Kodi mukudziwa ntchito zonse za sodium cyanide?

Sodium cyanide, yokhala ndi formula ya mankhwala NaCN, ndi mankhwala omwe nthawi zambiri amachititsa munthu kukhala wosamala chifukwa cha poizoni wake wambiri. Komabe, imagwiranso ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza momwe sodium cyanide imagwiritsidwira ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana , ikugogomezera kufunika kwake m'magawo osiyanasiyana komanso ikugogomezera kufunika kokhala ndi njira zodzitetezera mwamphamvu.

1. Makampani a Migodi - Kuchotsa Zitsulo Zamtengo Wapatali

Chimodzi mwa ntchito zodziwika bwino za Sodium Cyanide chili mumakampani opanga migodi , makamaka pochotsa golide ndi siliva. Golide, popeza ndi chitsulo chosagwira ntchito, ali ndi mphamvu kwambiri pa ma ayoni a cyanide. Pakakhala mpweya ndi madzi, sodium cyanide imayanjanitsidwa ndi golide mu miyala. Njira imeneyi, yomwe imadziwika kuti cyanidation, imalola golide kusungunuka mu yankho la cyanide, ndikulekanitsa ndi zonyansa zina mu miyala. Golide - cyanide complex yomwe imachokera imatha kukonzedwanso kuti ibwezeretse golide weniweni. Siliva imathanso kuchotsedwa mwanjira yofanana. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kugwira ntchito kwake bwino komanso mtengo wake wotsika poyerekeza ndi njira zina zochotsera. Komabe, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide mosamala kwambiri pantchito zamigodi kuti tipewe kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe komanso kuvulaza antchito.

2. Kaphatikizidwe ka Chemical - Chomangira cha Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana

Sodium cyanide imagwira ntchito ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri popanga mankhwala . Imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala osiyanasiyana ofunikira:

2.1. Kupanga Nitriles

Ma Nitrile ndi gulu la mankhwala achilengedwe okhala ndi gulu linalake logwira ntchito. Sodium cyanide ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga ma nitrile kudzera mu njira yochitira zinthu pomwe ma cyanide ion amalowa m'malo mwa atomu ya halogen mu alkyl halide. Ma Nitrile ndi ofunikira kwambiri popanga mankhwala , mankhwala a agrochemicals , ndi ma polima.

2.2. Kuphatikizika kwa Cyanuric Chloride

Cyanuric chloride amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide. Ndiwofunika kwambiri popanga utoto, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, komanso mankhwala opangira madzi. Kaphatikizidwe kake kamakhala ndi machitidwe angapo kuyambira ku sodium cyanide, ndipo mawonekedwe ake apadera amapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza pamachitidwe osiyanasiyana amankhwala.

2.3. Kukonzekera Kwazinthu Zina za Cyanide - zochokera

Sodium cyanide imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga zinthu zina za cyanide monga potassium cyanide, sodium cyanide, ndi ma cyanides osiyanasiyana achitsulo. Mankhwalawa amapeza ntchito mu electroplating, kumaliza zitsulo, komanso monga chothandizira pazochitika zina za mankhwala.

3. Makampani opanga ma Electroplating

Mu makampani opanga ma electroplating , sodium cyanide imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mabafa opangidwa ndi electroplating. Mabafa opangidwa ndi electroplating okhala ndi cyanide ndi othandiza kwambiri popanga zitsulo monga mkuwa, siliva, ndi golide. Ma ayoni a cyanide omwe ali m'bafa amathandiza kulumikizana ndi ma ayoni achitsulo, zomwe zimapereka zabwino zingapo. Zimalola kuti chitsulo chikhale chofanana kwambiri pa substrate, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsulo chikhale chosalala komanso chomata. Kuphatikiza apo, zimachepetsa polarization pa anode, kuonetsetsa kuti anode yachitsulo imasungunuka mofanana panthawi ya electroplating ndikusunga kuchuluka kwa ma ayoni achitsulo nthawi zonse m'bafa. Komabe, chifukwa cha poizoni wa cyanide, khama likupangidwa kuti pakhale njira zina zopangira ma electroplating osagwiritsa ntchito cyanide. Koma pakadali pano, electroplating yokhala ndi cyanide imagwiritsidwabe ntchito kwambiri m'mapulogalamu ena pomwe ma plating apamwamba amafunika.

