Kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb rau daim ntawv thov ntawm Sodium Cyanide Leaching Agent

Introduction

Sodium cyanide yog ib qho tshuaj tseem ceeb heev rau kev rho tawm cov hlau muaj nqis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev lag luam khawb kub. Txawm li cas los xij, vim nws muaj tshuaj lom ntau thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo rau ib puag ncig thiab kev nyab xeeb, yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas nws daim ntawv thov. Tsab xov xwm no piav qhia txog kev ceev faj rau kev siv sodium cyanide kom ntxaws.

1. Ceev Faj Txog Kev Nyab Xeeb

1.1 Toxicity Awareness

Sodium cyanide muaj tshuaj lom heev. Kev ua pa, kev noj, lossis kev sib chwv nrog daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev lom loj heev. Cov cyanide hauv nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ib txwm ntawm cov enzyme tseem ceeb hauv lub cev tib neeg uas tseem ceeb rau kev ua pa ntawm tes. Qhov kev cuam tshuam no tuaj yeem ua rau ua tsis taus pa sai thiab txawm tias tuag hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav. Piv txwv li, hauv qee qhov xwm txheej hauv kev khawb av uas Sodium Cyanide xau, cov neeg ua haujlwm uas tsis tau tiv thaiv zoo raug kev lom cyanide sai, nrog rau cov tsos mob xws li kiv taub hau, xeev siab, ua pa sai, thiab hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, poob kev nco qab.

1.2 Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej (PPE)

Cov neeg ua haujlwm uas siv Sodium cyanide yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kab mob (PPE) uas tsim nyog. Qhov no suav nrog cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv tshuaj lom neeg uas tiv taus roj, cov ntaub thaiv roj uas ua haujlwm tau zoo nrog cov lim dej uas tsim los thaiv cyanide, cov hnab looj tes tiv taus tshuaj lom neeg (xws li cov hnab looj tes nitrile), thiab cov tsom iav tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb. Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau kawm kom paub tseeb tias siv PPE kom raug. Piv txwv li, thaum hnav lub ntaub thaiv roj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas seb puas muaj cua nkag los ntawm kev nqus pa thiab tso pa tawm tob tob kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj cua sab nraud nkag los.

1.3 Kev Npaj Ua Haujlwm Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev

Cov tuam txhab uas siv sodium cyanide yuav tsum muaj qhov zoo - tsim cov phiaj xwm teb xwm txheej ceev. Cov phiaj xwm no yuav tsum suav nrog cov txheej txheem rau kev cuam tshuam nrog cov nchuav, xau, thiab ua rau muaj kab mob lom. Cov khoom siv pab thawj zaug uas muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob cyanide (xws li hydroxocobalamin) yuav tsum muaj nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw. Thaum muaj xwm txheej lom, yuav tsum tau ua ntej - kev pab kho mob, thiab kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev yuav tsum tau hu tsis tau ncua. Kev xyaum yuav tsum tau ua tsis tu ncua los xyuas kom meej tias txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm paub txog cov txheej txheem teb thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.

2. Kev ceev faj cia

2.1 Cia ib puag ncig

Sodium cyanide yuav tsum tau muab cia rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhuav, thiab zoo-ventilated warehouse. Nws yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom deb ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tshav kub, ignition, thiab ncaj qha tshav ntuj. Qhov chaw cia khoom yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm cov kua qaub, cov tshuaj oxidizing, thiab lwm yam khoom uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog nws. Piv txwv li, yog tias sodium cyanide los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov kua qaub, cov pa roj hydrogen cyanide yuav raug tsim tawm. Lub warehouse tseem yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj thiab corrosion-resistant pem teb thiab chaw cia khoom.

2.2 Ntim Cov Lus Qhia

Sodium cyanide feem ntau yog ntim rau hauv cov hlau nruas hlau lossis yas - cov ntim ntoo. Lub ntim yuav tsum tau sau meej meej nrog cov cim ceeb toom qhia tias nws muaj tshuaj lom thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv ntsig txog. Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua ntawm lub ntim yuav tsum tau ua kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj qhov xau lossis puas. Yog tias pom muaj cov cim qhia txog kev xau, lub thawv yuav tsum tau hloov tam sim ntawd mus rau qhov chaw muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tswj kom tsim nyog thiab ntsuas ntsuas yuav tsum tau ua.

3. Kev ceev faj txog kev ua haujlwm

3.1 Concentration Control

Hauv cov txheej txheem leaching, kev tswj nruj ntawm sodium cyanide concentration yog qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov tsim nyog concentration yog txiav txim los ntawm yam xws li hom ore, muaj cov ntxhia hauv cov ntxhia, thiab txoj kev leaching. Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv kub mining, rau heap leaching, qhov concentration ntawm sodium cyanide nyob rau hauv leaching tov yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 0.05% - 0.1%, thaum agitation leaching ntawm flotation concentrates, yuav tsum tau ib tug ntau dua concentration. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev xav ntau dhau tsis yog tsuas yog nce nqi xwb tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo loj ntawm ib puag ncig thiab kev nyab xeeb. Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tias qhov concentration tsawg dhau, qhov kev ua haujlwm leaching yuav txo qis.

