Mmetụta Sodium Cyanide dị na ala na gburugburu ebe obibi

Okwu Mmalite

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) bụ ihe na-egbu egbu nke ukwuu nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ọtụtụ usoro ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị iche iche, dịka igwu ọlaedo, electroplating, na mmepụta kemịkalụ. N'ihi ojiji ya dị ukwuu, enwere nnukwu ihe egwu nke sodium cyanide ịbanye na gburugburu ebe obibi , ebe ọ nwere ike imebi ịdị mma ala na nguzozi gburugburu ebe obibi nke ukwuu. Isiokwu a na-achọ inyocha nke ọma mmetụta Sodium Cyanide nwere n'ala na gburugburu ebe obibi sara mbara.

Njirimara nke sodium cyanide

Sodium cyanide bụ ihe siri ike ọcha, kristal, nke nwere isi almond dị ilu. Ọ na-agbaze nke ukwuu na mmiri, na-emepụta ihe ngwọta alkaline siri ike. Mmiri a na-agbaze na-enye ya ohere ịgbasa ngwa ngwa na gburugburu ebe obibi, ọkachasị na sistemụ mmiri. Na mgbakwunye, Sodium cyanide bụ ihe na-ebelata ihe dị ike ma na-emeghachi omume ngwa ngwa na ọtụtụ ihe, gụnyere asịd, ọla, na ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị ndụ ghara ịdị ọcha. Njirimara kemịkalụ ndị a na-enye aka na ikike ya imebi gburugburu ebe obibi.

Ụzọ nke sodium Cyanide na-abanye na gburugburu ebe obibi

Mwepu ụlọ ọrụ

N'ụlọ ọrụ dị ka ngwupụta ọla edo, a na-eji sodium cyanide wepụta ọla edo na ọla. Iji kemịkalụ a buru ibu nwere ike ibute mwepu dị egwu na gburugburu ebe obibi. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọdụdụ sitere n'ebe a na-egwupụta ọla edo na-enwekarị sodium cyanide fọdụrụnụ, bụ́ nke a pụrụ ibunye n'ime mmiri na ala dị nso ma ọ bụrụ na ejighị ya nke ọma. N'otu aka ahụ, na ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-emepụta electroplating, a pụrụ ịwụpụ mmiri mkpofu nwere sodium cyanide na-enweghị ọgwụgwọ zuru oke, na-etinye ihe egwu na gburugburu ebe obibi.

Mwụfu ihe mberede

Ihe mberede n'oge njem ma ọ bụ nchekwa nke sodium cyanide nwere ike ịkpata nnukwu mwụfu. Mwụfu ndị a nwere ike imerụ ala, mmiri dị n'elu, na mmiri ala. Dị ka ihe atụ, ọ bụrụ na ụgbọ mmiri bu sodium cyanide mmiri na-enugharị atụgharị, kemịkal ahụ nwere ike ịbanye ngwa ngwa n'ime ala, na-emetụta kemịkalụ ala na ihe ndị dị ndụ. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ntufu nwekwara ike iduga n'ichepụta hydrogen cyanide gas, nke nwere ike ịgbasa n'ime ikuku, na-emerụ ma mmadụ ma gburugburu ebe obibi.

Mmetụta na ala

Mgbanwe kemịkalụ na ala

Mgbe sodium cyanide na-abanye n'ime ala, ọ nwere ike ịnweta hydrolysis, na-ahapụ ion cyanide (CN⁻). ion cyanide ndị a nwere ike imeghachi omume na akụkụ ala dị iche iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ha nwere ike ịmepụta ogige ndị nwere ion ígwè n'ime ala, dị ka ígwè, ọla kọpa, na zinc. Nke a nwere ike ịgbanwe nnweta ọla ndị a dị mkpa maka osisi, na-akpaghasị usoro uto osisi nkịtị. Na mgbakwunye, ọnụnọ cyanide nwere ike ịgbanwe pH nke ala. Dị ka sodium cyanide bụ ntọala siri ike, ọ nwere ike ịbawanye alkalinity nke ala, nke nwere ike ọ gaghị adabara ọtụtụ ụdị osisi na-ahọrọ ebe na-anọpụ iche ma ọ bụ ala acid.

