Nga Tikanga me nga Tikanga mo te Tango Cyanide i nga Mata Kohuke Sulfide

Kupu Whakataki

I roto i ngā tukanga whakapai me te whakarewa o ngā konganuku whanariki konganuku kore-ferrous, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te Cyanide hei whakanui ake i ngā tere whakaora konganuku. Heoi, ko te cyanide e toe ana i runga i te mata o ngā konganuku whanariki ehara i te mea he pānga kino ki ngā rere o ngā tukanga e whai ake nei, engari he raru nui hoki ki te taiao. Nō reira, he mea tino nui te whakawhanake i ngā tikanga whai hua, ā, he pai hoki ki te taiao mō te tango i te cyanide i runga i te mata o ngā konganuku whanariki.

Te Turanga o Naianei me nga Moorearea o te toenga Cyanide i runga i nga Mata Kohuke Sulfide

Nga ahuatanga o tenei wa

I roto i nga tikanga tuku iho o nga oha sulfide, ka whakamahia te cyanide hei aukati. Ka taea e ia te whakakore i etahi kohuke e kore e hiahiatia i roto i nga kohuke sulfide, na reira ka tutuki te wehenga o nga kohuke whainga mai i nga kohuke gangue. Engari i muri i te rewa, he nui te cyanide ka uru ki runga i te mata o nga koha sulfide. E ai ki nga rangahau e tika ana, i roto i etahi o nga kaitao, ko nga ihirangi cyanide kei runga i te mata o te kohu sulfide e kukū ana i muri i te rerenga ka taea te teitei ki te maha rau mirakarama mo ia kirokaramu.

Haumaru

Mai i te tirohanga hangarau, ko te toenga cyanide ka whakararu i nga mahi whakarewa o muri mai. Hei tauira, i te wa o te whakarewanga o te konupora sulfide ores, ka hangahia e te cyanide nga matatini me te parahi, ka whakaiti i te pai o te whakarewa o te parahi me te whakanui ake i te whakapau kaha. Mai i te tirohanga taiao, he matū paitini te cyanide. Ka tukuna te wai para hiku kei roto i te cyanide ki roto i te taiao, ka whakakino i nga tinana wai me te oneone, ka whakararu i nga rauropi wai me nga otaota huri noa, ka waiho hei whakatuma mo te hauora o te tangata ma te mekameka kai.

Nga Tikanga mo te Tango Cyanide i nga Mata Kohuke Sulfide

Tikanga Haora

1. Tikanga Whakaora Matū

• Mātāpono: Whakamahia ngā waikura kaha hei waikura i te cyanide hei hanga i ngā matū iti ake te paitini, kāore rānei he paitini. Ko ngā waikura noa ko te hauwai peroxide (H2O2), te konutai hypochlorite (NaClO), me ētahi atu. Hei tauira, ko te whārite tauhohenga ko: (2CN+5H2O2 = 2HCO3 + N2↑+4H2O).

• Tukanga Whakahaere : Tuatahi, whakatakotoria te penupenu kōhatu whanariki kei roto te cyanide ki roto i te tāke tauhohenga, ā, whakatikatikahia te uara pH o te penupenu ki te awhe e tika ana (ko te tikanga, mō te whakapūngao hauwai peroxide, ko te uara pH he pai ake i waenga i te 9 - 11). Kātahi, tāpirihia mārire te otinga hauwai peroxide me te whakaoho kia tino pā te waikura, kia tauhohe ki te penupenu. Ko te wā tauhohenga he 1 - 3 hāora te nuinga, ā, ko te wā motuhake e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kukū cyanide i roto i te penupenu me ngā āhuatanga o te kōhatu.

• Ngā Painga : He tere te tere o te tauhohenga, ā, he pai te pānga tango i te cyanide, ka taea ai te whakaiti i te kukū o te cyanide ki tētahi taumata iti.

