Na-agwa oke oriri sodium cyanide na mpụta ọla edo

N'ụlọ ọrụ ngwuputa ọlaedo, usoro cyanidation ka bụ isi ihe dị mkpa maka iwepụta ọlaedo site na ọla. Agbanyeghị, okwu gbasara oke oriri nke sodium cyanide n'oge a na-egwuputa ọla edo abụghị naanị na ọ na-eme ka ọnụ ahịa ọrụ dịkwuo elu kamakwa ọ na-ebute nnukwu ihe egwu gburugburu ebe obibi na nchekwa. Edemede blọgụ a na-enyocha ihe kpatara ya, ụzọ nchọpụta dị irè, na ngwọta bara uru iji dozie nsogbu a.

Ịghọta Ihe Na-akpata Mgbọrọgwụ

1. Njirimara ore

• Nkà ihe dị mgbagwoju anya : Ores nwere ihe mejupụtara mineral dị mgbagwoju anya nwere ike ibute oke oriri cyanide . Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mineral sulfide na-emeghachi omume na cyanide, na-emepụta thiocyanate compounds. Arsenopyrite na pyrrhotite dị n'ime ọla ahụ nwere ike iri cyanide site na mmeghachi omume oxidation na complexation, na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị na usoro mwepụta ọlaedo.

• Ọdịnaya Kabọn Dị Elu : Ores Kabọn nwere ihe ndị dị ndụ nke na-amịkọrọ ihe mgbagwoju anya ọlaedo-cyanide, ihe a maara dị ka "preg-robbing." Nke a na-amanye ịgbakwunye cyanide karịa iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka arụmọrụ mwepụta furu efu, na-ebute oke oriri.

2. Ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ

• Enweghị Nkpali Ezughi Ezu : Enweghị ngwakọta zuru oke n'oge usoro ịcha ihe na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị mma n'etiti ọla na mmiri cyanide. Nke a na-egbochi mgbasa nke ọlaedo ma na-akpali ndị na-arụ ọrụ itinyekwu cyanide n'olileanya nke ime ka ọnụego mwepụta ka mma.

• Ọkwa pH nke na-adịghị mma : Cyanidation na-adabere na pH nke ukwuu, yana oke kachasị mma nke na-abụkarị n'etiti 10.5 na 11.5. pH dị n'okpuru oke a na-eme ka cyanide ghọọ gas hydrogen cyanide, na-ebelata nnweta ya maka ịgbaze ọlaedo. N'aka nke ọzọ, pH dị elu karịa nwere ike imebi mmiri cyanide, na-enyekwa aka na mmụba oriri.

3. Ogo mmiri

• Mmiri siri ike : Mmiri nwere nnukwu calcium, magnesium, na ion ígwè ndị ọzọ nwere ike imeghachi omume na cyanide, na-emepụta ihe mgbagwoju anya metal cyanide na-adịghị agbaze. Mmeghachi omume ndị a na-eme ka cyanide dị na mmiri na-amịpụta mmiri, na-achọ mgbakwunye cyanide ọzọ.

• Ọdịnaya Oxygen Agbazere : Ọ bụ ezie na oxygen dị mkpa maka oxidation nke ọlaedo n'oge cyanidation, oke oke nwere ike ime ka oxidation nke cyanide n'onwe ya dịkwuo ngwa ngwa, na-eduga na mmebi ngwa ngwa ya na mmụba nke oriri.

Ụzọ nchọpụta

1. Nlereanya na nyocha mgbe niile

Chịkọta ihe atụ nke ngwọta leaching n'ọkwa dị iche iche nke usoro a, gụnyere ebe nri, etiti, na ntọhapụ. Nyochaa ihe nlele ndị a maka itinye uche cyanide site na iji ụzọ dị ka titration, ion chromatography, ma ọ bụ nyocha agba. Tụnyere ọkwa cyanide tụrụ atụnyere na ụkpụrụ echiche nwere ike inye aka chọpụta usoro oriri na-adịghị mma.

2. Usoro nlekota oru

Na-aga n'ihu na-enyocha usoro ọrụ isi dị ka pH, okpomọkụ, ọsọ iwe na ọdịnaya oxygen. Ọpụpụ sitere na oke kachasị mma nwere ike igosi nsogbu ndị nwere ike na-ebute oke oriri cyanide. Mejuputa sistemu nleba anya akpaghị aka nke nwere ike ịkpalite oti mkpu mgbe paramita kpafuru na oke edobere.

3. Njirimara ore

Mee nyocha zuru ezu nke mineral na kemịkalụ nke batches ore na-abata. Mgbasa X-ray (XRD), nyocha microscopy eletrọnịkị (SEM), na spectroscopy absorption spectroscopy (AAS) nwere ike inye nghọta n'ime ihe mejupụtara nke ore, na-enyere aka ịkọ oriri cyanide na mezie usoro ịsa ahụ.

