Zofunikira Zoyang'anira Chitetezo cha Cyanides

C yanides amatanthauza mitundu yolimba komanso yothandiza ya Sodium cyanide ndi potassium cyanide. Kuyang'anira Chitetezo cha cyanides kumagwira ntchito pakukonzekera, kukonza, ndi kusankha malo, kapangidwe, kupanga, kusungira, mayendedwe, Kupulumutsa Anthu Mwadzidzidzi , ndi kasamalidwe ka chitetezo cha mabizinesi omwe amapanga cyanide.

I. Kukonzekera, Kupanga, ndi Kusankha Malo

Mapulojekiti atsopano omanga, kukonzanso, ndi kukulitsa a Cyanides ayenera kukonzedwa mokwanira komanso mwanzeru. Kusankha malo kuyenera kugwirizana ndi chitukuko cha zachuma cha m'deralo ndi mapulani otukula mizinda ndi kumidzi ndipo kuyenera kumangidwa mkati mwa malo opangira mankhwala. Mapulojekiti atsopano omanga, kukonzanso, ndi kukulitsa a cyanides, monga mapulojekiti omanga mankhwala oopsa, ayenera kuyesedwanso zachitetezo motsatira malamulo ndi malamulo adziko lonse.

II. Kupanga

Pazomanga zatsopano, kukonzanso, ndi kukulitsa ma cyanides, makina owongolera okha ndi batani loyimitsa mwadzidzidzi lomwe limakwaniritsa zofunikira zachitetezo ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa. Mapangidwe a pulojekitiyi akuyenera kuchitidwa ndi gulu lokonzekera lomwe lili ndi ziyeneretso zofananira, ndipo kapangidwe kake kayenera kutsatira mosamalitsa makonzedwe ndi miyezo yomwe mapulojekiti owopsa amafunikira kutsatira.

III. Chitetezo Chopanga

Zinthu zapaipi yamadzimadzi a hydrocyanic acid ziyenera kukhala 304 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kapena pamwamba, ndi zida zina zopangira ndi kusungirako zida ndi mapaipi olumikizana mwachindunji ndi cyanides ziyenera kukhala 304 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.

Chipangizo chopangira cyanide chiyenera kukhala ndi payipi yotolera zimbudzi kuti itulukire kumalo opangira zimbudzi. Mapaipi osonkhanitsira madzi a cyanide ayenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri komanso zoletsa kutulutsa. Pamene zipangizo za carbon steel zimasankhidwa, anti-corrosion and anti-seepage treatment iyenera kuchitidwa. Pansi pa konkire ya malo opangirapo ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi anti-corrosion ndi anti-seepage miyeso. Mdzenje wa mapaipi apansi panthaka uyenera kuthiriridwa ndi njira zoletsa dzimbiri komanso zoletsa kuphulika pogwiritsa ntchito konkriti yolimbitsidwa.

Chida choyamwitsa mowa wa alkali chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti chikhale chotsegulira mwadzidzidzi pachipangizo chopangira madzi a cyanide. Mphamvu ya mpope yopopera ya mowa wa alkali iyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yosungira kuti ikwaniritse kusintha kofulumira.

Dongosolo la mpweya wozungulira sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pantchito. Kutalika kwa milu yotulutsa mpweya wa mchira ndi zida zam'deralo zikuyenera kukhala zosachepera 25 metres.

Pogwira ntchito m'malo oopsa momwe mpweya wapoizoni ndi woopsa umapangidwira, payenera kukhala oposa awiri ogwira ntchito. Mmodzi akugwira ntchito pamene wina akuyang'anira, ndipo ogwira ntchito ayenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi yonseyi. Malo aliwonse opangira ndi kusungirako ayenera kukhala ndi zida zopumira mpweya wa okosijeni zopitilira ziwiri komanso zida zazitali zopumira.

IV. Chitetezo Chosungira

Malo osungiramo ma cyanides olimba ayenera kukhala odzipereka, osungidwa pamalo abwino komanso owuma. Dongosolo la "awiri awiriawiri" la kulandila ndi kutumiza anthu awiri, kuwerengera anthu awiri, maloko awiri, mayendedwe a anthu awiri, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito anthu awiri ayenera kukhazikitsidwa mosamalitsa, ndipo alamu ya maola 24 iyenera kukhazikitsidwa.

