Nyocha nke ọrụ catalytic nke sodium Cyanide na ụlọ ọrụ Petrochemical

Okwu Mmalite

Sodium cyanide (NaCN), dị ka ihe dị mkpa na-adịghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma, na-egosipụta mmetụta dị ukwuu nke catalytic na Petrochemical Industry n'ihi ihe pụrụ iche kemịkalụ ya. Ike alkalinity ya siri ike, ikike nhazi, na nucleophilicity ya na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe mkpali ma ọ bụ ihe mgbakwunye dị mkpa na ọtụtụ mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ. Isiokwu a ga-atụle ọrụ ya na ụlọ ọrụ petrochemical site na akụkụ dịka usoro Catalytic , ubi ngwa, na nchekwa.

I. Usoro nhazi nke sodium Cyanide

1.Formation nke metal mgbagwoju

Ion CN⁻ nwere ike ịhazi ihe dị iche iche nke ukwuu ma nwee ike ịmepụta ihe ndị kwụsiri ike na ọla mgbanwe (dịka Ni, Co, Fe, wdg). Ihe ndị a nwere ike ime ka mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa dị na mmeghachi omume catalytic rụọ ọrụ ma belata ike mkpali nke mmeghachi omume ahụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na hydrocyanation nke olefins, ihe na-akpali akpali nke Sodium Cyanide na nnu nickel mepụtara nwere ike ịkwalite mmeghachi omume mgbakwunye nke olefins na HCN nke ọma iji mepụta Nitrile Compound s.

2.Nucleophilic catalysis

Dịka ntọala siri ike, sodium cyanide nwere ike inye CN⁻ dị ka ihe na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ... ndị na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ihe dị n'ime ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ihe dị n'ime ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ihe dị n'ime ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ihe dị n'ime ihe ndị na-eme ka

3.Nchịkwa nke gburugburu Alkaline

Sodium cyanide hydrolyzes iji mepụta NaOH na HCN, nke nwere ike ịhazi pH uru nke usoro mmeghachi omume ma kwalite ụfọdụ mmeghachi omume catalytic acid-base (dị ka hydrolysis ma ọ bụ condensation nke esters).

II. Ngwa a na-ahụkarị na ụlọ ọrụ Petrochemical

1.Synthesis nke Nitrile Compound

• Mmepụta Acrylonitrile : N'ime usoro ammoxidation nke propylene iji mepụta acrylonitrile, enwere ike iji sodium cyanide dị ka ihe mgbakwunye ihe na-akpali akpali iji melite nhọrọ mmeghachi omume na mmepụta.

• Njikọta Adiponitrile : Site na mmeghachi omume hydrocyanation nke 1.3-butadiene, sodium cyanide na-akpali mmepụta nke adiponitrile, nke bụ isi ihe eji emepụta naịlọn-66.

2. Carbonylation Synthesis na Hydrogenation Reactions

• Na mmeghachi omume carbonylation synthesis, sodium cyanide na-eme ihe na-emekọrịta ihe na cobalt catalyst iji kwalite mmeghachi omume mgbakwunye nke olefins na CO na H₂ iji mepụta aldehyde ma ọ bụ mmanya mmanya.

• Dị ka ihe mgbakwunye na mmeghachi omume hydrogenation, sodium cyanide nwere ike ịhazi ọnọdụ eletrọnịkị elu nke ihe na-akpata ígwè ma kwalite ọrụ mmeghachi omume.

3.Petroleum Cracking na Desulfurization

• N'oge usoro mgbawa mmanụ ala, sodium cyanide nwere ike igbochi mmeghachi omume coking na ịgbatị ndụ ọrụ nke ihe mkpali.

• A na-eji ya maka iwepụ ogige ndị nwere sọlfọ (dị ka mwepụ mercaptan). Site na mmeghachi omume nnọchi nucleophilic, a na-atụgharị mercaptans ka ọ bụrụ sulfide ma ọ bụ disulfides.

III. Uru na ihe ịma aka

uru:

• Ọrụ catalytic dị elu na nhọrọ nhọrọ, dabara maka usoro mmeghachi omume dị mgbagwoju anya dị iche iche.

• Ọnụ ala dị ala ma dị mfe maka ngwa mmepụta ihe.

nsogbu:

• Ihe Ize Ndụ nke Nsí : Sodium cyanide nwere nnukwu nsí, ọ dịkwa mkpa ijikwa ọnọdụ ọrụ nke ọma iji gbochie ntapu ma ọ bụ kọntaktị.

• Nsogbu Gburugburu Ebe Obibi : A chọrọ ka a gwọọ mmiri mkpofu nwere cyanide (dịka site na iji usoro alkaline chlorination) iji mezuo ụkpụrụ mwepụta iji zere ihe egwu gburugburu ebe obibi.

• Asọmpi sitere na Teknụzụ Ndị Ọzọ : Site na mmepe nke kemistri akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, biocatalysis ma ọ bụ ionic liquid catalyst na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ dochie ụfọdụ usoro sodium cyanide.

IV. Usoro nchekwa na gburugburu ebe obibi

1. Nchedo Mmepụta : Jiri ngwa emechiri emechi, nwee sistemụ nchọpụta na mkpu hydrogen cyanide, ndị ọrụ kwesịrị iyi uwe nchebe na ihe mkpuchi gas.

2. Ọgwụgwọ Mmiri Mkpofu : Gbanwee CN⁻ ka ọ bụrụ CO₂ na N₂ na-anaghị egbu egbu site na usoro oxidation (dịka iji ClO₂ ma ọ bụ H₂O₂).

3. Nhazi Usoro : Mepụta teknụzụ imegharị ihe iji belata oriri nke sodium cyanide; nyochaa sistemụ catalytic na-enweghị cyanide (dịka iji nitriles organic dị ka ihe nnọchi).

mmechi

Sodium cyanide, nke nwere ihe pụrụ iche nke catalytic, na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ụlọ ọrụ petrochemical, karịsịa na mpaghara ndị dị ka nitrile synthesis na carbonylation reactions, ebe ọ na-enweghị ike dochie ya. Agbanyeghị, nsi ya na ihe egwu dị na gburugburu ebe obibi na-akpalikwa ụlọ ọrụ ka ọ gbanwee gaa na teknụzụ catalytic dị nchebe ma dị ndụ karịa. N'ọdịnihu, na ọganihu nke mmepụta ihe na nhazi nhazi, ntinye nke sodium cyanide ga-arụ ọrụ nke ọma ma na-adịgide adịgide.