Gịnị bụ solubility nke sodium cyanide?

Nkọwa nke Solubility

Solubility na-ezo aka na ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu nke solute nke nwere ike igbari na ihe mgbaze nyere na otu okpomọkụ na nrụgide iji mepụta ngwọta otu. A na-egosipụtakarị ya na gram nke solute kwa 100 milliliters (g/100 ml) nke ihe mgbaze ma ọ bụ na moles kwa liter (mol/L).

Solubility nke sodium cyanide na mmiri

sodium cyanide (NaCN) na-agbaze nke ukwuu na mmiri. Na okpomọkụ (ihe dị ka 25 Celsius C), ihe dịka gram 48 sodium cyanide nwere ike igbari na 100 milliliters mmiri. Ka okpomọkụ na-abawanye, ya Solubility na mmiri na-ebilikwa. Ka ihe atụ, na 34.7 Celsius C, solubility nke sodium cyanide na mmiri bụ ihe dịka 82 g / 100 ml.

The elu solubility nke sodium cyanide na mmiri nwere ike ịsị na ọtụtụ ihe. Sodium cyanide bụ ngwakọta ionic, nke nwere sodium cations (Na⁺) na cyanide anions (CN⁻). Mmiri bụ molekul polar, nke nwere ụgwọ dị mma na atom hydrogen yana ụgwọ na-adịghị mma na atom oxygen. Mgbe a na-agbakwunye sodium cyanide na mmiri, mkpụrụ ndụ mmiri pola na-emekọ ihe na ion na sodium cyanide. A na-adọta njedebe dị mma nke mkpụrụ ndụ mmiri na cyanide anions, na njedebe na-adịghị mma na-adọta cations sodium. Mmekọrịta a siri ike ion - dipole n'etiti ion nke sodium cyanide na ụmụ irighiri mmiri na-eme ka sodium cyanide gbaze ngwa ngwa n'ime mmiri.

Ọzọkwa, usoro mgbasa nke sodium cyanide na mmiri bụ usoro exothermic. Dị ka ụkpụrụ Le Chatelier si kwuo, maka usoro mgbasa nke exothermic, ịba ụba okpomọkụ ga-agbanwe nha nke mmeghachi omume mgbasa n'ebe ntụziaka nke solute siri ike (na-agbasaghị). Otú ọ dị, n'ihe banyere sodium cyanide, mmụba nke okpomọkụ ka na-eduga ná mmụba nke solubility. Nke a bụ n'ihi na mmụba nke okpomọkụ na-amụbakwa ike nke kinetic nke mkpụrụ ndụ mmiri na ions, nke na-akwalite dissociation nke sodium cyanide n'ime ions na mgbasa ha na mmiri, na-eme ka mmetụta nke exothermic ọdịdị nke mmeghachi omume mgbasa na solubility ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ.

Solubility na ihe mgbaze ndị ọzọ

Na mgbakwunye na mmiri, sodium cyanide nwere njirimara solubility dị iche iche na ihe mgbaze ndị ọzọ:

• Ethanol: Sodium cyanide na-agbaze nke ọma na ethanol. Solubility na ethanol dị obere ma e jiri ya tụnyere nke dị na mmiri. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ethanol bụ ihe mgbaze pola dị obere karịa mmiri. Akụkụ na-abụghị polar nke ethanol molecule (otu ethyl) na-ebelata mkpokọta ihe mgbaze. N'ihi ya, mmekọrịta ion - dipole dị n'etiti sodium cyanide ion na ethanol molecules adịghị ike dị ka ndị nwere mkpụrụ ndụ mmiri, na-eduga na solubility dị ala.

• Ihe mgbaze organic ndị ọzọSodium cyanide nwere obere solubility na-abụghị polar organic solvents dị ka benzene, ether, wdg. Ndị na-abụghị polar solvents enweghị ike imekọrịta nke ọma na ụdị ionic na sodium cyanide. Ebe ọ bụ na ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị na-abụghị polar enweghị nnukwu ụgwọ nkewa, ha enweghị ike ịdọta ion sodium na cyanide iji mebie agbụ ion na sodium cyanide wee gbasaa ion na ihe mgbaze.

Ihe Solubility pụtara

Ngwa mmepụta ihe

na Ngwuputa ọla edo ụlọ ọrụ, elu solubility nke sodium cyanide na mmiri dị oké mkpa. Ọlaedo na-etolite mgbagwoju anya nwere sodium cyanide na ngwọta mmiri. Ọlaedo a soluble - cyanide nwere ike meziwanye ya iji wepụta ọla edo dị ọcha. Solubility nke sodium cyanide n'ime mmiri na-enye ohere maka ịmịpụta ọla edo nke ọma site na mmanụ ya.

Chemical Jeremaya

Na njikọ kemịkalụ, solubility nke sodium cyanide na ihe mgbaze kwesịrị ekwesị na-emetụta ọnụego mmeghachi omume na mkpụrụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na ụfọdụ mmeghachi omume nucleophilic ebe a na-eji sodium cyanide mee ihe dị ka nucleophile, solubility ya na mmeghachi omume mmeghachi omume (na-abụkarị ihe mgbaze polar dị ka mmiri ma ọ bụ mmanya - ngwakọta mmiri) na-ekpebi ngwa ngwa cyanide ion nwere ike imeghachi na mkpụrụ. Ọ bụrụ na solubility dị oke ala, ntinye nke ion cyanide reactive na ngwọta ga-adị ala, nke nwere ike belata mmeghachi omume ahụ ma ọ bụ ọbụna gbochie mmeghachi omume ahụ nke ọma.

Nchekwa nchekwa na gburugburu ebe obibi

Ịghọta solubility nke sodium cyanide dịkwa mkpa maka nchekwa na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi. N'ihi oke nsi ya, ọ bụrụ na awụfuru sodium cyanide na mberede, solubility ya na mmiri pụtara na ọ nwere ike gbaze ngwa ngwa ma metọọ isi mmiri. sodium cyanide soluble nwere ike hapụ gas hydrogen cyanide na-egbu egbu n'ihu acid ma ọ bụ n'okpuru ụfọdụ ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi. Ọmụma nke solubility ya na-enyere aka n'ichepụta usoro njide kwesịrị ekwesị na nhazigharị ma ọ bụrụ na ihe mwụfu.

Na mmechi, sodium cyanide nwere nnukwu solubility na mmiri, nke dịgasị iche iche na okpomọkụ, na ọtụtụ ala solubility ndị ọzọ mgbaze dị ka ethanol na nnọọ ala solubility na-abụghị polar solvents. Ihe onwunwe solubility a na-ekere òkè dị ukwuu na ya Ngwa mmepụta ihe, mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ, na akụkụ ndị metụtara nchekwa.