Sodium Cyanide: Ib Qhov Tseem Ceeb rau Kev Ua Tau Zoo thiab Tus Nqi Qis Qeb Kub Extraction

Nyob rau hauv lub realm ntawm kub mining, lub extraction ntawm kub los ntawm cov qib qis ores yeej ib txwm yog ib tug nyuaj txoj hauj lwm. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau kev tshwm sim ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab cov txheej txheem, nws tau dhau los ua tau zoo dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Ib txoj hauv kev zoo li no uas tau hloov pauv qhov kev rho tawm ntawm cov kub los ntawm qib qis ore yog siv Sodium cyanide. Kab lus no delves rau hauv yuav ua li cas Sodium Cyanide enables npaum thiab nqi-zoo extraction los ntawm qis-qib kub ores.

Txoj Kev Cai: Cyanidation

cov Cyanidation txoj kev, uas yuav siv sodium cyanide rau Kub rho tawm, muaj keeb kwm ntev. Txij li thaum nws thawj daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv 1887 los extract kub thiab nyiaj, nws tau dav saws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no kub kev lag luam thiab tseem tuav ib tug mainstream txoj hauj lwm. Cov txheej txheem no kuj yooj yim. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm low-grade kub ores, cov txheej txheem dav dav yog ua ntej npaj cov ore. Cov ore feem ntau crushed mus rau qhov tsim nyog loj kom nws cov cheeb tsam saum npoo, uas yooj yim rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog cov cyanide daws. Tom qab ntawd, cov tshuaj cyanide, feem ntau yog sodium cyanide yaj hauv dej, yog qhia. Kub nyob rau hauv cov ore reacts nrog cov cyanide ions nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm oxygen los ua soluble kub cyanide complexes. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem ua kom yooj yim raws li hauv qab no: 4Au + 8NaCN + O₂ + 2H₂O → 4Na[Au(CN)₂] + 4NaOH. Qhov no tso cai rau cov kub kom yaj thiab sib cais los ntawm ore matrix.

Qhov zoo ntawm Kev Siv Sodium Cyanide hauv Qib Qib Kub Extraction

High Performance

Sodium cyanide muaj affinity siab rau kub. Nws tuaj yeem xaiv yaj kub los ntawm cov ore, txawm tias cov ntsiab lus kub tsawg. Qhov kev xaiv no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev vim nws tso cai rau kev rho tawm cov kub los ntawm cov ores qhov twg lwm cov zaub mov tuaj yeem muaj nyob hauv ntau qhov ntau. Piv nrog rau lwm txoj kev rho tawm, cyanidation nrog sodium cyanide tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig kub rov qab. Feem ntau, nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov ore, cov nqi rov qab ntawm 50 - 80% lossis txawm tias siab li 90% tuaj yeem ua tiav. Qhov kev ua haujlwm siab no txhais tau hais tias kub ntau tuaj yeem muab rho tawm los ntawm tib tus nqi ntawm cov ore qib qis, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov peev txheej.

Tus nqi-Ua tau zoo

Ib qho txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv sodium cyanide rau qib qis kub rho tawm yog nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm cyanidation yog ncaj nraim. Nws tsis xav tau cov cuab yeej nyuaj thiab kim heev piv rau qee cov txheej txheem rho tawm. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib tug heap leaching lag luam, uas yog ib tug ntau txoj kev rau ua cov qib qis kub ore siv sodium cyanide, lub ntsiab yuav tsum tau yog ib tug haum leaching ncoo, ib tug txheej txheem rau tshuaj tsuag cov tshuaj cyanide, thiab cov khoom siv rau sau cov tshuaj cev xeeb tub. Qhov yooj yim hauv cov cuab yeej siv thiab txheej txheem no txo ​​ob qho tib si thawj zaug peev peev thiab cov nqi ua haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus nqi qis ntawm sodium cyanide nws tus kheej, thaum piv rau qee qhov tshwj xeeb extraction reagents, ntxiv rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus nqi.

Kev sib tw thiab kev daws teeb meem hauv kev siv Sodium Cyanide

Arsenic cuam tshuam

Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem roasting thiab cyaniding ntawm kub concentrate, arsenic yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav cuam tshuam rau cyanide leaching tus nqi ntawm kub thiab nyiaj. Thaum cov ntsiab lus arsenic nyob rau hauv kub concentrate nce, tus nqi rho tawm ntawm kub thiab nyiaj siv sodium cyanide maj mam txo. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev daws teeb meem tau tsim los daws qhov teeb meem no. Ntxiv 4% mus rau 5% sodium sulfate rau cov qauv ore thaum lub sij hawm ci tuaj yeem ua kom cov cyanide leaching tus nqi ntawm kub thiab nyiaj hauv arsenic-muaj kub concentrate. Qhov kev hloov kho no hauv cov txheej txheem roasting yuav pab txo qis qhov tsis zoo ntawm arsenic thiab tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem cyanidation.

