Kusamalira Motetezeka Ma Cyanides / Sodium Cyanide

Introduction

Ma Cyanides, makamaka Sodium Cyanide , ndi zinthu zoopsa kwambiri. Kusagwiritsa ntchito bwino mankhwala kungayambitse mavuto aakulu pa thanzi, kuipitsa chilengedwe, komanso kuyika miyoyo pachiwopsezo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kumvetsetsa bwino ndikutsatira mosamala njira zodzitetezera pochita ndi mankhwala awa.

Zida Zodzitetezera (PPE)

Chitetezo cha Kumapuma

Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chopumira chokha (SCBA) chokhala ndi chigoba chodzaza nkhope. Popeza kuti Cyanides imatha kupumidwa ngati fumbi, utsi, kapena mpweya, njira iyi ndi yofunika kwambiri. SCBA iyenera kukhala ndi fyuluta ya mpweya wabwino kwambiri (HEPA) kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe tili ndi cyanide tisalowe m'thupi.

Zovala Zoteteza

Valani suti yosalowa mankhwala yopangidwa ndi zinthu monga Tyvek kapena neoprene. Sutiyo iyenera kuphimba thupi lonse, kuphatikizapo manja, mapazi, ndi mutu. Ndikofunikira kuvala magolovesi osalowa madzi opangidwa ndi mphira wa butyl kuti muteteze manja. Nsapato zotetezera zokhala ndi zala zachitsulo ndi zidendene zosalowa mankhwala ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti mapazi asakhudze ma cyanides.

Chitetezo cha M'maso

Kuphatikiza pa chigoba cha nkhope cha SCBA, magalasi amadzi - splash ayeneranso kukhala ndi zida. Magalasi awa amatha kupereka chitetezo chowonjezera kuti atseke zitsulo za cyanide kuti zisagwe m'maso.

Kusamalira Njira Zodzitetezera

yosungirako

Ma Cyanides ayenera kusungidwa pamalo osankhidwa bwino komanso opatsa mpweya wabwino, kutali ndi magwero a kutentha, ma acid, ndi zinthu zopangitsa kuti ma oxidants ayambe kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu ndi ma acids kuti apange mpweya woopsa kwambiri wa hydrogen cyanide. Zidebe zosungira ziyenera kutsekedwa bwino ndikulembedwa bwino dzina la mankhwala, machenjezo okhudza zoopsa, ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito.

Kusamutsa ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito

Mukasamutsa ma cyanides kuchokera ku chidebe chimodzi kupita ku china, gwiritsani ntchito ma fanizi apadera ndi zida zosamutsa zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ma cyanides. Kuthira mwachindunji ndi dzanja ndikoletsedwa. M'malo opangira ma labotale kapena mafakitale, ntchito zonse zomwe zimakhudzana ndi ma cyanides ziyenera kuchitidwa mu fume hood kuti utsi wapoizoni usafalikire kumalo ogwirira ntchito.

Gwiritsani ntchito sikelo zoyezera zoyezera kapena zida za volumetric kuti muyeze bwino ma cyanide. Pewani kwambiri - kuyeza kapena kutayikira, chifukwa ngakhale cyanide yaying'ono imatha kubweretsa zoopsa.

Emergency Response Plan

Training

Ogwira ntchito onse omwe angakhudzidwe ndi cyanides ayenera kuphunzitsidwa njira zothanirana ndi ngozi zadzidzidzi . Zomwe zili mu maphunzirowa zikuphatikiza kuzindikira zizindikiro za poizoni wa cyanide (monga mutu, chizungulire, kupuma mofulumira, kutaya chikumbumtima, ndi zina zotero) komanso kudziwa njira zogwiritsira ntchito njira zothanirana ndi ngozi.

Zida Zadzidzidzi

Malo osambitsira maso mwadzidzidzi ndi shawa yachitetezo ayenera kuperekedwa pamalo ogwirira ntchito. Pakhungu kapena kukhudzana ndi maso ndi ma cyanides, kuthamangitsidwa mwachangu ndi madzi ambiri ndikofunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala apadera a cyanide monga hydroxocobalamin, sodium nitrite, ndi sodium thiosulfate ayenera kusungidwa pamalopo, koma ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito motsogozedwa ndi akatswiri azachipatala.

Njira zotulutsiramo zomveka bwino ndi ndondomeko ziyenera kupangidwa. Kukachitika kuti cyanide yatsitsidwa kapena kutulutsidwa, ogwira ntchito ayenera kudziwa momwe angatulukire m'deralo mwachangu komanso motetezeka.

Kutaya Cyanides

Mankhwala Chithandizo

Imodzi mwa njira zodziwika bwino zochizira cyanide - zomwe zimakhala ndi zinyalala ndi okosijeni wamankhwala. Sodium hypochlorite (bulichi) angagwiritsidwe ntchito oxidize cyanides kukhala zinthu zochepa poizoni. Izi ziyenera kuyendetsedwa bwino pamalo olowera mpweya wabwino. General reaction formula ndi motere:

2NaCN + 5NaClO + H₂O → N₂ + 2NaHCO₃ + 5NaCl

Njira ina ndikugwiritsa ntchito hydrogen peroxide pansi pa chothandizira. Izi zimathanso kusintha ma cyanides kukhala zinthu zopanda poizoni.

Kusalowerera ndale

Pambuyo pa chithandizo cha okosijeni, yankho lingafunike kuchepetsedwa. Ngati njira yothetsera vutoli ndi acidic chifukwa cha makutidwe ndi okosijeni, maziko monga sodium hydroxide angagwiritsidwe ntchito kusintha pH kufunika kwa ndale (pH 6 - 9).

Kutaya Kwamalamulo

Ma cyanides akathandizidwa ndikuchotsedwa, zinyalala zomwe zimapangidwazo ziyenera kutayidwa motsatira malamulo amderalo, boma, komanso boma. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatanthawuza kutumiza zinyalalazo kumalo omwe ali ndi chilolezo chotaya zinyalala zangozi.

Kutsiliza

Kugwira ma cyanides, makamaka sodium cyanide , kumafuna kusamala kwambiri komanso kutsatira njira zodzitetezera. Kuyambira kusankha zida zoyenera zodzitetezera, kupanga Ndondomeko Yoyankha Mwadzidzidzi , mpaka njira zotayira zinthu mosamala, gawo lililonse la njira yogwiritsira ntchito liyenera kuganiziridwa mosamala. Mwa kutsatira malangizo awa mosamalitsa, titha kuchepetsa zoopsa zokhudzana ndi zinthu zoopsa kwambirizi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ogwira ntchito ndi chilengedwe ali otetezeka.