Mfundo Zazikulu Pakuchotsa Golide Kupyolera mu Kuphwanyidwa ndi Kudumphira mu Migodi ya Golide

Golide m'zigawo mwa kuphwanya ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi ndi njira yogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwambiri mu mgodi wagolide makampani. Kuti awonetsetse kuti golide wokhazikika komanso wokhazikika, ogwira ntchito ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa mbali zambiri panthawi yonseyi.

1. Kusanthula Katundu Wa Ore

Mineral Composition

Kumvetsetsa golide ndi mchere wogwirizana nawo mu ore ndikofunikira kwambiri. Izi zimathandizira kudziwa ngati njira yodulira milu ikugwira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ngati miyalayo ili ndi mchere wambiri wotsutsana, pangafunike kukonzanso.

Kugawa Kwakukulu kwa Particle

Pambuyo kuphwanya, tinthu kukula kwa ore ayenera kukhala yunifolomu. Oversized particles kungayambitse chosakwanira leaching, pamene undersized particles akhoza kupanga chindapusa kwambiri, kulepheretsa njira malowedwe.

2. Kuphwanya Njira

Zida Zophwanyira

Sankhani zophwanyira zoyenera, monga zophwanya nsagwada ndi zophwanya ma cone. Makinawa amapangidwa kuti aziphwanyira miyalayo kuti ifike pamlingo wofunikira. Mwachitsanzo, ma crushers a nsagwada ndi othandiza pakuphwanya koyambirira, pomwe zophwanya ma cone ndizoyenera kuphwanya chachiwiri komanso chapamwamba.

Particle Size Control

Nthawi zambiri, kukula kwa tinthu kuyenera kuyendetsedwa pakati pa 10 - 30 millimeters. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timachepetsa kuchuluka kwa leaching, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tingayambitse mavuto ndi njira yothetsera vuto chifukwa chopanga chindapusa.

3. Kukonzekera kwa Milu Leaching Sites

Kusankhidwa Kwamasamba

Sankhani malo athyathyathya komanso osatha kuti mulumikize milu. Izi zimathandiza kupewa kutayikira kwa njira, komwe kungawononge chilengedwe.

Chithandizo cha Impermeability

Yalani nembanemba yosalowetsedwa kuti zingwe zisalowe pansi. Izi ndizofunikira pachitetezo cha chilengedwe komanso leaching yogwira ntchito.

4. Kusankha ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Leaching Agents

Leaching Agents

Sodium cyanide Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati leaching agent. Kukhazikika kwa Sodium cyanide iyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamalitsa mkati mwa 0.05% - 0.1%. A mkulu ndende kumawonjezera mtengo, pamene ndende otsika amachepetsa leaching mlingo.

Kuwongolera Mtengo wa pH

Pitirizani kukhala ndi pH ya yankho la leaching pakati pa 10 - 11. Izi zimathandiza kupewa kuwonongeka kwa cyanide, kuonetsetsa kuti njira yowotchera ikugwira ntchito.

5. Mulu Leaching Ntchito

Kuwongolera Kutalika kwa Mulu

Kutalika kwa mulu nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 3 - 6 metres. Mulu wochuluka kwambiri ukhoza kulepheretsa njira kulowa, pamene mulu wochepa kwambiri umachepetsa kupanga bwino.

Kupopera Mphamvu

Yesetsani kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pa 5 - 10 L/m²·h. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mopitirira muyeso kumabweretsa kutayika kwa yankho, pomwe kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kosakwanira kumakhudza zotsatira za leaching.

6. Kasamalidwe ka Leachate

Leachate Collection

Onetsetsani kuti mwatolera bwino zotayirira kuti mupewe kuwonongeka komanso kuwononga chilengedwe. Njira yosonkhanitsira yopangidwa mwaluso ndiyofunikira kuti golide abwezeretsedwe.

Leachate Recycling

Bwezeraninso leachate kuti muwongolere kubweza golide ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa reagent. Izi sizimangowonjezera mphamvu komanso zimachepetsa ndalama.

7. Kuteteza Zachilengedwe

Chithandizo Chinyalala

Chepetsani nyerere musanayikhetse kuti mupewe kuwononga chilengedwe. Izi zingaphatikizepo njira monga kugwa kwa mankhwala ndi kusefera.

Kutaya Michira

Moyenera kutaya tailings pambuyo leaching kupewa yachiwiri kuipitsa. Zosankha zimaphatikizapo kusungirako kotetezeka m'mayiwe a tailings kapena kukonza kwina.

8. Kusamalira Chitetezo

Kuwongolera kwa Cyanide

Cyanide ndi poizoni kwambiri. Tsatirani njira zoyendetsera bwino kuti mupewe kutayikira komanso kupha poizoni. Izi zikuphatikizapo kusungirako bwino, kusamalira, ndi kunyamula cyanide.

Chitetezo cha Anthu

Oyendetsa galimoto ayenera kuvala zida zodzitetezera zoyenera. Kuphunzitsidwa nthawi zonse n'kofunikanso kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yotetezeka.

9. Kukonza Zida

Kuyendera Nthawi Zonse

Yang'anani pafupipafupi kuphwanya, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, ndi zida zina kuti muwonetsetse kuti zikuyenda bwino. Izi zimathandiza kuzindikira mavuto omwe angakhalepo asanayambe kusokoneza kwambiri.

Kukonza Kwanthawi yake

Konzani zolakwika zilizonse mwachangu kuti musachedwe kupanga. Zida zosamalidwa bwino ndizofunikira kuti zipangidwe mosalekeza komanso moyenera.

10. Kuwongolera Mtengo

Mtengo wa Reagent

Konzani kugwiritsa ntchito ma reagents kuti muchepetse ndalama. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kusintha kuchuluka kwa reagent kutengera zinthu za ore ndi zotsatira za leaching.

Kuwongolera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu

Konzani njira zophwanyira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuti muchepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Izi sizingochepetsa ndalama zokha komanso zimathandizira kuti chilengedwe chisamawonongeke.

Pomaliza, kutulutsa golide Kupyolera mu kuphwanya ndi mulu leaching kumafuna kuganizira mozama za katundu wa ore, magawo a ndondomeko, kuteteza chilengedwe, ndi kasamalidwe ka chitetezo. Popereka chidwi ku mfundo zazikuluzikuluzi, ogwira ntchito angathe kukweza mitengo yobwezeretsa golide ndikupeza chitukuko chokhazikika mumsika wa migodi ya golide.