Mmetụta na ala microorganisms

Microorganisms ala na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịkwado ọmụmụ ala na ịgba ígwè na-edozi ahụ. Otú ọ dị, sodium cyanide na-egbu egbu maka microorganisms ndị a. Ọbụlagodi na mkpokọta dị ala, cyanide nwere ike igbochi uto na ọrụ nke nje bacteria, fungi, na ala ndị ọzọ - microorganisms obibi. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ nwere ike ịkpaghasị nitrogen - ikike nhazi nke ụfọdụ nje bacteria, nke dị mkpa maka osisi iji nweta nitrogen, ihe dị mkpa na-edozi ahụ. Nke a nwere ike ibute mbelata nke ọmụmụ ala ka oge na-aga yana mbelata n'ozuzu oke nke usoro ihe ọkụkụ nke ala.

Mmetụta na uto ihe ọkụkụ

Osisi ndị na-eto eto na ala nke nwere sodium cyanide metọọ na-eche ọtụtụ nsogbu ihu. Ịkwalite cyanide site na mgbọrọgwụ osisi nwere ike igbochi usoro iku ume ha. Cyanide na-ejikọta na cytochrome oxidase, enzyme nke na-etinye aka na iku ume cellular, na-egbochi eriri ụgbọ njem eletrọn na igbochi mmepụta nke ATP, ego ike nke cell. N'ihi nke a, ihe ọkụkụ nwere ike ịmalite itolite, ịcha edo edo (chlorosis), na n'ọnọdụ siri ike, ọnwụ. Na mgbakwunye, mgbanwe kemịkalụ ala na mbelata ọrụ microbial n'ihi mmetọ sodium cyanide na-eme ka mmetụta ọjọọ na uto osisi ka njọ.

Mmetụta na Gburugburu Ebe obibi

Mmetọ mmiri

Sodium cyanide na gburugburu ebe obibi nwere ike ịbanye n'ime mmiri. Ozugbo n'ime mmiri, ọ na-ekewa n'ime ion cyanide, nke na-egbu egbu nke ukwuu nye ihe ndị dị n'ime mmiri. Ọbụlagodi na mkpokọta dị obere (n'ụdị micrograms kwa liter), cyanide nwere ike igbu azụ, invertebrates na ndụ mmiri ndị ọzọ. Ọ nwere ike ịkpaghasị usoro iku ume nke ihe ndị a, na-eduga na ntachi. Ọzọkwa, ọnụnọ cyanide na mmiri nwekwara ike imetụta ịdị mma nke isi iyi mmiri ọṅụṅụ. Ọ bụrụ na a na-eji mmiri cyanide - emetọ eme ihe maka oriri mmadụ, ọ nwere ike ịkpata nsogbu ahụike siri ike, gụnyere nsogbu iku ume, dizziness, na n'ọnọdụ dị oke njọ, ọnwụ.

Ikuku ikuku

Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-adịkarịghị, sodium cyanide nwere ike itinye aka na mmetọ ikuku. Na ọnụnọ nke acid ma ọ bụ n'okpuru ụfọdụ ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi, sodium cyanide nwere ike imeghachi omume iji mepụta hydrogen cyanide gas (HCN). Hydrogen cyanide bụ gas na-agbanwe agbanwe na nke na-egbu egbu. Enwere ike ịhapụ ya n'ikuku n'oge usoro mmepụta ihe, ihe mberede mberede, ma ọ bụ mgbe cyanide - ala ma ọ bụ mmiri na-emerụ emerụ na-ekpuchi ihe acidic. Ozugbo n'ikuku, hydrogen cyanide nwere ike ikuru mmadụ na anụmanụ, na-emebi usoro iku ume, anya, na akụkụ ndị ọzọ.

