Te Hiko Tirohanga Koura mai i te Cyanide Solution

Kupu Whakataki

Kua roa te tikanga matua mō te tango koura mai i ngā konganuku ko te cyanidation. Whai muri i te tukanga tango cyanide , kei roto te koura i te otinga cyanide , e mōhiotia ana ko te otinga pregnant leach. I ngā wā o mua, ko ngā tikanga pēnei i te adsorption waro (pēnei i te tukanga Carbon-in-Column - CIC) me te containment conte (tukanga Merrill Crowe) kua whakamahia hei tango koura mai i tēnei otinga. Heoi anō, kua puta ake te electrowinning tika mai i ngā otinga cyanide hei huarahi kē atu e whai hua ana, e tuku ana i ētahi painga mō te whai huatanga, te utu, me te pānga ki te taiao.

Ko te Tikanga o te Tiaki Hiko Tika

He tukanga hikohiko te wikitoria tika. I roto i te horopaki o te tango koura mai i ngā otinga cyanide, ina tukuna he iahiko mā roto i te otinga cyanide kei roto te koura i roto i te ahua o ngā matatini aurocyanide ( Au(CN)_2^- ), ka puta ngā tauhohenga e whai ake nei i ngā irahiko:

• I te katote : Au(CN)_2^- + e^- \rightarrow Au + 2CN^-

Ko nga katote koura i roto i te matatini aurocyanide ka whiwhi i te irahiko, ka waiho hei koura whakarewa ki te mata cathode.

• I te anode : I runga i ngā āhuatanga, ka puta pea te waikura wai, te waikura rānei o ētahi atu momo i roto i te otinga. Hei tauira, 2H_2O \rightarrow O_2 + 4H^+ + 4e^-

Painga o te Electrowinning Direct

1. Ngāwari : Ki te whakaritea ki ngā tukanga maha-taahiraa pēnei i te mimiti waro, ā, muri iho ko te whakapūtanga me te wikitoria hiko (mō te CIC), ka whakaitihia e te wikitoria hiko tika te maha o ngā mahi waeine. Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te rere o te tukanga katoa, ka māmā ake te whakahaere me te tiaki.

2. Te whai huatanga o te utu : Mēnā he iti ake ngā mahi tukanga, ka iti ake pea ngā utu whakapaipai me ngā utu whakahaere. Kāore he take ki te haumi ki ngā whare whakaora waro nui (pērā i te CIC) me te hoko nui rānei i te paura konutea (pērā i te tukanga Merrill Crowe).

3. Hua Parakore Teitei : Mā te whakanoho hiko tika o te koura ka hua ake he putunga koura parakore teitei ki runga i te katote. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti i te hiahia mō ngā tukanga whakamahine whānui i muri iho, ka penapena ake i ngā utu.

4. Ngā Painga Taiao : Mā te whakakore i te whakamahinga o te konutea i roto i te tukanga Merrill Crowe, ka iti ake te whakaputanga o ngā para kei roto te konutea. Hei tāpiri, mā te whakangawari i te tukanga ka whakaitihia pea te whakamahinga matū whānui me te whakaputanga para.

Tukatuka Whakaaro

1. Te Kukū o te Wairewa : He mea nui te kukū o te koura i roto i te otinga cyanide. Ahakoa ka taea te whakamahi i te hiko tika ki ngā otinga he whānuitia ngā kukū koura, ko te tikanga ka tere ake te whakatakotoranga o ngā kukū teitei ake. Heoi, ki te mea he nui rawa ngā kukū koura, me whai hoahoa hiko motuhake hei whakarite i te whakatakotoranga ōrite.

2. Ngā Rauemi Irahiko : He mea nui te whiriwhiri i ngā rauemi irahiko. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te huruhuru kowiri tira hei rauemi katote nā te mea he nui te horahanga o te mata, e āhei ai te whakatakoto koura pai. Mō te anode, ko ngā rauemi e ātete ana ki te waikura i roto i te otinga cyanide, pērā i ngā anode pumau te rahi (DSA), te mea e pai ake ana.

3. pH me te Pāmahana : Me āta whakahaere te pH o te wairewa cyanide. Ko te tikanga, me pupuri he pH paku kawakore hei ārai i te pirau o te cyanide. Ka pā anō hoki te pāmahana o te wairewa ki te tere o te wini hiko, ā, ko te pāmahana teitei ake ka piki ake te tere o te tauhohenga engari ka piki ake pea te mōrearea o te pirau cyanide.

Tukanga Tukanga

1. Te Whakaritenga o te Otinga : Ko te otinga horoi cyanide hapu mai i te horoinga puranga, i ētahi atu tukanga cyanidation rānei, ka tukuna ki te maimoatanga o mua. Tērā pea ka uru ki tēnei te tātari hei tango i ngā totoka i whakatārewatia, nā te mea ka taea e ēnei te whakararuraru i te tukanga hikohiko me te whakapōturi i ngā ara iahiko i waenga i ngā irahiko.

2. Pūtau Whiwhi Hiko : Kātahi ka whāngaihia te otinga kua tukatukahia ki roto i te pūtau whakawhiwhi hiko. Kei te pūtau he anode me he cathode. I te wā e pāngia ana te iahiko, ka tīmata te koura ki te whakatakotoranga ki runga i te cathode.

3. Te Whakaora Koura : Kia oti te whakatakoto i te nui o te koura ki runga i te katote, ka tangohia te katote mai i te pūtau. Ka taea te tango i te koura mai i te katote mā te miihini, mā te matū rānei, i runga i te āhua o te rauemi katote. Kātahi ka whakapaia anō te koura kua tangohia kia whiwhi ai i te koura parakore teitei.

Nga Wero me te Panui Whaanui

1. Te Whakahaere i te Cyanide : Ahakoa he pai ngā painga o te tango koura hiko tika, he tūponotanga taiao me te haumaru tonu te whakamahinga o te cyanide i roto i te tukanga tango koura whānui. Tērā pea ka arotahi ngā rangahau ā muri ake nei ki te whakauru i te tango koura hiko tika me ngā tikanga tango koura rerekē, iti ake te paitini.

2. Te Whakapaunga Pūngao : He nui te pūngao hiko e hiahiatia ana mō te tukanga whakangao hiko. Ko te whakawhanake i ngā rauemi hiko me ngā hoahoa pūtau e whai hua ana ki te pūngao he wāhanga rangahau tonu.

3. Te Āhua Tauine : Pērā i ngā hangarau hou katoa, me āta arotau te whakanui ake i te mahi hiko tika mai i te tauine taiwhanga ki te tauine ahumahi kia rite ai te mahi me te whai huatanga o te utu.

Ko te tango tika i te koura mai i ngā otinga cyanide he whanaketanga hangarau nui i roto i te umanga keri koura. Mā te rangahau me te whanaketanga tonu hei aro atu ki ngā wero o nāianei, ka taea e ia te noho hei tikanga matua mō te whakaora koura i roto i ngā rā kei te heke mai.