• Ngā Huakore : He nui te utu o ngā waikura pēnei i te hauwai peroxide, ā, ko te nui rawa o ngā waikura ka pā ki ngā tukanga whakapai ake, whakarewa rānei i muri mai.

Tikanga Adsorption

1.Activated Carbon Adsorption Tikanga

• Mātāpono : He nui te horahanga mata motuhake o te waro whakahohe , ā, he nui ngā pore, ka taea e ia te mimiti i te cyanide ki runga i tōna mata mā te mimiti ā-tinana me te matū.

• Tukanga Whakahaere : Tāpirihia te Waro Whakahohe ki te penupenu kōhatu whanariki kei roto te cyanide, ka whakaohokia kia pai kia piri katoa te waro whakahohe ki te cyanide i roto i te penupenu. Ko te wā mimiti he 30 meneti ki te 2 hāora. I muri i te mimiti, wehea te waro whakahohe mai i te penupenu mā te tātari, mā tētahi atu tikanga rānei.

• Ngā Painga : He māmā noa te mahi, ā, he pai te pānga mimiti ki te cyanide iti te kukū. Ka taea te hanga anō i te waro whakahohe me te whakamahi anō.

• Ngā Huakore : Mō te cyanide kukū teitei, he iti te kaha mimiti, ā, ki te kore e tika te tukatuka i te waro whakahohe kua mimitihia ka puta he parahanga tuarua.

2.Ion - Exchange Resin Adsorption Tikanga

• Mātāpono : Kei roto i ngā kapia whakawhiti-ā-iona ngā rōpū mahi motuhake ka taea te whakawhiti me ngā ā-iona i roto i te cyanide, ā, ka mimiti i te cyanide ki runga i te kapia.

• Tukanga Whakahaere : Utaina te kapia whakawhiti-ātoi ki roto i te pou whakawhiti, ā, me tuku te penupenu kōiwi whanariki kei roto te cyanide kia haere mā roto i te pou whakawhiti. Whakahaerehia te tere rere o te penupenu kia tino whakawhitia te cyanide ki te kapia. Ina kī te kapia i te mimiti, whakamahia he wai whakapūmau motuhake hei whakapūmau me te hanga anō i te kapia.

• Ngā Painga : He tino pai te whiriwhiringa mō te mimiti i te cyanide, ā, ka taea te mahi tonu.

• Ngā Huakore : He nui te utu o te kapia, he uaua te tukanga whakawairakau, ā, tera pea ka puta he wai para whakawairakau kei roto he cyanide.

Ētahi Atu Mahinga

1.Wakawa - Tikanga Whakakore Turanga

• Mātāpono : I raro i ētahi āhuatanga, ka pāngia te cyanide e ngā tauhohenga waikura i roto i ngā taiao waikawa, kawakore rānei, kia puta ai he matū iti ake te paitini, kāore rānei he paitini. Hei tauira, i roto i te āhua waikawa, ka tauhohe te cyanide ki ngā katote hauwai hei hanga waikawa hydrocyanic (HCN), ka taea te tango mā te whakapūngā; i roto i te āhua kawakore, ka waikura te cyanide hei hanga cyanate me ētahi atu matū.

• Tukanga Whakahaere : Mena ka whakamahia te waikura waikawa, tāpirihia mārire ngā otinga waikawa pēnei i te waikawa whanariki memeha ki te penupenu kōhatu kei roto te cyanide, whakatikatikahia te uara pH ki te 2 - 4, kātahi ka whakapūhautia kia memeha te waikawa hydrocyanic i hangaia. Mena ka whakamahia te waikura kawakore, tāpirihia ngā matū kawakore pēnei i te konutai hauwai, whakatikatikahia te uara pH ki te 10 - 12, kātahi ka tauhohe mō tētahi wā (te nuinga o te 2 - 4 hāora).

• Ngā Painga : He iti te utu, ā, he tino māmā te whakahaere.