4. Organic Synthesis in Pharmaceuticals and Agrochemicals

4.1. Mankhwala

Sodium cyanide imakhudzidwa ndi kaphatikizidwe ka mankhwala ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma amino acid, omwe amamanga mapuloteni. Pakuphatikiza kwa mankhwala ena, gulu la cyanide limatha kulowetsedwa m'maselo a cell pogwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide ngati poyambira. Gulu la cyanideli likhoza kusinthidwanso kudzera muzochita zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala kuti mupeze zofunikira zamankhwala amankhwala.

4.2. Agrochemicals

M'makampani agrochemical, sodium cyanide imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi herbicides. Mankhwala ena ophera tizilombo amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito cyanide - yomwe ili ndi zapakati. Agrochemicals awa amathandiza kuteteza mbewu ku tizirombo ndi udzu, potero zimakulitsa zokolola zaulimi. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide pakupanga agrochemical kumafunikiranso chitetezo chokhazikika komanso malamulo achilengedwe kuti apewe zovuta zilizonse pazachilengedwe.

5. Ntchito Zina

5.1. Kuyeretsa Zitsulo ndi Kusamalira Pamwamba

Sodium cyanide ingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyeretsa zitsulo ndi njira zochizira pamwamba. Zingathandize kuchotsa dzimbiri, sikelo, ndi zonyansa zina pazitsulo. Nthawi zina, amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala ena muzitsulo - kutsiriza ntchito kukonzekera zitsulo pamwamba pa processing zina monga kujambula kapena kupaka.

5.2. Rodenticide (Ntchito Yoletsedwa ndi Yoletsedwa)

M'mbuyomu, sodium cyanide yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati rodenticide chifukwa cha kawopsedwe wake wambiri. Komabe, chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chachikulu chomwe chimadzetsa kwa zamoyo zomwe sizimakhudzidwa, kuphatikiza anthu, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake ngati rodenticide ndikoletsedwa kapena koletsedwa m'madera ambiri. Kulowetsedwa mwangozi kapena kukhudzana ndi sodium cyanide - rodenticides ikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zowopsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala njira yosavomerezeka yowononga tizilombo nthawi zambiri.

Zilingaliro Za Chitetezo

Ngakhale kuti amagwiritsidwa ntchito kambirimbiri, sodium cyanide ndi chinthu chapoizoni kwambiri. Itha kukhala yakupha ngati itakowetsedwa, italowetsedwa, kapena kulowetsedwa pakhungu. Sodium cyanide ikakumana ndi zidulo, imatulutsa mpweya wapoizoni wa hydrogen cyanide, womwe ndi wowopsa kwambiri. M'mafakitale, ma protocol olimba achitetezo amapezeka kuti agwiritse ntchito sodium cyanide. Ogwira ntchito ayenera kuvala zida zoyenera zodzitetezera, kuphatikiza magolovesi, masks, ndi zovala zodzitetezera. Malo osungiramo sodium cyanide adapangidwa kuti ateteze kutayikira kulikonse kapena kukhudzana ndi chinyezi ndi zidulo. Pakatayikira kapena ngozi, njira zoyenera zochotsera matenda pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga hydrogen peroxide, zomwe zimatha kutulutsa sodium cyanide kuzinthu zopanda poizoni, zimakhazikitsidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Pomaliza, sodium cyanide, ngakhale kuti ili ndi poizoni, imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale angapo. Ntchito zake zimayambira pakuchotsa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali mumigodi mpaka kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mankhwala amankhwala ndi agrochemicals. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndi kugwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide ndikofunikira kwambiri kuteteza thanzi la anthu komanso chilengedwe.