Tanki yosungiramo madzi a cyanide iyenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zosagwirizana ndi alkali. Cyanide yamadzimadzi iyenera kukhazikika bwino isanalowe m'thanki yosungiramo, ndipo kutentha kwa thanki yosungirako kuyenera kukhala kosachepera 25 ° C kuteteza polymerization ndi kuwola kwa madzi a cyanide. Tanki yosungiramo iyenera kukhala ndi alamu yokulirapo yamadzimadzi komanso chida cholumikizira chodziwikiratu chodulira chakudya pamene mulingo wamadzimadzi wakwera kwambiri. Malo osungiramo madzi ayenera kukhazikitsidwa, nthaka iyenera kukonzedwa ndi anti-seepage miyeso, ndipo tanki yosinthira kapena dziwe losungiramo madzi liyenera kukhala ndi zida.

V. Chitetezo Pamayendedwe

Ntchito zokweza ndi kutsitsa ma cyanide ziyenera kuchitika motsogozedwa ndi ogwira ntchito yoyendetsa ndi kutsitsa katundu pamalopo. Asanayambe komanso atatsitsa ndi kutsitsa katundu pa galimoto yonyamula katundu, iyenera kutsukidwa bwino. Ogwira ntchito yoyendetsa ndi kutsitsa katundu ayenera kuyang'ana mosamala ngati zofunikira ndi kuchuluka kwa ma cyanide zikugwirizana ndi zikalata zotumizira katundu; woyang'anira ayenera kunyamula khadi la Chitetezo cha Katundu Woopsa pamsewu komanso malangizo aukadaulo a ma cyanide. Pa magalimoto a matanki onyamula ma cyanide amadzimadzi, thanki ya galimoto iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikuyesedwa mkati mwa nthawi yoyenera.

Ma cyanides amadzimadzi ayenera kunyamulidwa ndi mapaipi mkati mwa fakitale. Zinthu zapaipi yamayendedwe ziyenera kukhala zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zosachepera 304. Madoko olumikizira amatha kukhala ma flanges, ndipo mbali zina ziyenera kuwotcherera. Ma welds ayenera kuyesedwa 100% kuti azindikire zolakwika. Kutentha kwa mayendedwe sikuyenera kupitirira 25 ° C, ndipo jekete lakunja la payipi liyenera kuperekedwa ndi njira zoziziritsa kuzizira. Njira yothetsera vutoli iyenera kutsatiridwa ndi njira yozungulira. Chida cholumikizira cha alamu yagasi wapoizoni ndi kutseka basi kwa vavu yodulira ziyenera kuyikidwa pamphepete mwa payipi yonyamulira kapena pamalo pomwe kutayikira kungachitike. Paipi ya mayendedwe iyenera kukhala ndi chipangizo chowuzira chingwe, chomwe makamaka chimakhala cholumikizira chowozera pang'ono. Ntchito ikamalizidwa, gasi wa inert ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwombera madziwo mu thanki yosungiramo, ndipo chipangizo chochotsera zinyalala chiyenera kuikidwa pa doko lotulutsa madzi.

VI. Kupulumutsa Mwadzidzidzi

Mabizinesi opanga ma cyanide akuyenera kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza mabungwe azadzidzidzi komanso magulu adzidzidzi anthawi zonse (anthawi yochepa), kukonza zida zadzidzidzi ndi zida zomwe zili zoyenera kulimbana ndi zoopsa zabizinesi, kukonza mapulani oyankha mwadzidzidzi, ndikuwongolera nthawi zonse pakagwa mwadzidzidzi. Mlingo wa cyanide womwe umayang'aniridwa pamalowo uyenera kukhala wosakwana 1mg/m³, ndipo bolodi lazidziwitso likhazikitsidwe.

Ufa wouma ndi mchenga zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuzimitsa moto. Zozimitsa moto za carbon dioxide ndi acid-base fire n'zoletsedwa kuzimitsa moto. Ozimitsa moto ayenera kuvala masks a gasi ndi zovala zopanda moto komanso zotsutsana ndi poizoni ndikulimbana ndi mphepo yamkuntho. Mabwalo amayenera kumangidwa kuti azitolera zimbudzi zozimitsa moto kuti azithirapo mankhwala, ndipo zisatayidwe mwachisawawa.

Pamene pali kutayikira, yesetsani kudula gwero lotayira momwe mungathere kuti doko lotayirira lisakhumane ndi madzi. Khalani kutali ndi malo otayikira, chotsani anthu osayenera, ndikudula malire a chenjezo. Samalani kuti mukhale chete. Ndizoletsedwa kuti zinthu zotayira ziziyenda m'malo oletsedwa monga mabwalo amadzi, mapaipi apansi panthaka, kapena ngalande zotulutsa madzi osefukira.