Chifukwa chiyani Cyanide Ndi Yovuta Kulowa M'malo M'makampani a Electroplating?

The Pachikuz makampani akhala akudalira kwa nthawi yayitali Cyanide-mayankho okhazikika, komanso ngakhale kuyesetsa kupeza njira zina, cyanide imakhalabe chokhazikika munjira zambiri za electroplating. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zifukwa zomwe cyanide ndizovuta kusintha m'makampani opanga ma electroplating.

Zoyambira za Electroplating

Electroplating ndi njira yomwe imaphatikizapo kuyika chitsulo chochepa kwambiri pagawo laling'ono podutsa mphamvu yamagetsi kudzera mu njira ya electrolyte yomwe ili ndi ayoni achitsulo. Ma ion achitsulo mu yankho amakopeka ndi gawo lapansi loyipa (cathode), komwe amapeza ma elekitironi ndikuyikidwa ngati zokutira zitsulo zolimba.

Udindo wa Cyanide mu Electroplating

Cyanide mankhwala, monga Sodium cyanide ndi potaziyamu cyanide, amagwiritsidwa ntchito posamba ma electroplating pazifukwa zingapo zofunika:

Kutha Kwapadera Kwambiri

Ma cyanide ions (CN⁻) ali ndi kuthekera kodabwitsa kopanga zinthu zokhazikika zokhala ndi ayoni achitsulo. Mu electroplating, malowa ndi ofunikira kwambiri chifukwa amalola kuwongolera molondola kwa ma ion achitsulo aulere mu electrolyte. Popanga zitsulo-cyanide complexes, kupezeka kwa ayoni zitsulo zaulere kumachepetsedwa, zomwe zimachepetsanso kuyika kwachitsulo pa gawo lapansi. Kuyika koyendetsedwa kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti zitsulo zikhale zofanana komanso zomata.

Mwachitsanzo, siliva wa electroplating, mapangidwe a silver-cyanide complex (Ag(CN)₂⁻) amakhazikika kwambiri ma ions asiliva mu yankho. Kukhazikika kumeneku kumalepheretsa kuyika kwa siliva mwachangu komanso kosalamulirika, zomwe zikanapangitsa kuti pakhale zokutira zopanda pake, zosagwirizana. Kukhazikika kwapamwamba kosalekeza kwa siliva-cyanide kumatsimikizira kuti ayoni asiliva amamasulidwa pang'onopang'ono komanso mosasunthika panthawi ya electroplating, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mawonekedwe osalala komanso osasinthasintha pa cathode.

Ubwino Wowonjezera Wopaka

Kugwiritsa ntchito cyanide mu malo osambira a electroplating nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kupanga zokutira zokhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba. Kuyika kwapang'onopang'ono komanso koyendetsedwa bwino komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi ma cyanide kumapangitsa kuti zokutira zomwe zimakhala zowundana, zosalala, komanso kumamatira bwino ku gawo lapansi. Zovala izi zimawonetsa kukana kwa dzimbiri, kukana kuvala, komanso kukopa kokongola poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimapezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zina zopumira.

Pankhani ya plating ya golide, ma electrolyte opangidwa ndi cyanide amathandizira kuyika golide wopyapyala, wofanana ndi womwe umamatira mwamphamvu kuchitsulo chapansi pake. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito monga zodzikongoletsera ndi zamagetsi, pomwe zokutira zagolide zapamwamba, zokhalitsa ndizofunikira. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa cyanide kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zokutira zomwe sizimangowoneka zokongola komanso zogwira ntchito kwambiri, zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za mafakitalewa.

Kugwiritsa Kwakukulu

Njira zopangira ma electroplating zochokera ku cyanide ndizosunthika ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo ndi magawo osiyanasiyana. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri pakuyika zitsulo zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuziyika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zina, monga golidi, siliva, mkuwa, ndi zinki. Kuthekera kwa cyanide kupanga ma complex olimba ndi zitsulo izi kumapangitsa kukhala chisankho chabwino chokwaniritsa zokutira zapamwamba pamafakitale osiyanasiyana.

