Na-agwa oke oriri sodium cyanide na mpụta ọla edo

N'ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta ọla edo, usoro cyanidation na-anọgide na-abụ isi nkuku maka ịwepụta ọla edo na ọla. Agbanyeghị, okwu gbasara oke oke sodium cyanide oriri n'oge Ebe m na-egwu ọla edo ọ bụghị naanị na-ebuli ụgwọ ọrụ mana ọ na-ebutekwa nnukwu ihe egwu gburugburu ebe obibi na nchekwa. Bọọgụ blọgụ a na-enyocha isi ihe kpatara ya, ụzọ nchọpụta dị irè, yana ngwọta bara uru iji gboo nsogbu a juru ebe niile.

Ịghọta Ihe Na-akpata Mgbọrọgwụ

1. Njirimara ore

• Mgbagwoju anya Minerology: Ores nwere ihe mgbagwoju anya ịnweta nwere ike ime ka ọ dị elu cyanide oriri. Dị ka ihe atụ, mineral sulfide na-emeghachi omume na cyanide, na-eme ogige thiocyanate. Arsenopyrite na pyrrhotite na ore nwere ike iri cyanide site na oxidation na mgbagwoju anya mmeghachi omume, na-atụgharị ya na usoro mmịpụta ọla edo.

• Ọdịnaya Carbon dị eluIhe ndị na-esi ísì ụtọ nwere ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka ogidi ndị dị n'ọlaed-cyanide, bụ ihe a maara dị ka "na-apụnara mmadụ ihe." Nke a na-amanye mgbakwunye nke cyanide ọzọ iji kwụọ ụgwọ ọrụ mmịpụta furu efu, na-ebute ya Oke oriri.

2. Ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ

• Mgbaghara ezughị oke: Ịgwakọta ezughị ezu n'oge usoro ịsa ahụ na-eduga na kọntaktị adịghị mma n'etiti ore na ngwọta cyanide. Nke a na-egbochi mgbasa ọla edo ma kpalie ndị na-arụ ọrụ ka ha tinyekwuo cyanide na-atụ anya imeziwanye ọnụego mmịpụta.

• Ọkwa pH kacha mma: Cyanidation na-adabere na pH nke ukwuu, yana oke dị mma na-adịkarị n'etiti 10.5 na 11.5. PH dị n'okpuru ebe a na-eme ka cyanide ghọọ hydrogen cyanide gas, na-ebelata ọ dị maka mgbasa ọla edo. N'aka nke ọzọ, pH dị elu nke ukwuu nwere ike imebi ngwọta cyanide, na-enyekwa aka n'ịba ụba oriri.

3. Ogo mmiri

• Mmiri siri ike: Mmiri nke nwere nnukwu calcium, magnesium, na ion metal ndị ọzọ nwere ike imeghachi omume na cyanide, na-akpụ ụlọ cyanide metal na-adịghị edozi. Mmeghachi omume ndị a na-ebelata cyanide na ngwọta leaching, na-achọ mgbakwunye cyanide ọzọ.

• Ọdịnaya Oxygen agbazere: Ọ bụ ezie na ikuku oxygen dị mkpa maka oxidation nke ọla edo n'oge cyanidation, oke ọkwa nwere ike mee ka oxidation nke cyanide n'onwe ya dịkwuo elu, na-eduga n'ịkwalite ngwa ngwa na ụbara oriri.

Ụzọ nchọpụta

1. Nlereanya na nyocha mgbe niile

Chịkọta ihe atụ nke ngwọta leaching n'ọkwa dị iche iche nke usoro a, gụnyere ebe nri, etiti, na ntọhapụ. Nyochaa ihe nlele ndị a maka itinye uche cyanide site na iji ụzọ dị ka titration, ion chromatography, ma ọ bụ nyocha agba. Tụnyere ọkwa cyanide tụrụ atụnyere na ụkpụrụ echiche nwere ike inye aka chọpụta usoro oriri na-adịghị mma.

2. Usoro nlekota oru

Na-aga n'ihu na-enyocha usoro ọrụ isi dị ka pH, okpomọkụ, ọsọ iwe na ọdịnaya oxygen. Ọpụpụ sitere na oke kachasị mma nwere ike igosi nsogbu ndị nwere ike na-ebute oke oriri cyanide. Mejuputa sistemu nleba anya akpaghị aka nke nwere ike ịkpalite oti mkpu mgbe paramita kpafuru na oke edobere.

3. Njirimara ore

Mee nyocha zuru ezu nke mineral na kemịkalụ nke batches ore na-abata. Mgbasa X-ray (XRD), nyocha microscopy eletrọnịkị (SEM), na spectroscopy absorption spectroscopy (AAS) nwere ike inye nghọta n'ime ihe mejupụtara nke ore, na-enyere aka ịkọ oriri cyanide na mezie usoro ịsa ahụ.

