Kugwiritsa Ntchito Sodium Cyanide Monga Copper Depressant mu Mgodi wa Copper-Molybdenum

Introduction

Mu njira yovuta yopangira mchere wa mkuwa ndi molybdenum, kulekanitsa bwino mchere wa mkuwa ndi molybdenum n'kofunika kwambiri kuti chuma cha mcherewo chikhale chokwera kwambiri. Sodium cyanide yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ngati mankhwala amphamvu oletsa kuzizira kuti aletse mchere wa mkuwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti molybdenum isafalikire kwambiri. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza momwe Sodium cyanide imagwiritsidwira ntchito mu mgodi winawake wa mkuwa ndi molybdenum, pofufuza momwe imagwirira ntchito, momwe imagwirira ntchito, komanso mavuto ndi mayankho okhudzana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake.

Njira Yogwira Ntchito ya Sodium Cyanide ngati Depressant

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) ndi mankhwala oletsa kupsinjika kwambiri a mchere wa sulfide monga chalcopyrite (mkuwa). Mu flotation system, Sodium Cyanide imagawanika m'madzi kuti itulutse ma cyanide ayoni (CN⁻). Ma cyanide awa amatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi ma metal ayoni pamwamba pa mchere wa mkuwa. Mwachitsanzo, ndi chalcopyrite (CuFeS₂), ma cyanide ayoni amatha kupanga ma metal-cyanide complexes okhazikika. Zomwe zimachitika zitha kufotokozedwa motere:

CuFeS₂ + 4CN⁻ → Cu(CN)₄²⁻ + FeS₂ + 2e⁻

Kuchita izi kumasungunula bwino ma ayoni amkuwa pamwamba pa chalcopyrite, ndikupanga gawo lofanana ndi hydrophilic la copper-cyanide complexes. Zotsatira zake, pamwamba pa mchere wamkuwa umakhala wosakhudzana ndi hydrophobic, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yake yolumikizana ndi thovu la mpweya mu selo loyandama. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, molybdenite (MoS₂), mchere waukulu wokhala ndi molybdenum, ndi wosalowerera kwambiri ku ma ayoni a cyanide pansi pa mikhalidwe yabwinobwino yoyandama. Molybdenite ili ndi malo achilengedwe oyandama chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka magawo, zomwe zimathandiza kuti iyende mosavuta ndi chosonkhanitsa ndi thovu la mpweya panthawi yoyandama pomwe mchere wamkuwa umachepetsedwa ndi sodium cyanide.

Nkhani Yophunzira: Mgodi wa Copper-Molybdenum

Makhalidwe a Ore

Mgodi wa copper-molybdenum uli ndi thupi la ore lomwe lili ndi mineralogy yovuta. Mchere waukulu wamkuwa ndi chalcopyrite ndi bornite, pamene molybdenum imapezeka makamaka ngati molybdenite. Mwala nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi 0.8% yamkuwa ndi 0.03% molybdenum. Kugawidwa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mchere kumasiyanasiyananso, komwe kumakhala ndi mchere wambiri womwe umabweretsa zovuta pakulekanitsa bwino.

Kuyenda kwa Flotation

1.Bulk Flotation Stage

• Pachiyambi choyamba cha ndondomeko yoyandama, njira yoyandama yochuluka imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Wosonkhanitsa monga sodium isopropyl xanthate amawonjezedwa ku zamkati za ore kuti ayandame pamodzi mchere wamkuwa ndi molybdenum. Izi zimapanga kuchuluka kwa mkuwa-molybdenum. Cholinga cha gawoli ndikulemeretsa mchere wamtengo wapatali kuchokera ku mchere wa gangue.

2.Kupatukana Flotation Stage

• Pambuyo pa kuyandama kochuluka, kuyika kwakukulu kumakonzedwanso mu gawo losiyanitsira loyandama. Sodium cyanide imawonjezeredwa ku zamkati panthawiyi. Kuchulukitsa kwa sodium cyanide kumayendetsedwa mosamalitsa kutengera zomwe zili mkuwa muzochulukira komanso zomwe zimafunikira kulekana. Nthawi zambiri, mlingo umachokera ku 300 - 500 magalamu pa tani imodzi yazambiri.

