kuma hada sinadarai. Saboda yawan amfani da shi, akwai babban haɗarin shiga muhalli , inda zai iya haifar da mummunar illa ga ingancin ƙasa da daidaiton muhalli. Wannan labarin yana da nufin bincika tasirin Sodium Cyanide akan ƙasa da kuma muhallin da ke faɗaɗa.

Abubuwan da ke cikin sodium Cyanide

Sodium cyanide fari ne mai kauri mai kama da lu'ulu'u mai ɗanɗanon almond. Yana narkewa sosai a cikin ruwa, yana samar da maganin alkaline mai ƙarfi. Wannan narkewar yana ba shi damar yaɗuwa cikin sauƙi a cikin muhalli, musamman a cikin tsarin ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, Sodium cyanide wakili ne mai ƙarfi na rage kiba kuma yana amsawa cikin sauƙi tare da abubuwa da yawa, gami da acid, ƙarfe, da sinadarai masu lalata iska. Waɗannan kaddarorin sinadarai suna ba da gudummawa ga yuwuwar cutar da muhalli.

Hanyoyi na Sodium Cyanide Shiga Muhalli

Fitar da masana'antu

A cikin masana'antu kamar hakar gwal, ana amfani da sodium cyanide don fitar da zinariya daga ma'adinai. Yin amfani da sikeli mai girma na wannan sinadari na iya haifar da fitar da ruwa mai mahimmanci a cikin muhalli. Misali, wutsiya daga ma'adinan zinare sukan ƙunshi ragowar sodium cyanide, wanda za'a iya saki a cikin ruwa da ƙasa kusa idan ba a sarrafa su yadda ya kamata ba. Hakazalika, a cikin masana'antar lantarki, ana iya fitar da ruwan datti mai ɗauke da sodium cyanide ba tare da isasshen magani ba, wanda ke haifar da barazana ga muhallin da ke kewaye.

Zubewar Hatsari

Hatsari a lokacin sufuri ko ajiyar sodium cyanide na iya haifar da zube mai girma. Wadannan zubewar na iya gurɓata ƙasa, ruwan saman, da ruwan ƙasa. Misali, idan tankar da ke dauke da ruwa sodium cyanide ta kife, sinadarin na iya shiga cikin kasa da sauri, wanda ya shafi sinadarai na kasa da halittu. A wasu lokuta kuma zubar da ruwa na iya haifar da samuwar iskar hydrogen cyanide, wanda zai iya tarwatse a cikin iska, wanda ke haifar da illa ga mutane da muhalli.

Tasiri akan Kasa

Canje-canjen sinadarai a cikin ƙasa

Lokacin da sodium cyanide ya shiga cikin ƙasa, zai iya jurewa hydrolysis, sakin ions cyanide (CN⁻). Wadannan ions cyanide zasu iya amsawa tare da sassa daban-daban na ƙasa. Misali, za su iya samar da hadaddiyar giyar da ions karfe a cikin kasa, irin su iron, jan karfe, da zinc. Wannan na iya canza samuwar waɗannan mahimman karafa don tsire-tsire, yana rushe tsarin ci gaban shuka na yau da kullun. Bugu da ƙari, kasancewar cyanide zai iya canza pH na ƙasa. Kamar yadda sodium cyanide tushe ne mai ƙarfi, zai iya ƙara yawan alkalinity na ƙasa, wanda bazai dace da yawancin nau'in tsire-tsire waɗanda suka fi son yanayin ƙasa mai tsaka tsaki ko acidic ba.

Tasiri akan Karan Karan Kasa

Ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙasa suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kiyaye haifuwar ƙasa da hawan keke na gina jiki. Duk da haka, sodium cyanide yana da guba sosai ga waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Ko da a ƙananan ƙira, cyanide na iya hana haɓakawa da ayyukan ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi, da sauran ƙasa - ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Alal misali, yana iya rushe nitrogen - ikon daidaita wasu kwayoyin cuta, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga tsire-tsire don samun nitrogen, mai mahimmanci na gina jiki. Wannan na iya haifar da raguwar amfanin ƙasa a kan lokaci da raguwar yawan amfanin ƙasa gaba ɗaya.

Tasiri kan Girman Shuka

Tsire-tsire da ke girma a cikin ƙasa mai gurɓataccen sodium cyanide suna fuskantar ƙalubale da yawa. Samun cyanide ta tushen tsire-tsire na iya tsoma baki tare da hanyoyin numfashi. Cyanide yana ɗaure zuwa cytochrome oxidase, wani enzyme da ke cikin numfashi ta salula, yana toshe sarkar jigilar lantarki da hana samar da ATP, kudin makamashi na tantanin halitta. A sakamakon haka, tsire-tsire na iya samun raguwar girma, launin rawaya na ganye (chlorosis), kuma a lokuta masu tsanani, mutuwa. Bugu da ƙari, canjin sinadarai na ƙasa da rage ayyukan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta saboda gurɓataccen sodium cyanide yana ƙara tsananta mummunan tasiri ga ci gaban shuka.

