He aha te awhe tino pai o te konutai konutai mo te rewa koura?

I roto i te umanga keri koura, ko te tango i te cyanide tetahi o ngā tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te tango koura mai i te konganuku. Ko te konutai cyanide, ina koa, he mea pai mō tōna whai huatanga, tōna pumau, me te utu iti. He mea nui te whakatau i te kukū konutai cyanide tino pai nā te mea ka pā tika ki te whai huatanga o te tango koura, ngā utu whakahaere, me ngā whakaaro taiao.

Nga Whakaaturanga Whakaaturanga

I roto i te ariā, ko te whakarewatanga o te koura i roto i te wairewa cyanide ka whai i tētahi tauhohenga matū motuhake. Mō ia karamu koura ka whakarewaina, tata ki te 0.92 karamu o te Konutai Cyanide e hiahiatia ana i runga i ngā tauhohenga hiko. Heoi, i roto i ngā horopaki o te ao tūturu, he nui ake te kai tuturu o te Konutai cyanide , he maha ngā wā 50 - 100 ngā wā o te nui o te ariā.

Nga take e pa ana ki te aro pai

Ngā Āhuatanga Ore

1. Te Kōhatu Koura : He mea nui te momo kohuke koura kei roto i te konganuku. Mena he āhua pai te koura, he mira kore utu, me rerekē te kukū o te cyanide ki te koura e hono ana ki ngā kohuke whanariki, ki ētahi atu rauemi ātete rānei. Hei tauira, i roto i ētahi uaua quartz koura, i te wāhi e mira kore utu ana te koura, he nui pea te kukū o te cyanide iti iho.

2. Rahi Matūriki me te Āheinga : Ko ngā konganuku angiangi ake he nui ake te horahanga o te mata, e āhei ai te whakapā pai ake i waenga i te otinga konutai cyanide me ngā matūriki koura. Nō reira, tera pea he whai hua te kukū cyanide iti iho. He rerekē, ko ngā konganuku angiangi ake me nui ake te kukū kia tino horoia. Hei tāpiri, ko te āheinga o ngā matūriki konganuku ka pā ki te rere o te otinga cyanide mā roto i te konganuku, ka pā ki te kukū e hiahiatia ana.

3. Te Aroaro o Ētahi Atu Konganuku : Ko te parahi, ina koa, ka kaha te tauhohe ki te konutai cyanide. Ka taea e ia te kai i te nui o te cyanide i te wā e horoia ana. Mō ia karamu o te parahi kua rewa, e 2.3 ki te 3.4 karamu o te cyanide e hiahiatia ana. Mō ngā konganuku he nui te parahi, me nui ake te kukū o te konutai cyanide kia nui ai te cyanide e wātea ana mō te whakarewa koura. Ka pā anō hoki ētahi atu konganuku pēnei i te konutea, te mata, me te rino ki te kai cyanide, ahakoa he iti iho.

Nga Tikanga Tukatuka

1. Taumata pH : He mea nui te pH o te wai horoi. Ka waikura te konutai cyanide i roto i te wai, ka puta he waikawa hydrocyanic (HCN), he hau tino paitini. Ko te nui o te waikura ka whakawhirinaki ki te pH o te wai. I te pH o te 10.5, 6.1% noa iho te waikawa hydrocyanic ka puta, i te pH o te 9.0, 67.1% ka puta. Hei whakaiti i te ngaronga o te cyanide mā te waikura, me te whakarite i te pumau o te waikura cyanide, ka puritia te pH i waenga i te 11 me te 12 i roto i ngā tipu koura CIP (Waro-i-roto-i-te-Pulp). He pānga anō hoki tēnei ki te kukū konutai cyanide tino pai, nā te mea he taiao kawakore ake, me nui ake te kukū mō te waikura koura whai hua.

2. Te Kukū Hāora Wairewa : He mea nui te hāora mō te wairewatanga o te koura i roto i te wairewa cyanide. E hiahiatia ana ngā katote cyanide (CN⁻) me te hāora (O₂) mō te tauhohenga. Ko te wairewatanga mōrahi o te hāora i te pāmahana me te pēhanga rūma he 8.2 mg/L. Mēnā he iti iho i te 4 mg/L te kukū hāora wairewa i roto i te paru, ka taea te whakawhāiti i te tere wairewatanga o te koura. I roto i ēnei āhuatanga, ka taea te werohanga i te hau ki roto i te paru, te tāpiri rānei i te hauwai waikura hei whakanui ake i te kukū hāora. He mea nui te ōwehenga o te hāora ki te cyanide; ka taea e te kore taurite te heke i te tere wairewa. I te mea ka pā te kukū hāora ki te tere o te tauhohenga, ka pā hoki ki te kukū konutai cyanide pai rawa atu. Mā te kukū hāora teitei ake ka taea te whakaiti i te kukū cyanide, me te ritenga kē.

Nga Awhe Whakakotahitanga Tikanga ki te Parakatihi

1. I roto i ngā Tukanga CIP me CIL (Waro - i roto i te - Whakarewa) : I roto i te ara iahiko CIP, CIL rānei, ina he paru te koura, ā, ka whakamahia te Waro hei mimiti i te koura rewa, ka mau tonu te kukū o te konutai cyanide i roto i te awhe o te 0.3 - 0.4 karamu ia rita (0.03 - 0.04%). Kua kitea he whai hua tēnei awhe kukū mō te whānuitanga o ngā momo kohatu i raro i ngā tikanga whakahaere noa. Heoi, mō ngā kohatu uaua ake, mō ngā mea rānei he nui ngā taumata poke, ka taea te whakatika ake i te kukū, i ētahi wā ka eke ki te 0.6 - 0.8 karamu ia rita (0.06 - 0.08%).

2. I roto i te Whakarewatanga Waipuke : He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te whakarewatanga waipuke mō ngā konganuku matotoru, ina tukatukahia rānei te konganuku i roto i ngā puranga. I roto i tēnei tukanga, he nui ake te kukū o te konutai cyanide, tata ki te 1.0 karamu ia rita (0.1%). Mā te kukū teitei ake ka ea te horahanga mata iti pea o ngā matūriki konganuku matotoru, ā, ka āwhina i te whakarite kia taea e te otinga cyanide te uru ki roto i te konganuku me te whakarewa pai i te koura.

3. Mō te Cyanidation o ngā Para : I te wā e cyanidation ana i ngā para mai i ngā mahi tukatuka o mua (pēnei i muri i te wehenga ā-papa), ka rerekē pea te kukū cyanide i runga i te toenga o te koura me te āhua o ngā para. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea e te kukū cyanide te awhe mai i te 0.5 - 2 kg/t o te konganuku, ā, ina hurihia hei kukū otinga, ka taea te noho i te awhe o te 0.05 - 0.2 karamu ia rita (0.005 - 0.02%). He nui te kukū iti iho i te nuinga o te wā nā te mea kua tukatukahia kētia ngā para, ā, he māmā ake te uru atu ki te toenga o te koura.

Te Taiao me te Haumarutanga

I a koe e whakatau ana i te kukū konutai cyanide tino pai mo te rewa koura, he mea nui kia whai whakaaro ki nga ahuatanga o te taiao me te haumaru. Ko te Cyanide he matū paitini rawa atu, a ko te tukunga ki roto i te taiao ka pa he mate kino. Ko te pupuri i te kukū tika ehara i te mea ka awhina i te tango koura pai engari ka whakaitihia te nui o te cyanide kei roto i nga awa para. I tua atu, he mea nui te whakahaere tika me te rokiroki o te konutai cyanide kia kore ai e pakaru ohorere mai.

Opaniraa

Ko te awhe kukū pai rawa atu o te konutai cyanide mō te tango koura ka rerekē i runga i ngā āhuatanga maha, tae atu ki ngā āhuatanga o te konganuku me ngā tikanga tukatuka. I te nuinga o te wā, mō te nuinga o ngā mahi tango koura pēnei i te CIP, CIL, me te tango i roto i te oko , ko te kukū kei waenga i te 0.03% - 0.1% (0.3 - 1.0 karamu ia rita). Heoi, mō ia tinana konganuku motuhake, e taunakihia ana kia whakahaerehia he whakamātautau taiwhanga taipitopito, pēnei i te huri pounamu me ngā whakamātautau pou, kia tika ai te whakatau i te kukū konutai cyanide tino tika. Mā tēnei ka whakarite kia nui rawa te whakaora koura me te whakaiti i ngā utu me ngā pānga ki te taiao.