Milandu Yowombetsa ndi Kukonza Migodi yaku Russia

Mayskoye Gold Mine

Mgodi wa golidi wa Mayskoye, womwe uli m'chigawo cha Chukotka ku Russia, ndi malo ofunika kwambiri okhala ndi golide okhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta a geological. Thupi la ore ndi gawo lovuta kwambiri la mineralized breccia. Amapangidwa ndi mitsempha ya quartz yomwe imalowetsedwa mkati mwa miyala ya argillaceous altered. Mitsempha ya quartz iyi ndi magulu akuluakulu a golidi, ndipo mapangidwe awo amagwirizana kwambiri ndi zochitika zovuta za tectonic ndi hydrothermal m'deralo.

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya miyala: miyala yoyambirira , yomwe imakana kwambiri . Chikhalidwe chokana ichi makamaka chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa golide mkati mwa mchere wa sulfide, monga pyrite ndi arsenopyrite. Miyala iyi imaphimba tinthu ta golide, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri kutulutsa golideyo pogwiritsa ntchito njira zachikhalidwe. Koma miyala yosakanikirana , makamaka imapangidwa ndi quartz mica. Pamodzi ndi quartz mica, palinso feldspar, kaolin, ndi sulfides. Njira yosakanikirana yasintha mineralology ya miyalayi, zomwe zimakhudza njira yochotsera golide.

Pokonza miyala yamchere yosungunuka, imatumizidwa ku chomera cha CIL (Carbon-in-Leach). Pamene zitsanzo za miyala yamchere yosungunuka zinakonzedwa koyamba mu chomera cha CIL, kuchuluka kwa golide komwe kunabwezedwa kunali kochepa kwambiri. Izi makamaka zinkachitika chifukwa cha "preg - roasting" effect ya zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zili mu miyala yamchere. Zinthu zachilengedwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu yaikulu pa golide wa cyanide complexes, zomwe zimaba golide kuchokera ku yankho losungunuka. Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, njira ya magawo awiri idakhazikitsidwa. Choyamba, kuyandama kwa zinthu zokhala ndi kaboni kunachitika. Mu njira yoyandama iyi, osonkhanitsa ndi osakaniza adasankhidwa mosamala ndikusinthidwa kuti asiyanitse zinthu zonyamula kaboni ndi zina zonse za miyala yamchere. Pambuyo pa kuyandama, mipata yoyandama idachotsedwa. Njira imeneyi idachepetsa kuyandama kwa golide katatu. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa golide komwe kunabwezedwa kudakula kwambiri, kufika pamlingo womwe unapangitsa kuti njira yotulutsira golide ikhale yothandiza pazachuma.

Ponena za miyala yoyambira, pafupifupi 90% ya golide imapezedwa kudzera mu kuyandama. Njira yoyandama imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zosonkhanitsa, zofufutira, ndi zosinthira. Zinthuzi zimakonzedwa mosamala kuti zigwire mchere wa sulfide womwe uli ndi golide. Sulfide concentrate yomwe yapezeka, yokhala ndi golide wambiri ndi sulfide, imanyamulidwa mtunda wautali kupita ku chomera ku Amur. Pa chomera ichi, concentrate imadutsa mu oxidation, yomwe ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri yophwanya mchere wa sulfide ndikutulutsa golide wobisika. Pambuyo pa oxidation, kuyamwa kwa thanki ya cyanide kumachitika. Yankho la cyanide limakumana ndi golide, ndikupanga golide wosungunuka - ma cyanide complexes omwe amatha kukonzedwanso kuti apezenso golide.

Golide Mulu Wa Zinyalala za Golide

M'mabizinesi aku Russia - migodi, milu ya zinyalala ndi gwero lofunikira pakubwezeretsa golide wachiwiri. Milu ya zinyalala iyi ndi zinthu zomwe zidachitika m'mbuyomu migodi ndi kukonza. Ali ndi golidi wochuluka, yemwe sanapezeke mokwanira panthawi yoyamba yochotsa. Golide m'milu ya zinyalala nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza tinthu tating'ono tagolide tating'onoting'ono, tinthu tating'ono ta golide, ndi golide wonyezimira pamwamba pa mchere wina.

Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwa golide wochotsedwa m'milu ya zinyalala izi kudzera mu percolation cyanidation kumatha kufika 75% - 82%. Percolation cyanidation ndi njira yomwe yankho la cyanide lochepetsedwa limapopedwa kapena kudonthezedwa pa mulu wa zinyalala. Yankho la cyanide limadutsa mu mulu wa zinyalala, ndikuchitapo kanthu ndi golide ndikupanga golide wosungunuka - cyanide complexes. Kenako ma complexes amenewa amasonkhanitsidwa pansi pa mulu wa zinyalala kuti apitirize kukonzedwa.

Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mchere mu milu ya zinyalala, pali zovuta zingapo. Mchere wochepa - fineness minerals umapangitsa kuti njira yogwirira ntchito ikhale pang'onopang'ono. Izi zikutanthauza kuti yankho la cyanide limatenga nthawi yayitali kuti lilowe mu mulu wa zinyalala, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yonse ya leaching. Kuphatikiza apo, kupewa kuwonongeka kosasunthika kwa mulu wa zinyalala ndikofunikira kwambiri. Kulemera kwa mulu wa zinyalala ndi momwe mankhwala amagwirira ntchito panthawi yokhetsa zinyalala zingapangitse mulu wa zinyalala kugwa kapena kusakhazikika. Kuti athane ndi mavutowa, kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuti mulu wa zinyalala uyenera kuchepetsedwa. Njira imodzi ndi yotentha - kuyanika kwa mpweya, kumene mulu wa zinyalala umawumitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wotentha kuti ukhale wabwino. Njira ina ndiyo kusakaniza mulu wa zinyalala ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali. Kusakaniza kumeneku kukhoza kupititsa patsogolo kapangidwe ka mulu wa zinyalala, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwambiri ku percolation ya leaching solution ndi kupititsa patsogolo kukhazikika kwa mulu wa zinyalala.

Shaanxi United Chemical: Wokondedwa Wanu Wabwino

Kampaniyi imapereka sodium cyanide ndi zonse zotsika mtengo komanso zapamwamba. Sodium cyanide ndiye reagent yofunika kwambiri pakupanga golide. Mtengo - wogwira sodium cyanide woperekedwa ndi Shaanxi United Chemical zimathandiza mgodi kuchepetsa ndalama zopangira pamene zikuwonetsetsa zotsatira za leaching zapamwamba. Komanso, kampaniyo sikungoyima pazogulitsa. Amapereka chithandizo chokwanira chaukadaulo ku mgodi. Izi zikuphatikiza upangiri wa akatswiri pa mlingo woyenera wa sodium cyanide molingana ndi mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya ore, chitsogozo cha kasungidwe kotetezeka ndi kasamalidwe ka sodium cyanide, komanso thandizo lokhazikitsa njira zoyendetsera bwino.