Adịghị nhata gburugburu ebe obibi

Mmetọ nke ala na mmiri juru ebe niile site na sodium cyanide nwere ike bute oke nhụsianya nke gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọnwụ nke ihe ndị dị ndụ n'ime mmiri na mbelata nke ihe ọkụkụ sitere na ala nwere ike ịkpaghasị ụdọ nri niile. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ azụ̀ na-ada n'ihi mmiri cyanide-emetọọ, nke a nwere ike inwe mmetụta dị egwu n'ahụ ndị na-eri anụ na-adabere na azụ maka nri. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, mfu nke mkpuchi ihe ọkụkụ na ala - ebe ndị mmetọ nwere ike ime ka ọ dịkwuo ala, na-emebiwanye gburugburu ebe obibi.

Ọgwụgwọ na mgbochi nke mmetọ sodium Cyanide

Ọgwụgwọ nke ala na mmiri emetọọ

E nwere ọtụtụ ụzọ e si agwọ ala na mmiri e merụrụ emerụ site na sodium cyanide. N'ọgwụgwọ mmiri, a na-ejikarị usoro oxidation kemịkalụ eme ihe. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, itinye chlorine ma ọ bụ hydrogen peroxide na cyanide - mmiri ruru unyi nwere ike ime ka ion cyanide ghara ịdị irè, dịka cyanate (CNO⁻) ma ọ bụ carbon dioxide na nitrogen gas. N'ọgwụgwọ ala, bioremediation nwere ike ịbụ ụzọ dị irè. Ụfọdụ nje bacteria, dị ka ụfọdụ nje bacteria na fungi, nwere ike imebi cyanide ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-adịghị emerụ ahụ. Site n'itinye nje bacteria ndị a n'ime ala ruru unyi, a pụrụ ibelata ọkwa cyanide ka oge na-aga.

Mgbochi nke Sodium Cyanide mmetọ

Iji gbochie mmetọ sodium cyanide, ụlọ ọrụ ga-emejuputa atumatu nchekwa nchekwa na gburugburu ebe obibi. Na ụlọ ọrụ na-egwuputa ihe, dịka ọmụmaatụ, njide kwesịrị ekwesị na ọgwụgwọ ọdụ dị mkpa. Nke a na-agụnye iji ọdọ mmiri ọdụdụ nwere ahịrị iji gbochie ntapu nke cyanide - nwere ọdụ ọdụ n'ime gburugburu gburugburu. Na mgbakwunye, ụlọ ọrụ kwesịrị itinye ego na teknụzụ ndị ọzọ na-ebelata ma ọ bụ wepụ iji sodium cyanide. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụfọdụ ọrụ Ngwuputa na-enyocha iji usoro ndị na-abụghị cyanide - dabere na mmịpụta ọla edo, dị ka thiosulfate leaching, nke na-adịghị emerụ ahụ gburugburu.

mmechi

Sodium cyanide na-etinye nnukwu ihe iyi egwu maka ịdị mma ala na gburugburu gburugburu ebe obibi n'ihi oke nsi na mmeghachi omume ya. Kemịkal ahụ nwere ike imebi kemịkalụ ala, microorganisms nke ala, na uto osisi, yana imetọ mmiri na ikuku, na-eduga n'ịha nhata nke gburugburu ebe obibi. Otú ọ dị, site na ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị nke mgbasa ozi mmetọ na mmejuputa usoro mgbochi na ụlọ ọrụ, enwere ike ibelata mmetụta ọjọọ nke sodium cyanide na gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọ dị mkpa maka ụlọ ọrụ, gọọmentị, na ọha mmadụ n'ozuzu iji mata mkpa ọ dị ijikwa iji sodium cyanide na mmetọ iji chekwaa gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike mmadụ.