• Zamkatizo zimayikidwa mumndandanda wa akasinja owongolera kuti zitsimikizire kugawidwa kofanana kwa sodium cyanide komanso momwe amachitira ndi mchere wamkuwa. Pambuyo pakukonzekera, zamkati zimalowa m'maselo oyandama. M'maselo oyandama, mchere wamkuwa wokhumudwa umamira pansi ngati michira, pomwe molybdenite imayandama pamwamba mothandizidwa ndi thovu la mpweya ndipo imasonkhanitsidwa ngati molybdenum.

3.Molybdenum Kuyeretsa Magawo

• Kukhazikika kwa molybdenum komwe kumapezeka kuchokera pagawo lolekanitsa kumakonzedwanso kudzera m'magawo angapo oyeretsa. Mu magawo awa oyeretsera, ma reagents owonjezera amatha kuwonjezeredwa kuti apititse patsogolo chiyero cha molybdenum concentrate. Michira kuchokera pazigawo zoyeretsera nthawi zambiri imabwezeretsedwanso kumalo oyenerera polekanitsa kapena kuyandama kochuluka kuti kuwonjezere kuchira kwa mchere wamtengo wapatali.

Zotsatira za Metallurgical

1.Molybdenum Kusangalala ndi Kalasi

• Pamaso kukhazikitsa wokometsedwa sodium cyanide - zochokera ndondomeko kulekana, kuchira molybdenum mu mgodi anali mozungulira 60% ndi molybdenum maganizo kalasi pafupifupi 40%. Pambuyo posintha mosamalitsa mlingo wa sodium cyanide ndi magawo a ndondomeko, kuchira kwa molybdenum kwawonjezeka mpaka 75%. Gulu la molybdenum concentrate lasinthidwanso kukhala 45% kapena kupitilira apo nthawi zambiri.

2.Copper Depressing Effect

• Kugwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide kwachepetsa kwambiri mchere wamkuwa. Zomwe zili mkuwa mumchere womaliza wa molybdenum zachepetsedwa kuchoka pa 5% kufika kuchepera 2%. Kuchepetsa kwakukulu kwa mkuwa mu molybdenum kumangowonjezera ubwino wa mankhwala a molybdenum komanso kumachepetsanso mtengo woyenga kwambiri molybdenum concentrate mu smelting.

Mavuto ndi Mayankho pa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Sodium Cyanide

Zokhudza Zachilengedwe ndi Chitetezo

1.Poizoni wa Sodium Cyanide

• Sodium cyanide ndi poizoni kwambiri. Kutayikira kulikonse kapena kusagwira bwino ntchito panthawi yamigodi ndi kupindula kungawononge kwambiri chilengedwe komanso thanzi la anthu. Ngati kutayikira mwangozi, ma cyanide ions amatha kulowa m'nthaka ndi magwero amadzi mwachangu, zomwe zimayambitsa kuipitsa ndikuyika pachiwopsezo zamoyo zam'madzi ndi zomera.

2.Mayankho

• Malamulo Okhwima Okhudza Chitetezo : Mgodi wakhazikitsa malamulo okhwima okhudza chitetezo chosungira, kunyamula, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide. Malo osungiramo zinthu apadera okhala ndi matanki okhala ndi makoma awiri ndi njira zodziwira kutayikira kwa madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungira sodium cyanide. Antchito onse omwe amagwira ntchito yosamalira sodium cyanide ayenera kuphunzitsidwa zachitetezo nthawi zonse, kuphatikizapo njira zothanirana ndi ngozi ngati kutayikira kwa madzi kwachitika.

