Vim li cas Sodium Cyanide thiaj li saib xyuas?

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) tau ntev los ua ib qho kev txaus siab thiab kev txhawj xeeb thoob plaws ntau qhov chaw. Qhov no yog vim nws muaj tshuaj lom heev thiab siv dav hauv kev lag luam.

Toxicity: A Lethal Threat

Sodium cyanide muaj tshuaj lom heev rau tib neeg. Txawm tias me me xwb los, tsuas yog 5% ntawm ib diav me me xwb, kuj ua rau tuag taus. Thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, nws yuav tawg ua cov cyanide ions (CN⁻). Cov ions no muaj kev sib raug zoo heev rau cov hlau hauv cytochrome oxidase, ib qho enzyme tseem ceeb rau txoj kev thauj hluav taws xob hauv kev ua pa ntawm tes. Los ntawm kev khi rau cov hlau, cov cyanide ions inhibit qhov enzyme ua haujlwm, thaiv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov electrons thiab thaum kawg cuam tshuam lub cev lub peev xwm los tsim lub zog hauv daim ntawv ntawm ATP. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm tes sai sai, lactic acidosis (thaum cov hlwb hloov mus rau anaerobic metabolism), thiab thaum kawg tuag. Cov tsos mob ntawm sodium cyanide lom suav nrog kev ua pa nyuaj, qaug dab peg, tsis nco qab, thiab lub plawv nres. Vim muaj qhov kev tuag taus no, txhua qhov kev raug rau Sodium Cyanide , txawm tias nyob rau hauv kev sib tsoo hauv kev lag luam lossis lwm yam xwm txheej, tam sim ntawd ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb rau pej xeem.

Kev siv dav dav hauv kev lag luam

Kub Tsuas

Ib qho ntawm kev siv tseem ceeb ntawm Sodium cyanide yog nyob rau hauv kev lag luam khawb kub . Feem ntau ntawm lub ntiaj teb kub tsis pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov nuggets loj tab sis yog cov khoom me me tawg hauv cov pob zeb. Txhawm rau rho tawm kub ntawm cov ores no, cov txheej txheem hu ua cyanidation feem ntau siv. Tom qab cov ore tau raug khawb thiab milled ua hmoov zoo, nws raug ntxiv rau hauv cov tshuaj sodium cyanide. Cov kub tsim cov kev sib txuas zoo nrog cov molecules cyanide, tsim cov kub soluble - cyanide complexes. Cov complexes no tuaj yeem cais tawm ntawm lwm cov minerals hauv cov ore, vim lawv soluble hauv dej. Tom qab ntawd, zinc raug ntxiv rau hauv cov tshuaj, uas reacts nrog cov kub - cyanide complexes, ua rau kub precipitate tawm ua khoom khov. Cov khoom kawg no ces raug smelted kom cais cov kub ntshiab. Kev thov thoob ntiaj teb rau kub, tsav los ntawm cov yam xws li kev ua hniav nyiaj hniav kub, kev nqis peev, thiab kev siv hauv kev lag luam , txhais tau tias ntau ntawm sodium cyanide yog siv rau hauv kev ua haujlwm khawb kub thoob ntiaj teb. Yog li ntawd, txhua yam teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog sodium cyanide hauv cov ntsiab lus no, xws li nws txoj kev tuav pov hwm, kev khaws cia, thiab kev thauj mus los muaj kev nyab xeeb, nyiam kev saib xyuas tseem ceeb vim yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam.

Lwm Cov Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob

Sodium cyanide kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lwm qhov kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv daim teb ntawm electroplating, nws yog siv los ua ib feem nyob rau hauv ib co plating da dej. Nws pab kom ua tiav cov txheej txheem du thiab sib xws ntawm cov hlau xws li tooj liab, nyiaj, cadmium, thiab zinc ntawm ntau yam substrates. Hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj organic, sodium cyanide ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom pib. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov synthesis ntawm tej yam tshuaj, nws yog siv los qhia cov cyano pawg (-CN) rau hauv cov organic molecules, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tsim ntawm ntau yam tseem ceeb tshuaj tebchaw. Nws kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov fibers hluavtaws, plastics, thiab dyes. Hauv kev lag luam dyeing, nws tau koom nrog hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom sib txuas xws li (cyanuric chloride), uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb nruab nrab ntawm kev ua cov dyes reactive thiab tseem ua cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim kho qhov muag brighteners. Muab nws qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem kev lag luam sib txawv no, txhua yam kev cuam tshuam hauv kev muab khoom, tuav, lossis kev nyab xeeb ntawm sodium cyanide tuaj yeem muaj qhov cuam tshuam txog kev lag luam.

Cov xwm txheej thiab lawv qhov cuam tshuam

Cov xwm txheej siab tshaj plaws uas cuam tshuam nrog sodium cyanide tau ntxiv rau nws qhov tseem ceeb hauv pej xeem qhov muag. Piv txwv li, Tianjin tawg nyob rau hauv 2015 yog ib tug tragic xwm txheej uas coj sodium cyanide rau hauv lub tsom teeb. Nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw tawg, ib qho chaw khaws khoom loj ntawm 700 tonnes ntawm sodium cyanide tau tshawb pom, uas yog ntau tshaj 70 npaug ntawm kev cai lij choj. Qhov tawg tau ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog qhov muaj peev xwm tso tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg lom zem heev rau hauv ib puag ncig. Yog tias cov sodium cyanide tau raug tso tawm thiab nkag mus rau hauv dej lossis qhov kub thiab txias, nws tuaj yeem tsim cov roj hydrogen cyanide, uas yog cov khoom txaus ntshai thiab tsis muaj zog. Hydrogen cyanide yog tshuaj lom heev thaum nqus tau thiab tuaj yeem kis tau sai hauv huab cua, ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg nyob ib puag ncig. Txawm hais tias Suav cov tub ceev xwm tau nqis tes ua ceev ceev los tswj qhov xwm txheej, xws li kho cov txeej nrog hydrogen peroxide kom txo qis kev tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg txaus ntshai, qhov xwm txheej tseem qhia txog cov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb cuam tshuam nrog kev cia thiab tuav ntawm sodium cyanide. Cov pej xeem paub txog qhov muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev phom sij ntawm sodium cyanide tau nce siab heev, thiab nws tau ua rau muaj kev tshuaj xyuas ntau ntxiv txog kev nyab xeeb thiab kev coj ua hauv kev lag luam uas cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj no.

Xaus lus, sodium cyanide muaj tshuaj lom ntau , siv dav hauv cov lag luam tseem ceeb xws li kev khawb kub thiab kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg, thiab nws koom nrog hauv cov xwm txheej loj ua rau nws yog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg uas raug saib xyuas ze. Qhov xav tau kev sib npaug ntawm nws cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam nrog kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb nruj kom tiv thaiv tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig tseem yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb.