Shin kun san yadda ake amfani da sodium cyanide?

Sodium cyanide , tare da dabarar sinadarai ta NaCN, wani sinadari ne da ya jawo hankali sosai saboda yawan gubarsa. Duk da haka, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a masana'antu daban-daban. Wannan labarin ya yi bayani game da amfani da Sodium cyanide a fannoni daban-daban.

1. Masana'antu

Hakar Zinariya da Azurfa

Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun aikace-aikacen Sodium Cyanide shine cire zinare da azurfa daga ma'adinan su. Wannan tsari, wanda aka sani da cyanidation, ya dogara ne akan ikon ions na cyanide don samar da hadaddun abubuwa masu ƙarfi tare da zinare da azurfa. A gaban iskar oxygen da ruwa, ƙarfen zinare yana shan iskar shaka kuma yana narkewa a cikin maganin cyanide, wanda ke haifar da samuwar hadadden zinare da cyanide. Wannan hanyar tana da inganci sosai kuma ta kasance mizani ga haƙar zinare da azurfa tsawon shekaru da yawa. Yana ba da damar dawo da karafa masu daraja daga ma'adanai masu ƙarancin daraja, waɗanda ƙila ba za su iya sarrafawa ta hanyar amfani da wasu hanyoyi ba. Misali, a manyan ma'adinan zinare a duniya, ana amfani da sodium cyanide mai yawa don cire zinare. A wasu ma'adinan Afirka da Kudancin Amurka, ana ba da dubban tan na ma'adinai da maganin cyanide kowace rana don samun ƙananan adadin zinare.

Sauran Karfe Processing

Ana kuma amfani da sinadarin sodium cyanide wajen rabawa da tsarkake wasu karafa kamar jan ƙarfe, zinc, da nickel. A lokacin waɗannan hanyoyin, cyanide na iya ɗaurewa da wasu karafa, wanda hakan ke ba da damar rabuwarsu da ƙazanta ko wasu karafa a cikin ma'adinan. Misali, a masana'antar jan ƙarfe - ma'adinai , ana iya amfani da cyanide don raba jan ƙarfe da sauran karafa masu alaƙa a cikin jikin ma'adinan. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar daidaita pH da yawan sinadarin cyanide don kai hari ga takamaiman ƙwayoyin ƙarfe - cyanide.

2. Yin lantarki

A cikin masana'antar Electroplating , sodium cyanide muhimmin abu ne a cikin baho na plating. Yana sauƙaƙa shigar da ƙarfe kamar jan ƙarfe, azurfa, cadmium, da zinc a kan abubuwa daban-daban. ions na Cyanide a cikin maganin plating suna aiki azaman abubuwan haɗaka. Suna samar da hadaddun abubuwa tare da ions na ƙarfe, wanda ke taimakawa wajen sarrafa yawan ajiyar ƙarfe. Sakamakon haka, ana samun rufin ƙarfe mai kama da juna da mannewa a saman abin da aka shafa. Misali, a cikin samar da kayan ado masu inganci, electroplating da azurfa ko zinariya sau da yawa yana buƙatar amfani da mafita na plating bisa cyanide. Kasancewar sodium cyanide yana tabbatar da cewa an ajiye ƙarfe mai daraja daidai gwargwado, yana ba kayan ado kyakkyawan ƙarewa mai santsi da sheƙi. A cikin masana'antar kera motoci, sassa kamar bumpers da kayan ado galibi ana amfani da electroplated ta amfani da cyanide - wanda ke ɗauke da mafita don inganta bayyanar su da juriya ga tsatsa.

3. Sinthesis

Samar da Haɗin Halitta

Sodium cyanide ne mai muhimmanci reagent a cikin kwayoyin kira. Ana iya amfani da shi don gabatar da ƙungiyar cyano (-CN) cikin kwayoyin halitta. Wannan mataki ne mai mahimmanci a cikin haɓakar mahaɗan ƙwayoyin halitta da yawa, gami da nitriles, waɗanda tubalan gini iri-iri ne a cikin sinadarai na halitta. Alal misali, a cikin samar da acrylonitrile, wanda ake amfani da shi don yin fibers na roba kamar acrylic da modacrylic, ana iya amfani da sodium cyanide a cikin ɗayan matakan amsawa. Halin da ke tsakanin halide na halitta mai dacewa da sodium cyanide yana haifar da samuwar nitrile ta hanyar maye gurbin nucleophilic.

Ƙirar Magunguna da Agrochemicals

A cikin masana'antar harhada magunguna, ana amfani da sodium cyanide a cikin hada magunguna da yawa. Misali, yana shiga cikin samar da wasu magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta, bitamin, da magungunan kashe kumburi. A cikin kira na bitamin B12. Ana amfani da cyanide a cikin shirye-shiryen maɓalli na tsakiya masu mahimmanci. A cikin filin agrochemical, ana amfani da sodium cyanide don kera magungunan kashe qwari da ciyawa. Wasu magungunan kashe kwari da fungicides sun ƙunshi sifofi waɗanda aka samo su daga halayen da suka shafi sodium cyanide. Wadannan sinadarai suna taimakawa wajen kare amfanin gona daga kwari da cututtuka, don haka kara yawan amfanin gona.

4. Sauran Aikace-aikace

Sarrafa rodent

Saboda matsananciyar guba, an yi amfani da sodium cyanide a matsayin rodenticide. Ana iya amfani da shi don sarrafa yawan beraye, beraye, da sauran rodents. Koyaya, amfani da shi a cikin wannan mahallin yana da ƙayyadaddun tsari sosai saboda yuwuwar haɗarin da zai iya haifarwa ga nau'ikan da ba manufa ba da muhalli. A wasu wuraren da ciwon rowan ke da muni kuma wasu hanyoyin sarrafa ba su da tasiri, ana iya amfani da bats na tushen sodium cyanide ƙarƙashin kulawa mai tsauri. Rodents suna cinye koto, kuma cyanide ta hanzarta aiwatar da tsarin jijiyarsu, wanda ke haifar da mutuwa.

Tsaftace Karfe da goge goge

Ana iya amfani da sodium cyanide a cikin tsabtace ƙarfe da ayyukan gogewa. Yana taimakawa wajen cire oxides da sauran gurɓataccen ƙasa daga karafa. Game da wasu karafa, cyanide na iya mayar da martani tare da dattin saman, yana samar da gungun masu narkewa waɗanda za a iya wanke su cikin sauƙi. Wannan tsari yana da amfani musamman don shirya filaye na ƙarfe don ƙarin sarrafawa, kamar fenti ko haɗin gwiwa. Misali, a cikin masana'antar sararin samaniya, kafin a yi fenti ko haɗa wasu kayan ƙarfe, ana iya bi da su tare da mafita mai ɗauke da sodium cyanide don tabbatar da tsafta da santsi.

A ƙarshe, sodium cyanide, duk da gubarsa, yana da fa'idodi da yawa a cikin masana'antu daban-daban. Daga hakar karafa masu daraja a cikin hakar ma'adinai zuwa hada magunguna masu mahimmanci, amfani da shi yana da bambanci da mahimmanci. Koyaya, saboda yanayinsa mai haɗari, tsauraran ƙa'idodin aminci da muhalli suna aiki don tabbatar da sarrafa shi yadda yakamata, adanawa, da zubar dashi.