• Kuchiza Misozi ndi Madzi Otayidwa : Mgodi wakhazikitsa njira zamakono zochizira madzi otayidwa. Pambuyo pa njira yoyandama, misozi ndi madzi otayidwa omwe ali ndi sodium cyanide yotsala amachiritsidwa kuti achotse kapena kuchotsa poizoni mu cyanide. Njira imodzi yodziwika bwino ndi kugwiritsa ntchito hydrogen peroxide kapena hypochlorite kuti ma ayoni a cyanide alowe m'mawonekedwe osaopsa monga cyanate (CNO⁻) kapena nitrogen ndi Carbon dioxide. Madzi otayidwa omwe amachiritsidwa amawunikidwa mosamala kuti atsimikizire kuti kuchuluka kwa cyanide kumakwaniritsa miyezo yotulutsa madzi m'chilengedwe asanatulutsidwe.

Zovuta Zokhathamiritsa Njira

1.Variability mu Ore Quality

• Ubwino wa ore mumkuwa - mgodi wa molybdenum ukhoza kusiyana kwambiri. Magulu osiyanasiyana a ore amatha kukhala ndi mkuwa wosiyanasiyana - molybdenum ratios, nyimbo za mineralogical, ndi magawo a tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Kusiyanasiyana kumeneku kungakhudze mphamvu ya sodium cyanide monga chokhumudwitsa. Mwachitsanzo, mu ore okhala ndi gawo lalikulu la mchere wamkuwa wopangidwa bwino, sodium cyanide yochulukirapo ingafunike kuti mukwaniritse kupsinjika kwa mkuwa komweko.

2.Mayankho

• Kusanthula kwa Matope a Nthawi Yeniyeni : Mgodi wayika ndalama zambiri pa zipangizo zamakono zowunikira kuti achite kusanthula kwatope kwa matope omwe akubwera nthawi yeniyeni. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) ndi laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa mwachangu kapangidwe ka mankhwala a matope. Kutengera ndi zotsatira za kusanthula, mlingo wa sodium cyanide ndi ma reagents ena ukhoza kusinthidwa nthawi yake.

• Kuwongolera Njira Zogwiritsira Ntchito Chitsanzo : Chitsanzo cha masamu chapangidwa kuti chidziwitse kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide ndi magawo a njira kutengera mawonekedwe a miyala. Chitsanzochi chimaganizira zinthu monga chiŵerengero cha mkuwa ndi molybdenum, kapangidwe ka mineral, ndi kukula kwa tinthu. Dongosolo lowongolera njira zogwiritsira ntchito chitsanzochi limalola kuwongolera molondola njira yoyandama, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a kulekanitsa mkuwa ndi molybdenum ngakhale pakusiyana kwa mtundu wa miyala.

Kutsiliza

Kugwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide ngati choletsa kupsinjika kwa mkuwa mu njira yoyandama kwatsimikizira kuti ndi kothandiza kwambiri pakupangitsa kulekanitsa mchere wa mkuwa ndi molybdenum. Kudzera mu kuwongolera mosamala mlingo wa sodium cyanide, kukonza kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka kuyandama, komanso kukhazikitsa njira zokhwima zotetezera chilengedwe, mgodiwu wakwanitsa kukonza kubwezeretsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa molybdenum concentrate pomwe ukuchepetsa bwino mchere wa mkuwa. Komabe, mavuto okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide, monga nkhawa zachilengedwe ndi chitetezo komanso kukonza njira poyang'anizana ndi kusiyana kwa mtundu wa miyala, amafunika chisamaliro chokhazikika komanso kukhazikitsa mayankho oyenera. Pamene makampani opanga migodi akupita ku machitidwe okhazikika komanso ogwira ntchito bwino, kafukufuku wowonjezereka ndi chitukuko amafunika kuti apeze mankhwala ena ochepetsa kupsinjika kapena kukonza njira yomwe ilipo yochokera ku sodium cyanide kuti achepetse kuwononga chilengedwe pamene akupitilizabe kugwira ntchito bwino ndi zitsulo.