Kaya ndikuyika zida zamagetsi kapena zida zazikulu zamafakitale, makina opangira ma electroplating a cyanide atsimikizira kuti ndi njira yodalirika komanso yothandiza. Njirayi ikhoza kukonzedwa kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira zenizeni za magawo osiyanasiyana ndi ntchito, ndikupangitsa kukhala chisankho chokondedwa kwa opanga ambiri.

Zovuta Pochotsa Cyanide

Ngakhale kuti cyanide amadziwika kwambiri ndi poizoni, kuyesetsa kupanga njira zina zopindulitsa kwakumana ndi zovuta zazikulu:

Kusiyana kwa Magwiridwe

Makina ambiri opangira ma plating aperekedwa, koma ochepa atha kufananiza magwiridwe antchito a cyanide potengera mtundu wa zokutira, kuwongolera kwamitengo, komanso kusinthasintha. Njira zina zopanda cyanide nthawi zambiri zimavutika kuti zikwaniritse zofanana, zomatira, komanso kukana dzimbiri monga zokutira zochokera ku cyanide.

Mwachitsanzo, njira zina zopangira siliva zopanda cyanide zimatha kupangitsa kuti zokutira zomwe zimakhala zotsekemera komanso zosamata kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke komanso kutha. Zolepheretsa magwiridwe antchitowa zitha kukhala zovuta kwambiri pamapulogalamu pomwe kukhulupirika ndi kulimba kwa zokutira ndizofunikira kwambiri.

Kulingalira Mtengo

Kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano a non-cyanide electroplating kungakhale okwera mtengo. Mtengo wa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, komanso kufunikira kosintha zida ndi njira zomwe zilipo kale, zitha kukhala cholepheretsa kutengera makampani ambiri opanga ma electroplating. Nthawi zina, mtengo wamankhwala enanso ukhoza kukhala wokwera kuposa wa cyanide, zomwe zikuwonjezera mavuto azachuma.

Mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati opangira ma electroplating, makamaka, angavutike kufotokozera ndalama zomwe zimafunikira kuti asinthe njira zopangira zopanda cyanide. Zotsatira zandalama za kusintha kotereku zitha kukhala zolepheretsa, makamaka pamsika wampikisano komwe kuwongolera mtengo ndikofunikira.

Kugwirizana kwa Njira

Kusintha kwa electroplating yopanda cyanide kungafunike kusintha kwakukulu kwa njira zomwe zilipo kale, kuphatikizapo kusintha kwa mapangidwe osambira, malo ogwiritsira ntchito, ndi njira zopangira zinyalala. Kuonetsetsa kuti zikugwirizana ndi zipangizo zamakono ndi mizere yopangira zinthu zingakhale zovuta komanso zowononga nthawi, ndipo kusokoneza kulikonse pakupanga kungapangitse kutayika kwa zokolola ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama.

Komanso, zinyalala zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zopanda cyanide electroplating zikhoza kukhala ndi makhalidwe osiyana ndi omwe amapangidwa ndi cyanide, zomwe zimafuna kuti pakhale njira zatsopano zothandizira zowonongeka komanso zowonongeka. Izi zimawonjezera gawo lina la zovuta pakusintha.

Kutsiliza

Pomaliza, ngakhale kawopsedwe wa cyanide walimbikitsa kufunafuna njira zina zopangira ma electroplating, mawonekedwe ake apadera komanso maubwino amachitidwe ake zapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri kusintha m'makampani opanga ma electroplating. Kuthekera kwa cyanide kupanga zitsulo zokhazikika, kukulitsa mtundu wa zokutira, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zosiyanasiyana ndi magawo ang'onoang'ono kukupitilizabe kupangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri pamachitidwe ambiri a electroplating.

Komabe, kudzipereka kwamakampani pakusunga chilengedwe komanso chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito kumatanthauza kuti kusaka njira zina zopanda cyanide mosakayikira kupitilira. Monga kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo ndi ma chemistry atsopano akupangidwa, pali chiyembekezo kuti tsiku lina m'malo mogwira mtima komanso wokwera mtengo wa cyanide mu electroplating idzapezeka. Mpaka nthawi imeneyo, makampani opanga ma electroplating adzafunika kuyang'anira mosamala kugwiritsa ntchito cyanide, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezera chitetezo komanso kukonza zinyalala zoyenera kuti zichepetse kukhudza thanzi la anthu komanso chilengedwe.