Ngwọta dị irè

1. Ore Pretreatment

• Ọgwụgwọ OxidativeMaka ores nwere mineral sulfide, enwere ike iji ụzọ ọgwụgwọ oxidative dị ka ịsa nri, oxidation nrụgide, ma ọ bụ bio-oxidation. Usoro ndị a na-akụda mineral sulfide, na-ebelata mmeghachi omume ha na cyanide ma na-eme ka nrụpụta ọla edo dịkwuo mma ma na-ebelata oriri cyanide.

• Mwepụ Carbon: N'okwu nke carbonaceous ores, pre-leaching with activated carbon or other carbon-removing agents can help eliminate the preg-robbing effect. This allows the cyanide to focus on dissolving gold rather than being consumed by the carbonaceous matter.

2. Nhazi usoro

• Mmụba na mmezi ikuku: Gbaa mbọ hụ na ọgbaghara kwesịrị ekwesị na ọkwa ikuku iji kwalite ngwakọta otu na nnyefe oxygen kacha mma. Mee nnwale-ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ pilot iji chọpụta ezigbo ọsọ mkpasu iwe na ọnụego ikuku maka ụdị ọla dị iche iche na ọnọdụ ịsa ahụ.

• Njikwa pH: Wụnye sistemu njikwa pH akpaghị aka nke nwere ike idozi pH nke ngwọta leaching. Jiri lime ma ọ bụ sodium hydroxide mee ka pH dị n'ime oke kachasị mma, na-egbochi mmebi cyanide na hụ na mgbasa ọla edo dị mma.

3. Ọgwụgwọ Mmiri

• Nro: Na-emeso mmiri usoro iji wepụ ions na-akpata ike ike. Enwere ike iji resins mgbanwe ion ma ọ bụ nro wayo mee ka calcium na ion magnesium na-ebuli, na-ebelata nnyonye anya ha na ngwọta cyanide.

• Njikwa oxygen: Na-ebuli ikuku oxygen na usoro leaching. Jiri ihe mmetụta ikuku oxygen nyochaa ma jikwaa ọdịnaya oxygen gbazere, hụ na o zuru ezu maka oxidation ọla edo mana ọ bụghị nke ukwuu iji bute mmebi cyanide.

4. Reagent Management

• Ndị nnọchi anya Cyanide: Nyochaa ojiji nke ọzọ leaching reagents dị ka thiosulfate, thiourea, ma ọ bụ chloride ngwọta dabeere. Ihe ndị a nọchiri anya nwere ike inye mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi dị ala yana ọnụego oriri nwere ike belata ma e jiri ya tụnyere sodium cyanide, karịsịa maka ụfọdụ ụdị ore.

• Reagent imegharị ihe: Tinye usoro mgbake na mgbake cyanide. Enwere ike iji teknụzụ dị ka mgbanwe ion, elektrọnik, na nzacha akpụkpọ ahụ iji nwetaghachi ma jiri cyanide mee ihe site na ọdụ ọdụ, na-ebelata oriri n'ozuzu ya na ọgbọ mkpofu.

Usoro Mgbochi

1. Ọzụzụ ndị ọrụ

Nye ọzụzụ zuru oke maka ndị ọrụ na-egwupụta akụ na nhazi na usoro cyanidation, ọrụ akụrụngwa, na mmezi. Ndị ọrụ a zụrụ nke ọma na-enwekarị ike ịchọpụta ma dozie nsogbu ozugbo, hụ na usoro nkuzi ahụ na-aga nke ọma na nke ọma.

2. Data Analytics na Modeling

Jiri ngwa nyocha data wee hazie usoro nlegharị anya iji nyochaa data akụkọ ihe mere eme na ezigbo oge. Site n'ịchọpụta usoro na mmekọrịta, ndị na-arụ ọrụ nwere ike ibu amụma banyere nsogbu ndị nwere ike metụtara oriri cyanide ma mee ihe dị mkpa iji gbochie ha.

3. Audits na nyocha mgbe niile

Na-eme nyocha nke ime na mpụga mgbe niile nke usoro cyanidation. Nyocha ndị a nwere ike inye aka chọpụta mpaghara maka imeziwanye, hụ na a na-agbaso ụkpụrụ gburugburu ebe obibi na nchekwa, ma nọgide na-arụ ọrụ zuru oke nke ọrụ ntanye ọla edo.

N'ikpeazụ, na-ekwu okwu oke sodium cyanide Iri n'ime mgbanaka mgbo ọla edo chọrọ ụzọ nwere ọtụtụ akụkụ nke gụnyere ịghọta ihe kpatara ya, mejuputa ụzọ nchọpụta dị irè, itinye ihe ngwọta kwesịrị ekwesị, na ime ihe mgbochi. Site n'ime nke a, ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta akụ nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị ibelata ọnụ ahịa mana ha na-akwalite nkwado gburugburu ebe obibi nke ọrụ mmịpụta ọla edo ha.