Kodi Optimal Sodium Cyanide Concentration Range for Gold Leaching ndi chiyani?

Mu migodi ya golide, cyanide leaching ikadali imodzi mwa njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochotsa golide ku miyala. Sodium cyanide, makamaka, imakondedwa chifukwa cha mphamvu zake, kukhazikika, komanso mtengo wake wotsika. Kusankha mulingo woyenera kwambiri sodium cyanide Kukhazikika ndikofunikira chifukwa kumakhudza mwachindunji kutulutsa golide, ndalama zogwirira ntchito, komanso kuganizira zachilengedwe.

Malingaliro Ongoganizira

Mwachidziwitso, kusungunuka kwa golide mu njira ya cyanide kumatsatira kachitidwe kake ka mankhwala. Kuti gilamu iliyonse yagolide isungunuke, pafupifupi magalamu 0.92 a Sodium Cyanide amafunikira potengera electrochemical reaction. Komabe, zenizeni - zochitika zapadziko lapansi, kumwa kwenikweni kwa Sodium cyanide ndizokwera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri 50 - 100 nthawi zowerengera.

Zinthu Zomwe Zimakhudza Kukhazikika Kwabwino Kwambiri

Makhalidwe a Ore

1. Gold Mineralogy: Mtundu wa mchere wa golide womwe umapezeka mu miyalayi umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Ngati golidiyo ali mumpangidwe wabwino, waufulu - mphero, idzafunika ndende yosiyana ya cyanide poyerekeza ndi golide yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi mchere wa sulfide kapena zipangizo zina zotsutsa. Mwachitsanzo, mu golide wina - wokhala ndi mitsempha ya quartz, pomwe golideyo amakhala waulere - mphero, kutsika kwa cyanide kungakhale kokwanira.

2. Particle Kukula ndi Permeability: Ores opangidwa bwino nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi malo apamwamba, omwe amalola kulumikizana bwino pakati pa sodium cyanide solution ndi tinthu tagolide. Zotsatira zake, kutsika kwa cyanide kumatha kukhala kothandiza. Mosiyana ndi izi, ores okulirapo angafunike kuchulukirachulukira kuti awonetsetse kuti leaching yonse. Kuonjezera apo, kutsekemera kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kumakhudza kutuluka kwa njira ya cyanide kudzera muzitsulo, zomwe zimakhudza ndende yofunikira.

3. Kukhalapo kwa Zitsulo Zina: Mkuwa, makamaka, umakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi sodium cyanide. Itha kudya kuchuluka kwa cyanide panthawi ya leaching. Pa gramu iliyonse yamkuwa wosungunuka, 2.3 mpaka 3.4 magalamu a cyanide amafunikira. Mu ores okhala ndi mkuwa wambiri, kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide kungakhale kofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti pali cyanide yokwanira kuti asungunuke golide. Zitsulo zina monga zinki, lead, ndi chitsulo zimathanso kukhudza kumwa kwa cyanide, ngakhale pang'ono.

Zochita za Ndondomeko

1. Mlingo wa pH: pH ya yankho la leaching ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Sodium cyanide hydrolyzes mu yankho, kupanga hydrocyanic acid (HCN), yomwe ndi mpweya wapoizoni kwambiri. Mlingo wa hydrolysis zimadalira pH ya yankho. Pa pH ya 10.5. 6.1% yokha ya hydrocyanic acid imapangidwa, pomwe pa pH ya 9.0. 67.1% amapangidwa. Kuchepetsa kutayika kwa cyanide kudzera mu hydrolysis ndikuwonetsetsa kukhazikika kwa yankho la cyanide, pH nthawi zambiri imasungidwa pakati pa 11 ndi 12 muzomera zagolide za CIP (Carbon - in - Pulp). Izi zimakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide, chifukwa malo okhala ndi zamchere kwambiri angafunike ndende yapamwamba kwambiri kuti igwire bwino. kutulutsa golide.

2. Kusungunuka kwa Oxygen Concentration: Oxygen ndiyofunikira pakusungunuka kwa golidi mu njira ya cyanide. Zomwe zimafunikira zimafunikira ma cyanide ions (CN⁻) ndi oxygen (O₂). Kusungunuka kwakukulu kwa okosijeni kutentha ndi kupanikizika ndi 8.2 mg/L. Ngati mpweya wosungunuka mu slurry ndi wochepera 4 mg/L, ukhoza kuchepetsa kusungunuka kwa golide. Zikatero, mpweya ukhoza kubayidwa mu slurry kapena hydrogen peroxide ukhoza kuwonjezeredwa kuonjezera ndende ya okosijeni. Chiŵerengero cha okosijeni ndi cyanide n’chofunika kwambiri; kusalinganika kungayambitse kuchepa kwa mlingo wa leaching. Pamene ndende ya okosijeni imakhudza momwe ma kinetics amachitira, imakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide. Kuchuluka kwa okosijeni kumatha kuloleza kutsika pang'ono kwa cyanide, ndi mosemphanitsa.

Miyeso Yokhazikika Yokhazikika Pakuchita

1. Mu CIP ndi CIL (Carbon - in - Leach) Njira: Munthawi yanthawi zonse ya CIP kapena CIL, pomwe miyala yokhala ndi golide imakhala ngati slurry ndipo mpweya umagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsatsa golide wosungunuka, sodium cyanide concentration nthawi zambiri imasungidwa mumitundu ya 0.3 - 0.4 magalamu pa lita (0.03 - 0.04%). Mtundu wokhazikikawu wapezeka kuti ndiwothandiza pamitundu yambiri ya ore pansi pazikhalidwe zogwirira ntchito. Komabe, kwa ore ovuta kwambiri kapena omwe ali ndi milingo yonyansa kwambiri, ndendeyo imatha kusinthidwa m'mwamba, nthawi zina kufika mpaka 0.6 - 0.8 magalamu pa lita (0.06 - 0.08%).

2. Mu Vat Leaching: Kutulutsa kwa Vat nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zitsulo zolimba kwambiri kapena zikakonzedwa m'magulu. Pochita izi, kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide kumakhala kokulirapo, pafupifupi 1.0 gramu pa lita (0.1%). Kuphatikizika kwapamwamba kumalipira gawo lomwe lingakhale lotsika kwambiri la tinthu tambirimbiri tomwe timatulutsa timadzi tambiri tambirimbiri ndipo timathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti yankho la cyanide limatha kulowa mu miyalayo ndikusungunula golide bwino.

3. Kwa Tailings Cyanidation: Pamene cyaniding tailings kuchokera masitepe akale processing (monga pambuyo mphamvu yokoka kulekana), ndende ya cyanide akhoza kusiyana malinga ndi otsala golide zili ndi chikhalidwe cha michira. Nthawi zambiri, ndende ya cyanide imatha kuchokera ku 0.5 - 2 kg / t ya ore, yomwe, ikasinthidwa kukhala njira yothetsera, imatha kukhala pakati pa 0.05 - 0.2 magalamu pa lita (0.005 - 0.02%). Kutsika kwapansi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kokwanira chifukwa michirayo iyenera kuti idakonzedwa kale, ndipo golide wotsalayo ndi wofikirika.

Zachilengedwe ndi Chitetezo

Pomwe tikuzindikira kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide pakupanga golide, ndikofunikira kuganizira za chilengedwe ndi chitetezo. Cyanide ndi chinthu chapoizoni kwambiri, ndipo kutulutsidwa kulikonse m'chilengedwe kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa. Kusunga ndende yoyenera sikungothandiza kutulutsa golide moyenera komanso kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa cyanide yomwe ingakhalepo m'mitsinje yazinyalala. Kuonjezera apo, kusunga bwino ndi kusunga sodium cyanide n'kofunika kwambiri kuti tipewe kutaya kapena kutulutsidwa mwangozi.

Kutsiliza

Mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa sodium cyanide wochulukira golide umasiyanasiyana kutengera zinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza mawonekedwe a ore ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito. Ambiri, kwa golide ambiri - leaching ntchito monga CIP, CIL, ndi kuchepa kwa magazi, ndende imachokera ku 0.03% - 0.1% (0.3 - 1.0 magalamu pa lita imodzi). Komabe, pathupi lililonse la ore, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiyese mwatsatanetsatane za labotale, monga kuyesa mpukutu wa botolo ndi mzati, kuti mudziwe molondola kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide. Izi zipangitsa kuti golide abwezedwe kwambiri ndikuchepetsa ndalama komanso kuwononga chilengedwe.