• Ngā Huakore : He tino paitini te waikawa hydrocyanic i puta i te wā o te waikura waikawa, ā, me tino tiaki; he puhoi te tere o te tauhohenga waikura kawakore, ā, tera pea he iti noa te toenga cyanide e toe ana i muri i te maimoatanga.

Hoahoa Rere Tukatuka mo te Tango Cyanide i runga i nga Mata Kohuke Sulfide

Wāhanga Pretreatment

1. Te Whakatikatika i te Penupenu : Whakatikatikahia te kukū o te penupenu kōhatu whanariki i muri i te whakamānutanga. Ko te tikanga, ka whakahaeretia te kukū penupenu i waenga i te 20% - 40% mō te maimoatanga whai muri. I taua wā anō, kitea te kukū cyanide tuatahi i roto i te penupenu hei pūtake mō te whakatau i ngā tawhā tukanga whai muri.

2. Tango Parakore : Tangohia ngā paru matūriki nunui me ētahi totoka iri i roto i te penupenu mā te tātari, te whakapūpū, me ētahi atu, hei ārai i te whakararuraru i ngā tukanga maimoatanga o muri mai.

Te Waahi Tangohanga

1. Kōwhiringa Tikanga : Kōwhiria he tikanga tango tika i runga i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te kukū o te cyanide i roto i te penupenu, ngā āhuatanga o te konganuku, te utu maimoatanga, me ngā whakaritenga tiaki taiao. Hei tauira, mō te cyanide kukū teitei me ngā take kāore he āwangawanga mō te utu, ka taea te whakarite i te tikanga Whakahāora matū ; mō te cyanide kukū iti me ngā wā e aro ana ki te taiao, he pai ake te tikanga whakahāora koiora, te tikanga mimiti rānei.

2. Whakahaere Tawhā Tukanga : Mā te whakamahi i te waikura hauwai peroxide i roto i te tikanga waikura matū hei tauira, me tino whakahaere te nui o te hauwai peroxide i tāpirihia (e tatauhia ana i runga i te kukū cyanide me te whārite tauhohenga), te pāmahana tauhohenga (e 20 - 30℃ te nuinga), te uara pH (9 - 11), me te tere whakaoho (100 - 300 hurihanga ia meneti) me ētahi atu tawhā hei whakarite i te tauhohenga whai hua.

I muri i te maimoatanga

1. Wehenga Totoka-Wai : Wehea te penupenu i muri i te tango i te cyanide mā te tātari, te centrifugation, me ētahi atu hei whiwhi i ngā kukū o te kōhatu whanariki parakore me te wai para kei roto he iti noa te cyanide.

2. Te Maimoatanga o ngā Wai Para : Te maimoatanga anō i te wai para kua wehea kia tutuki ai ngā paerewa tukunga ā-motu. Ka taea te whakamahi i te waikura tuarua, te mimiti, me ētahi atu tikanga hei tango hohonu i te cyanide i roto i te wai para kia pai ai te tukunga haumaru.

Opaniraa

He maha nga tikanga mo te tango i te cyanide i runga i te mata o te koha sulfide, a kei ia tikanga ona ake painga me ona ngoikoretanga. I roto i nga tono mahi, me whai whakaaro nui ki nga ahuatanga penei i nga taonga o te ore, te kukū o te cyanide, te utu maimoatanga, me nga whakaritenga tiaki taiao ki te whiriwhiri i nga tikanga tika me nga rerenga tukanga. Na te kaha ake o nga whakaritenga tiaki taiao me te ahu whakamua tonu o te hangarau, ko te whakawhanaketanga o nga hangarau pai ake, he pai ki te taiao, me te utu iti mo te tango i te cyanide i runga i te mata o te sulfide ores te huarahi rangahau matua a meake nei. Na roto i te arotautanga tukanga tonu, e tika ana kia eke ki te kore - te tukunga o te cyanide i roto i te painga me te whakarewa i nga oha sulfide me te whakatairanga i te whanaketanga toiwhi o te umanga whakarewa kore-ferrous.