Txhim kho Cyanidation rau Kub Extraction los ntawm Refractory Ores

Hauv kev lag luam kub mining, kev rho tawm ntawm kub los ntawm refractory ores ua rau muaj teeb meem loj. Refractory ores, uas yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm tsis txaus kub rov qab nyob rau hauv ib txwm cyanide leaching tej yam kev mob, tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov peev txheej kub raws li qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov txheej txheem yooj yim ore diminishes. Kub nyob rau hauv xws li ores feem ntau nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo dispersion nyob rau hauv sulfide minerals, feem ntau pyrite thiab arsenopyrite, ua rau nws nyuaj rau nkag mus rau cyanide daws.

Nkag siab txog Kev Sib Tw ntawm Refractory Ores

Kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov ores mus ncaj qha Cyanidation Feem ntau yog vim qhov zoo impregnation ntawm kub nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntom ntom ntawm sulfide minerals. Lub cev encapsulation no tiv thaiv cyanide los ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo nrog kub, ua rau cov nqi rov qab qis. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau ua los txhim kho cov extraction ntawm kub los ntawm cov refractory ores.

Pretreatment Technologies rau Refractory Ores

Oxidative Roasting

Oxidative roasting tau yog ib txoj hauv kev los ua cov sulfide kub - muaj cov concentrates. Thaum lub sij hawm tus txheej txheem no, kub - bearing sulfides yog oxidized rau hauv ib tug ntxeem tau ntawm oxides, uas tso cai rau nkag tau zoo dua ntawm cyanide daws. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev no muaj ob peb qhov tsis zoo. Nws inevitably ua rau ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug los ntawm gaseous emissions ntawm arsenic thiab sulfur. Qhov yuav tsum tau pov tseg cov tshuaj lom arsenic trioxide kuj yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim cov khoom sib xyaw uas tsis tshua muaj melting thiab tshem tawm cov kub rau hauv arsenic sublimates thaum lub sij hawm roasting yuav txo tau tag nrho. Kub rho tawm efficiency. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib co tsoos roasting - raws li kev khiav hauj lwm, tus nqi rho tawm kub los ntawm refractory ores tsuas yog nce los ntawm ib ncig ntawm 46.6% (ncaj cyanidation ntawm thawj flotation concentrate) mus txog 85% tom qab roasting.

Cov kab mob Oxidation (Biox)

Cov kab mob oxidation yog lwm txoj hauv kev zoo rau ib puag ncig. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, qee cov kab mob tau siv los oxidize cov zaub mov sulfide, rhuav tshem cov matrix uas encapsulates kub. Qhov no ua rau cov kub nkag mus rau cyanide. Qhov zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no suav nrog qhov tsis muaj tshuaj lom gaseous emissions. Arsenic raug tshem tawm ntawm cov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tsawg - tshuaj lom arsenate ntawm hlau. Cov kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam tau pom tias kev siv Biox thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem ua rau kom cov nyiaj rho tawm ntawm kub mus rau 91.74% los ntawm refractory flotation concentrates, uas yog ib qho kev txhim kho tseem ceeb piv rau cov cyanidation ncaj qha.

Autoclave Oxidation (Pox)

Autoclave oxidation cuam tshuam nrog cov ore mloog zoo rau qhov kub thiab txias thiab siab siab nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm oxygen. Cov txheej txheem no zoo oxidizes sulfide minerals. Ua ntej autoclave oxidative leaching ntawm flotation mloog zoo yuav muab ib tug ruaj khov siab rov qab ntawm kub nrog cyanidation tom ntej, feem ntau nyob rau theem ntawm 94.9 - 96.5%. Txoj kev no muaj cov nqi rho tawm siab thiab yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, txhim kho kev lag luam kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev lag luam kub, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntau lawm.