Ngwọta dị irè

1. Ore Pretreatment

• Ọgwụgwọ Ọgwụ Mgbochi Oxidative : Maka ores nwere mineral sulfide, enwere ike iji usoro ọgwụgwọ oxidative dị ka ịsacha ihe, oxidation nrụgide, ma ọ bụ bio-oxidation. Usoro ndị a na-agbaji mineral sulfide, na-ebelata mmeghachi omume ha na cyanide ma na-eme ka arụmọrụ mwepụta ọlaedo ka mma ma na-ebelata oriri cyanide.

• Mwepụ Carbon : N'ihe gbasara carbon aceous ores, iji carbon rụọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-ewepụ carbon nwere ike inye aka wepụ mmetụta preg-robbing. Nke a na-enye cyanide ohere ilekwasị anya na ịgbaze ọlaedo kama iri ya site na ihe carbon.

2. Nhazi usoro

• Mgbanwe Mgbali na Ntugharị Afụ : Hụ na ọkwa mgbali na ikuku kwesịrị ekwesị iji kwalite ngwakọta otu na nnyefe oxygen kacha mma. Mee nnwale nnwale iji chọpụta ọsọ mgbali na ọnụego ikuku kacha mma maka ụdị ọla dị iche iche na ọnọdụ mmiri.

• Njikwa pH : Wụnye sistemụ njikwa pH akpaaka nke nwere ike ịgbanwe pH nke ngwọta mmiri mmiri. Jiri lime ma ọ bụ sodium hydroxide mee ka pH dị n'ime oke kachasị mma, na-egbochi mmebi cyanide ma hụ na ọla edo na-agbaze nke ọma.

3. Ọgwụgwọ Mmiri

• Ime ka ọ dị nro : Jiri mmiri gwọọ usoro ahụ iji wepụ ion ndị na-akpata ike. Enwere ike iji resin mgbanwe ion ma ọ bụ ihe na-eme ka lime dị nro mee ka ion calcium na magnesium dị na ya, na-ebelata nnyonye anya ha na mmiri cyanide.

• Njikwa Oxygen : Mee ka ikuku oxygen dị mma maka usoro ịchacha ihe. Jiri ihe mmetụta oxygen nyochaa ma chịkwaa ọdịnaya oxygen agbazere agbaze, hụ na o zuru oke maka oxidation ọlaedo mana ọ bụghị oke oke iji mee ka cyanide mebie.

4. Reagent Management

• Ihe Ndị Na-anọchi Cyanide : Chọpụta ojiji nke ihe ndị ọzọ na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịcha dịka thiosulfate, thiourea, ma ọ bụ chloride. Ihe ndị a nwere ike inye obere mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi na oke oriri nwere ike ịdị ala ma e jiri ya tụnyere Sodium Cyanide , ọkachasị maka ụfọdụ ụdị ọla.

• Imegharị ihe na-emegharị ihe na-emegharị ihe : Mee usoro mgbake na imegharị ihe na-eme ka cyanide dị irè. Enwere ike iji teknụzụ dịka mgbanwe ion, electrowinning, na membrane filter mee ihe iji weghachite ma jiri cyanide mee ihe site na ọdụdụ mmiri na-amịpụta ihe, na-ebelata oriri na mmepụta ihe mkpofu n'ozuzu ya.

Usoro Mgbochi

1. Ọzụzụ ndị ọrụ

Nye ọzụzụ zuru oke maka ndị ọrụ na-egwupụta akụ na nhazi na usoro cyanidation, ọrụ akụrụngwa, na mmezi. Ndị ọrụ a zụrụ nke ọma na-enwekarị ike ịchọpụta ma dozie nsogbu ozugbo, hụ na usoro nkuzi ahụ na-aga nke ọma na nke ọma.

2. Data Analytics na Modeling

Jiri ngwa nyocha data wee hazie usoro nlegharị anya iji nyochaa data akụkọ ihe mere eme na ezigbo oge. Site n'ịchọpụta usoro na mmekọrịta, ndị na-arụ ọrụ nwere ike ibu amụma banyere nsogbu ndị nwere ike metụtara oriri cyanide ma mee ihe dị mkpa iji gbochie ha.

3. Audits na nyocha mgbe niile

Na-eme nyocha nke ime na mpụga mgbe niile nke usoro cyanidation. Nyocha ndị a nwere ike inye aka chọpụta mpaghara maka imeziwanye, hụ na a na-agbaso ụkpụrụ gburugburu ebe obibi na nchekwa, ma nọgide na-arụ ọrụ zuru oke nke ọrụ ntanye ọla edo.

Na mmechi, iji sodium cyanide gabigara ókè eme ihe n'ịmịpụta ọlaedo chọrọ ụzọ dị iche iche nke gụnyere ịghọta ihe kpatara ya, itinye usoro nchọpụta dị irè n'ọrụ, itinye ngwọta kwesịrị ekwesị, na ime ihe mgbochi. Site n'ime nke a, ụlọ ọrụ ndị na-egwupụta ọlaedo nwere ike ibelata ọnụ ahịa kamakwa ime ka ọrụ ha na-egwupụta ọlaedo dịkwuo mma.