3.2 pH tswj

Tus nqi pH ntawm cov tshuaj leaching muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm sodium cyanide. Cyanide tseem nyob ruaj khov hauv ib puag ncig alkaline. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig acidic, nws yuav hnov ​​​​mob tsim cov volatile thiab muaj kuab lom heev hydrogen cyanide gas. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm leaching txheej txheem, pH ntawm cov tshuaj feem ntau yog tswj nyob rau hauv ib tug heev alkaline theem, thiab txiv qaub yog feem ntau ntxiv rau kho thiab tswj pH. Kev saib xyuas tus nqi pH tsis tu ncua yog tsim nyog, thiab kev hloov kho yuav tsum tau ua kom raws sijhawm raws li kev soj ntsuam cov txiaj ntsig.

3.3 Aeration thiab Aeration

Kev ua kom zoo thiab aeration yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txheej txheem leaching. Kev ntxhov siab yuav pab kom sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj sodium cyanide thiab cov ore hais, ua rau thaj chaw sib cuag ntawm lawv. Aeration muab cov pa oxygen tsim nyog rau oxidation ntawm cov hlau muaj txiaj ntsig thaum lub sij hawm leaching. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau yuav ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm cov tshuaj, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob, thiab aeration tsis zoo yuav ua rau tsis txaus leaching. Kev siv zog ntawm agitation thiab aeration yuav tsum tau optimized raws li cov khoom tshwj xeeb ore thiab leaching khoom.

4. Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig

4.1 Kev kho dej khib nyiab

Cov dej khib nyiab tsim thaum lub sij hawm sodium cyanide leaching txheej txheem muaj cyanide thiab lwm yam kuab paug. Ua ntej tso tawm, nws yuav tsum tau txais kev kho mob nruj kom ua tau raws li ib puag ncig cov qauv. Cov kev kho mob muaj xws li tshuaj oxidation (xws li siv cov tshuaj chlorine lossis hydrogen peroxide los oxidize cyanide rau cov tshuaj tsis muaj tshuaj lom), kev kho mob lom (siv cov kab mob tshwj xeeb los decompose cyanide), thiab lub cev - tshuaj txoj kev (xws li ion pauv thiab adsorption). Cov dej khib nyiab kho yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tsis tu ncua kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cyanide thiab lwm yam muaj kuab paug nyob rau hauv qhov tso cai.

4.2 Kev Tswj Xyuas Khoom Siv Khoom Siv

Cov khoom pov tseg, xws li tailings uas muaj cov seem sodium cyanide, kuj yuav tsum tau tswj kom zoo. Tailings yuav tsum tau muab khaws cia rau hauv tshwj xeeb tsim tailings pas dej nrog zoo tiv thaiv - to tiv thaiv cov to ntawm cyanide rau hauv av thiab dej hauv av. Qee zaum, cov tailings yuav raug ua tiav ntxiv kom txo tau cov ntsiab lus cyanide lossis kom rov qab tau cov hlau muaj txiaj ntsig. Kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua ntawm cov pas dej tailings thiab ib puag ncig ib puag ncig yog qhov tseem ceeb txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem muaj kuab paug nyob rau lub sijhawm.

5. Kev Ua Raws Cai

5.1 Kev Tso Cai thiab Tso Cai

Cov tuam txhab uas siv sodium cyanide yuav tsum tau txais daim ntawv tso cai tsim nyog thiab tso cai raws li cov cai thiab cov cai. Cov ntawv tso cai no feem ntau suav nrog daim ntawv tso cai ib puag ncig, daim ntawv tso cai tsim khoom nyab xeeb, thiab cov ntawv tso cai ua haujlwm tshuaj lom neeg. Cov txheej txheem thov feem ntau xav tau cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog lub tuam txhab kev tsim khoom, chaw cia khoom, kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb, thiab cov phiaj xwm tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.

5.2 Kev soj ntsuam tsis tu ncua

Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua los ntawm cov neeg saib xyuas kev tswj hwm yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev ua raws cai. Cov kev tshuaj xyuas no suav nrog cov xwm txheej xws li kev cia khoom ntawm sodium cyanide, kev siv cov kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb, kev kho cov dej khib nyiab thiab cov khib nyiab pov tseg, thiab kev cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav tsum koom tes nrog kev tshuaj xyuas thiab ua kom tiav raws sij hawm rau txhua qhov teeb meem tsis ua raws cai.

Hauv kev xaus, daim ntawv thov ntawm sodium cyanide ua tus neeg sawv cev leaching yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb, khaws cia, kev ua haujlwm, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, thiab kev ua raws li kev cai. Tsuas yog los ntawm nruj me ntsis ua raws li cov kev ceev faj no tuaj yeem ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thaum txo qis kev pheej hmoo rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig.