He aha te uara pH tino pai mo te rewharewha Cyanide?

Ko te riihi Cyanide te kohatu kokonga mo te tango koura me te hiriwa mai i nga kohuke kohuke mai i te whakatinanatanga o te ahumahi i te tau 1887. Ko tenei tukanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te taurite ngawari o nga momo matū me te taiao, me te uara pH o te otinga e tu ana hei tawhā tino nui.

Ko te Take Matū kei muri i te pH i roto i te wairewa Cyanide

Ko te cyanide, i te nuinga o te wā he Sodium Cyanide (NaCN) he potassium cyanide rānei (KCN), te mea matua hei tango i te wai. Heoi, ko te taumata pH o te wai e pāngia ana e te taurite o te cyanide me te hauwai cyanide (HCN), he matū tino paitini, he pūhui pūngāwerewere hoki. I roto i te taiao waikawa (pH iti), ka neke te taurite matū ki te hanganga o te hau HCN. Ehara i te mea he nui ngā mōrearea haumaru ka puta mai i tēnei, engari ka whakaitihia hoki te wātea o ngā katote cyanide kore utu, e tika ana mō te whakarewa i te koura me te hiriwa.

Mō te tango koura me te hiriwa whai hua , me pupuri te otinga i roto i te āhua kawakore. Ina teitei te pH, ka noho tonu te cyanide i roto i tōna āhua ionic, ka taea ai e ia te hanga i ngā matatini pumau me te koura me te hiriwa. I te wā o te tukanga tango, ka puta ngā ion hauwai, ka whai wāhi atu ki te kawakore o te otinga.

Te whakatau i te Awhe pH tino pai

He maha ngā rangahau me ngā mahi ahumahi kua tautuhia he awhe pH tino pai mō te tango i te Cyanide . I te nuinga o te wā, he mea nui te uara pH neke atu i te 10.5, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā mahi he pupuri i te pH i waenga i te 11 me te 12. Anei te take:

• Te Whakanui i te Wairewatanga Koura : I te pH i roto i tēnei awhe, ka arotauhia te tere o te wairewatanga koura. Mā te peka atu i tēnei awhe ka heke te pai o te tangohanga. Hei tauira, ki te heke te pH ki raro i te 10.5, ka whakaitihia e te hanganga o te hau HCN te kukū o ngā katote cyanide kore utu, ka whakaroa i te tauhohenga ki te koura.

• Te Whakaiti i te Whakamahinga Cyanide : He hononga tata te whakamahinga cyanide ki te taumata pH. Mā ngā uara pH iti ka nui ake te whakamahinga cyanide nā te mea ka iti ake te whai huatanga o te cyanide ki te hanga matūriki. Mā te pupuri i te pH teitei, ka pumau te pumau o ngā matūriki cyanide, ka whakaiti i te whakamahinga Cyanide koretake.

• Ngā Whakaaro Haumaru : Mai i te tirohanga haumaru, he mea nui te pupuri i te pH ki runga ake i te 10.5. He tino paitini te hau HCN, ā, ahakoa he iti noa te nui ka mate. Mā te whakahaere i te pH i roto i te awhe kua tūtohutia, ka whakaitihia te hanganga o tēnei hau morearea, ka tiakina te hauora me te haumaru o ngā kaimahi i roto i ngā whare keri me te tango.

Nga take e awe ana i te pH tino pai

• Te Hanganga o te Kohuke : Tērā pea kei roto i ngā kohuke rerekē ngā poke me ngā kohuke ka pā ki te pH tino pai. Hei tauira, ko ngā kohuke he nui te whanariki me whakarerekē i te pH, nā te mea ka taea e ngā matū kei roto te whanariki te tauhohe ki te otinga cyanide ka pā ki te taiao matū whānui.

• Te Pāmahana : Ka pā anō hoki te pāmahana o te tukanga horoi ki te pH tino pai. I te huringa o te pāmahana, ka rerekē te wairewatanga o te hāora me te tere o ngā tauhohenga matū. I te nuinga o te wā, i te pikinga o te pāmahana, ka piki ake te wairewatanga o te cyanide, ā, ka heke te wairewatanga o te hāora. Tērā pea me whakarerekē te pH kia mau tonu ai ngā āhuatanga horoinga tino pai. Heoi, ko te nuinga o ngā tukanga horoinga cyanide ka mahia i ngā pāmahana taiao (tata ki te 15 - 30 °C) hei karo i te pirau nui o te cyanide me te ngaronga o te hāora.

Nga tikanga mo te Mana pH

• Te Raima (CaO) me te Houka Uku (NaOH) : Koinei ngā matū e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei whakatikatika me te pupuri i te pH i roto i te tangohanga cyanide. Ina tāpirihia te raima ki te wai, ka hangaia he konupūmā hauwaiwai, ka tauhohe ki ngā wāhanga waikawa i roto i te otinga hei whakanui ake i te pH. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te houka uku (NaOH), he turanga kaha, hei whakanui tere i te pH. Ko te kōwhiringa i waenga i ngā mea e rua e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te utu, te wātea, me ngā whakaritenga motuhake o te konganuku e tukatukahia ana.

• Ngā Pūoko pH : Hei whakarite i te whakahaere tika o te pH, ka whakawhirinaki ngā mahi keri hou ki ngā pūoko pH matatau. Ka taea e ēnei pūoko te aroturuki tonu i te pH o te otinga horoi me te whakarato raraunga wā-tūturu. I runga i ēnei raraunga, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te whakarite i te tāpiri o ngā matū whakahaere pH hei pupuri i te awhe pH tino pai.

Hei mutunga, ko te uara pH tino pai mo te riihi cyanide kei roto i te awhe o 11 - 12. Ko tenei uara ka whakatauhia e te huinga o nga tauhohenga matū, nga whakaritenga haumaru, me te hiahia mo te tangohanga koura me te hiriwa pai. Ma te ata whakahaere i te pH me etahi atu tawhā, ka taea e nga kamupene maina te whakanui ake i te whakaora mai i nga konganuku utu nui me te whakaiti i nga tupono mo te taiao me te haumaru.