Tasiri kan Muhalli

Gurbatar Ruwa

Sodium cyanide a cikin muhalli yana iya samun hanyar shiga cikin ruwa cikin sauƙi. Da zarar ya shiga cikin ruwa, yakan rabu zuwa ions cyanide, wadanda suke da matukar guba ga kwayoyin halittun ruwa. Ko da a cikin ƙananan ƙididdiga (a cikin kewayon micrograms a kowace lita), cyanide na iya zama kisa ga kifaye, invertebrates, da sauran rayuwar ruwa. Yana iya rushe tsarin numfashi na waɗannan kwayoyin halitta, wanda zai haifar da shaƙewa. Haka kuma, kasancewar cyanide a cikin ruwa kuma na iya shafar ingancin hanyoyin ruwan sha. Idan ana amfani da gurɓataccen ruwa na cyanide don cin abinci na ɗan adam, yana iya haifar da matsalolin lafiya mai tsanani, gami da damuwa na numfashi, juwa, kuma a cikin matsanancin hali, mutuwa.

Hawan iska

Ko da yake ba kowa ba ne, sodium cyanide zai iya taimakawa wajen gurɓatar iska. A gaban acid ko ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi na muhalli, sodium cyanide zai iya amsawa don samar da iskar hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Hydrogen cyanide iskar gas ce mai saurin gaske kuma mai guba. Ana iya sake shi cikin iska yayin tafiyar matakai na masana'antu, zubewar bazata, ko lokacin da cyanide - gurɓataccen ƙasa ko ruwa ya fallasa ga abubuwan acidic. Da zarar a cikin iska, mutane da dabbobi za su iya shakar hydrogen cyanide, wanda zai haifar da lahani ga tsarin numfashi, idanu, da sauran gabobin.

Rashin daidaituwar muhalli

Yaɗuwar gurɓatar ƙasa da ruwa ta sodium cyanide na iya haifar da rashin daidaituwar yanayin muhalli. Mutuwar kwayoyin halittun ruwa da raguwar ci gaban shukar da ake samu a cikin kasa na iya wargaza duk sarkar abinci. Misali, idan yawan kifaye ya ragu saboda gurbataccen ruwa na cyanide, wannan na iya yin illa ga mafarauta da ke dogaro da kifi don abinci. Bugu da ƙari, asarar murfin shuka a cikin ƙasa - gurɓataccen yanki na iya haifar da ƙara yawan zaizayar ƙasa, ƙara lalata muhalli.

Magani da Rigakafin Gurbacewar Sodium Cyanide

Maganin Gurbatacciyar ƙasa da Ruwa

Akwai hanyoyi da dama don magance ƙasa da ruwa da aka gurbata da sodium cyanide. A cikin maganin ruwa, ana amfani da hanyoyin hada sinadarai. Misali, ƙara chlorine ko hydrogen peroxide a cikin cyanide - ruwan da ya gurɓata zai iya lalata ions na cyanide zuwa siffofin da ba su da guba, kamar cyanate (CNO⁻) ko Carbon dioxide da iskar nitrogen. A cikin maganin ƙasa, maganin bioremediation na iya zama hanya mai tasiri. Wasu ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar wasu ƙwayoyin cuta da fungi, suna da ikon raba cyanide zuwa abubuwa marasa cutarwa. Ta hanyar shigar da waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta cikin ƙasa mai gurɓata, matakan cyanide za a iya rage su akan lokaci.

Rigakafin Gurbacewar Sodium Cyanide

Don hana gurɓacewar sodium cyanide, masana'antu dole ne su aiwatar da tsauraran matakan tsaro da ayyukan kula da muhalli. A cikin masana'antar hakar ma'adinai, alal misali, kiyayewa da kyau da kuma kula da wutsiya suna da mahimmanci. Wannan ya haɗa da yin amfani da tafkunan wutsiya masu layi don hana yaɗuwar cyanide - mai ɗauke da wutsiya cikin muhallin da ke kewaye. Bugu da kari, ya kamata masana'antu su saka hannun jari a madadin fasahohin da ke rage ko kawar da amfani da sinadarin sodium cyanide. Misali, wasu ayyukan hakar ma'adinai suna binciko amfani da hanyoyin da ba na cyanide ba don hakar gwal, kamar leaching na thiosulfate, wanda ba shi da illa ga muhalli.

Kammalawa

Sodium cyanide yana haifar da babbar barazana ga ingancin ƙasa da kuma yanayin gabaɗaya saboda yawan guba da sake kunnawa. Sinadarin na iya haifar da babbar illa ga sinadarai na ƙasa, ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙasa, da haɓakar shuka, da kuma gurɓata ruwa da iska, wanda ke haifar da rashin daidaituwar muhalli. Duk da haka, ta hanyar ingantaccen magani na gurɓataccen kafofin watsa labaru da aiwatar da matakan rigakafi a cikin masana'antu, za a iya rage mummunan tasirin sodium cyanide a kan muhalli. Yana da mahimmanci ga masana'antu, gwamnatoci, da al'umma gaba ɗaya su gane mahimmancin sarrafa amfani da sodium cyanide da gurɓatawa don kiyaye muhalli da lafiyar ɗan adam.