Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Sodium Cyanide hauv Hlau Electroplating

Introduction

Electroplating yog cov txheej txheem kev lag luam uas siv dav heev uas suav nrog kev tso cov txheej nyias ntawm cov hlau mus rau hauv lub substrate, feem ntau yog siv rau lub hom phiaj xws li kev tiv thaiv corrosion, txhim kho cov tsos, thiab txhim kho cov khoom saum npoo ntawm cov khoom. Sodium cyanide (NaCN), txawm tias nws qhov xwm txheej muaj kuab heev, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau cov txheej txheem electroplating. Kab lus no delves rau hauv cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Sodium cyanide in Hlau electroplating.

Chemical Properties of Sodium Cyanide Revant to Electroplating

Sodium cyanide yog ib qho inorganic compound. Nws yog soluble heev hauv dej, uas yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau nws siv hauv electroplating da dej. Hauv cov kua dej, nws dissociates rau hauv sodium ions (Na +) thiab cyanide ions (CN-). Cov cyanide ions yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv electroplating vim lawv muaj lub siab nyiam tsim cov complexes nrog hlau ions.

Muaj nuj nqi hauv Electroplating Baths

Complexation nrog hlau ions

Ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Sodium Cyanide nyob rau hauv electroplating yog tsim hlau-cyanide complexes nrog cov hlau ions nyob rau hauv lub plating tov. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib tug tooj liab electroplating da dej, sodium cyanide reacts nrog tooj liab ions (los ntawm tooj liab ntsev xws li tooj liab sulfate los yog tooj liab cyanide). Cov cyanide ions koom tes nrog cov tooj liab ions los tsim cov tooj liab-cyanide complexes, xws li Cu(CN)₂⁻ thiab Cu(CN)₃²⁻. Cov complexes muaj qhov sib txawv ruaj khov thiab qhov sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm tooj liab ions rau cyanide ions hauv cov tshuaj. Kev tsim ntawm cov complexes yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias nws cuam tshuam rau tus cwj pwm ntawm cov hlau ions thaum lub sij hawm electroplating txheej txheem.

Txo Anode Polarization

Nyob rau hauv ib tug electroplating cell, lub anode yog lub hauv paus ntawm hlau ions rau deposition mus rau lub cathode (lub substrate yog plated). Anode polarization tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lub anode nto tau npog nrog txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis thaum tus nqi ntawm cov hlau tawg ntawm cov anode tsis txaus los tuav cov khoom siv tas li ntawm cov hlau ions hauv cov tshuaj. Sodium cyanide pab txo qis anode polarization. Cov cyanide ions nyob rau hauv cov kev daws teeb meem nrog cov hlau ntawm lub anode nto, yooj yim rau dissolution ntawm anode hlau. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib tug tooj liab anode, cov cyanide ions react nrog tooj liab atoms los ua soluble tooj liab-cyanide complexes, uas ces nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj. Qhov no ua kom muaj kev sib txuam ntau dua thiab txuas ntxiv ntawm cov hlau ions los ntawm cov anode, ua rau muaj kev ruaj khov thiab ua tau zoo electroplating txheej txheem.

Stabilizing cov tshuaj Electroplating

Sodium cyanide kuj tseem txhawb kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov tshuaj electroplating. Hlau ions hauv kev daws tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob nrog lwm yam khoom hauv chav da dej, xws li impurities lossis dej, los tsim cov dej nag lossis ua rau cov kev xav tsis zoo. Kev tsim ntawm cov hlau-cyanide complexes stabilizes cov hlau ions, tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev koom nrog hauv cov kev xav tsis zoo no. Piv txwv li, cov tooj liab-cyanide complexes tsim nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm sodium cyanide yog ruaj khov tshaj li dawb tooj liab ions, txo qhov zoo li ntawm tooj liab hydroxide nag lossis daus nyob rau hauv ib tug alkaline electroplating da dej.