Additives thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv Cyanidation

Cyanide - Txo cov tshuaj ntxiv

Cyanide yog cov reagent feem ntau siv hauv kev rho tawm kub, tab sis nws cov kev siv siab tsis tsuas yog nce nqi xwb tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo loj rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Extractech, ib qho biopolymer additive tau los ntawm algae, tau tsim los daws qhov teeb meem no. Thaum ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem cyanidation, nws tuaj yeem ua raws li super-oxidant. Nws rhuav tshem cov ntawv cog lus siab - oxidation - txo qis - muaj peev xwm (ORP) cov zaub mov hauv refractory ores. Ib qho tshuaj lom neeg tshwm sim nrog cov khoom kub, tawm hauv cov kub kom pom cov tshuaj cyanide. Raws li ib qho ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem cyanidation uas twb muaj lawm, Extractech tuaj yeem txo kev siv cyanide txog li 20 - 30% thaum nce kub yields los ntawm 3 - 5%.

Lwm yam Additives

Lwm cov additives yuav raug siv los txhim kho cov txheej txheem cyanidation. Piv txwv li, qee cov khoom siv ntxiv tuaj yeem ua rau "muaj txiaj ntsig zoo oxygen" cov ntsiab lus hauv cov tawv nqaij, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cyanidation. Lawv tuaj yeem muaj cov haujlwm xws li dispersion, pab kom tawg tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg thiab ua kom muaj kev sib cuag zoo ntawm cyanide thiab kub. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem muaj qhov impurity - tshem tawm kev ua haujlwm, tshem tawm lossis ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm cov impurities hauv cov pulp ntawm kub leaching. Chelating additives tuaj yeem ua rau kom tawg ntawm kub thiab tshem tawm cov impurity ntsiab uas cuam tshuam rau kub leaching.

Txheej txheem Optimization hauv Cyanidation

pH tswj

Cyanide nyob rau hauv lub pulp tau dhau los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydrolysis, tsim HCN, ib feem ntawm cov volatilizes los ntawm cov tshuaj, ua rau cyanide poob thiab ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug. Thaum lub sij hawm cyanide leaching, cov tshuaj yuav tsum muaj ib tug tej yam alkalinity los tiv thaiv decomposition ntawm cyanide. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov alkalinity ntawm cov tshuaj cyanide siab dhau lawm, nws yuav txo qhov kev tawg ntawm kub. Yog li, kev tswj pH meej yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm zoo cyanidation.

Lub Sijhawm Leaching

Raws li lub sij hawm leaching nce, qhov kub leaching tus nqi pib nce. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ib qho taw tes, txuas ntxiv lub sij hawm leaching tsis tau nce tus nqi leaching kub. Yog li, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej lub sijhawm leaching tsim nyog kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig kub zoo yam tsis tas siv cov peev txheej thiab sijhawm.

Cov Khoom Siv Oxygen

Kev siv cov oxidants xws li cov pa ntshiab lossis lwm cov oxides hauv cov txheej txheem leaching tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov chaw leaching. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem oxygen - resin leaching txheej txheem, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov pa tuaj yeem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm leaching ntawm kub thiab nyiaj, ua kom lub leaching ceev, txo lub sij hawm leaching, thiab txo cov kev siv ntawm cyanide thiab lead nitrate.

xaus

Txhim kho cov txheej txheem cyanidation rau kub rho tawm los ntawm refractory ores yuav tsum muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov thev naus laus zis uas tsim nyog, kev siv cov khoom siv tau zoo, thiab cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo. Pretreatment txoj kev zoo li cov kab mob oxidation thiab autoclave oxidation muaj ntau tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua piv rau cov tsoos roasting. Cov additives tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txo qis kev siv cyanide thiab nce kub rov qab. Los ntawm kev ua tib zoo tswj cov txheej txheem tsis xws li pH, leaching lub sij hawm, thiab cov pa oxygen, kev lag luam kub mining tuaj yeem txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom siv refractory, ua rau cov txheej txheem extraction muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.