Kev txhawj xeeb txog ib puag ncig thiab kev nyab xeeb

Cyanide yog ib yam khoom txaus ntshai, thiab nws siv thiab thauj mus los muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua siab heev. Cov kua pov tseg Sodium cyanide tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau qib kev ua qias tuaj rau ib puag ncig. Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem ib puag ncig ntsig txog cov kua pov tseg sodium cyanide, kev kho hydrogen peroxide tuaj yeem siv tau. Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem oxidation thiab degradation. Thaum hydrogen peroxide los kov nrog cov kua pov tseg sodium cyanide, sodium bicarboncov pa roj ammonia thiab ammonia raug tsim tawm. Txoj kev no muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev txuag nyiaj hauv kev kho cov khib nyiab cyanide.

Hais txog kev nyab xeeb, cov txheej txheem nruj yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Sodium cyanide yog ib yam tshuaj tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau muaj daim ntawv tso cai ntshuam thiab daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm cov neeg siv kawg ua ntej kev xa khoom tuaj. Thaum lub sij hawm cia thiab siv, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tso ua ke nrog acids, nitrites, nitrates, thiab lwm yam tshuaj, vim hais tias nws mus rau ib tug acidic ib puag ncig yuav txo nws cov khoom zoo thiab siv cov nyhuv. Nws yuav tsum tau muab khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw muaj cua thiab qhuav, nyiam dua nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev khaws khoom tshwj xeeb lossis ob chav kaw tshwj xeeb. Kev kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua, kev saib xyuas, thiab tswj qhov kub thiab av noo ntawm qhov chaw cia yog tsim nyog, nrog rau kev ntsuas qhov cua los yog dehumidification. Lub chaw cia khoom yuav tsum tau nruab nrog lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, cov khoom tiv thaiv tus kheej, thiab cov khoom siv tua hluav taws.

Case Studies ntawm Sodium Cyanide hauv Qib Qib Kub Extraction

Zijin Mining Daim Ntawv Thov hauv Zijinshan Kub Mine

Zijin Mining tau ua tiav cov txheej txheem cyanidation siv sodium cyanide hauv Zijinshan Gold Mine. Los ntawm kev txau cov tshuaj cyanide (sodium cyanide tov) mus rau cov pob zeb kub qis, lawv muaj peev xwm rho tawm kub ntawm tus nqi qis. Daim ntawv thov no tsis tau tsuas yog qhib lub peev xwm ntawm qib qis kub mining hauv cheeb tsam tab sis kuj tau muab Zijin Mining rau tus nqi tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam kub. Lawv qhov kev ua tiav zoo qhia txog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev siv sodium cyanide rau qib qis kub rho tawm hauv kev lag luam mining tiag tiag.

Ntiaj teb no Prevalence ntawm Cyanidation nyob rau hauv qis-Qib Kub Mines

Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, ntau cov mines kub qis cia siab rau cyanidation nrog sodium cyanide. Hauv cov cheeb tsam xws li North America, South America, thiab Australia, qhov twg muaj ntau qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ore kub qis, cyanidation yog ib txoj kev siv ntau. Cov mines no tau txhim kho cov txheej txheem kom sib npaug ntawm kev ua tau zoo, tus nqi, thiab kev txhawj xeeb ntawm ib puag ncig thiab kev nyab xeeb. Lawv tsis tu ncua nqis peev hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob los txhim kho cov txheej txheem cyanidation, xws li kev tswj hwm zoo dua ntawm cyanide concentration, kev npaj cov ore ntau dua, thiab cov txheej txheem siab heev rau kev kho cyanide pov tseg, txhua yam tsom rau kev ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev siv sodium cyanide rau qib qis kub rho tawm.

xaus

Sodium cyanide plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom zoo thiab raug nqi rho tawm ntawm kub los ntawm qib qis ores. Txawm hais tias muaj teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev siv, xws li arsenic cuam tshuam thiab kev txhawj xeeb ntawm ib puag ncig thiab kev nyab xeeb, nrog cov kev daws teeb meem tsim nyog thiab kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig, cov txheej txheem cyanidation tseem yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov mining kub qis. Raws li qhov kev thov rau kub txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv thiab qib siab cov nyiaj tso cia kub dhau los ua qhov tsis txaus, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv sodium cyanide txhawm rau qhib tus nqi ntawm cov kub qis qis yuav nce ntxiv. Cov tuam txhab mining thiab cov kws tshawb fawb yuav zoo li yuav txuas ntxiv tsim kho tshiab hauv cheeb tsam no txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej txheem rho tawm kub siv sodium cyanide.