Txhim kho Cathode Polarization

Ntawm lub cathode, qhov twg cov hlau ions raug txo thiab tso rau hauv lub substrate, polarization kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav cov txheej txheem hlau du thiab ua tiav. Sodium cyanide txhim kho cathode polarization. Cov hlau-cyanide complexes yog qhov loj thiab muaj qee qhov kev them nqi delocalization vim kev sib koom tes nrog cyanide ions. Raws li cov complexes mus rau cathode, cov txheej txheem txo yog tswj tau ntau dua piv rau kev txo cov hlau ions dawb. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev sib txuam ntau dua ntawm cov hlau mus rau qhov chaw cathode. Kev txhim kho cathode polarization ua rau me me siv lead ua kev loj hlob thaum lub sij hawm deposition txheej txheem, ua rau ib tug finer-grained thiab ntau uniform hlau txheej nrog zoo adhesion rau lub substrate.

Cov ntawv thov hauv cov txheej txheem hlau sib txawv

tooj liab plating

Nyob rau hauv tooj liab electroplating, sodium cyanide yog dav siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv daim ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau ib tug high-zoo, adherent tooj liab deposit yuav tsum tau. Cyanide-raws li tooj liab plating da dej muab lub zog pov tseg zoo heev, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv tuaj yeem tso cov txheej txheem tooj liab rau ntawm cov khoom sib xws. Cov tooj liab-cyanide complexes tsim nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm sodium cyanide tso cai rau meej tswj tus nqi ntawm tooj liab deposition, uas ua rau ib tug du thiab ci tooj liab tiav. Qhov no ua rau nws tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov xws li cov hniav plating ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov ntawv luam tawm.

Nyiaj Plating

Sodium cyanide kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov nyiaj electroplating da dej. Zoo ib yam li tooj liab plating, cov cyanide ions tsim ruaj khov nyiaj-cyanide complexes. Cov complexes pab ua kom tiav ib qho ci, du, thiab adherent silver txheej. Silver plating nrog cyanide-raws li da dej feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv rooj tog, cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj, thiab cov hluav taws xob tiv tauj, qhov twg siab conductivity thiab corrosion kuj ntawm nyiaj yog xav tau.

Kub Plating

Kub electroplating feem ntau siv sodium cyanide los tsim cov kub-cyanide complexes. Kev siv cov sodium cyanide hauv kub plating da dej tso cai rau kev tso tawm ntawm ib txheej nyias ntawm kub nrog adhesion zoo heev. Kub plating yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob rau cov khoom xws li cov khoom sib txuas thiab kev sib cuag los txhim kho hluav taws xob conductivity thiab tiv thaiv corrosion. Nws kuj yog siv rau hauv kev lag luam hniav nyiaj hniav kub rau cov hom phiaj zoo nkauj. Lub peev xwm los tswj cov txheej txheem deposition precisely siv sodium cyanide-raws li da dej kom ntseeg tau tias cov txheej kub muaj cov yam ntxwv xav tau, xws li xim, hardness, thiab durability.

Kev Txiav Txim Siab Kev Nyab Xeeb

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias sodium cyanide yog tshuaj lom heev. Kev nqus pa, noj, lossis kev sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij nrog sodium cyanide lossis nws cov kev daws teeb meem tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Nws kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qaub los tsim cov pa roj hydrogen cyanide heev. Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb nruj yuav tsum tau ua raws li thaum tuav sodium cyanide hauv electroplating ua haujlwm. Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau txais kev cob qhia kom zoo txog kev tuav pov hwm cov tshuaj no, suav nrog kev siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej tsim nyog xws li hnab looj tes, tsom iav, thiab kev tiv thaiv ua pa. Electroplating cov chaw yuav tsum muaj cov chaw ua haujlwm uas muaj cua zoo thiab cov phiaj xwm daws teeb meem thaum muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev pov tseg ntawm sodium cyanide-muaj cov pov tseg yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai nruj ib puag ncig los tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm cov dej hauv dej thiab ua rau lub neej nyob hauv dej.

xaus

Sodium cyanide plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem hlau electroplating. Nws lub peev xwm los tsim cov hlau-cyanide complexes, txo cov anode polarization, stabilize cov tshuaj electroplating, thiab txhim khu cathode polarization ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev ua tiav cov txheej txheem hlau zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, vim nws cov tshuaj lom heev, kev nyab xeeb tuav thiab siv sodium cyanide hauv electroplating yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Raws li kev siv thev naus laus zis, kev siv zog kuj tseem raug tsim los tsim lwm txoj hauv kev, tsis muaj tshuaj lom cov txheej txheem rau electroplating, tab sis tam sim no, sodium cyanide tseem yog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv ntau daim ntawv thov electroplating.