Kusintha kwa Navigating: Tsogolo Lamulo la Makampani a Chemical

Zomwe zikuchitika padziko lonse lapansi zikusintha mwachangu, zomwe zikukhudza momwe mankhwala amapangidwira zaka zana zapitazi. Monga msika waukulu wa ogula padziko lonse lapansi, China pang'onopang'ono ikugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri yosintha mankhwala. Makampani opanga mankhwala ku Europe akupitilizabe kupita kumakampani opanga mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri, ndipo makampani opanga mankhwala aku North America akuyambitsa "kusintha kwapadziko lonse" kwa malonda a mankhwala. Makampani opanga mankhwala ku Middle East ndi Eastern Europe akukulitsa pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa mafakitale, kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo komanso mpikisano wapadziko lonse. Makampani opanga mankhwala padziko lonse lapansi akugwiritsa ntchito zabwino zawo kuti apititse patsogolo chitukuko, ndipo machitidwe amakampani opanga mankhwala padziko lonse lapansi angasinthe kwambiri mtsogolo.

Chitukuko chamakampani opanga mankhwala padziko lonse lapansi chikufotokozedwa mwachidule motere:

"Awiri" Carbon"Kachitidwe kameneka kangasinthe momwe makampani ambiri opanga mafuta amagwirira ntchito"

Mayiko ambiri padziko lapansi adalengeza motsatizana kuti dziko la China lidzafika pachimake cha carbon mu 2030 ndikukwaniritsa kusalowerera ndale kwa carbon mu 2060. Ngakhale kuti panopa "carbon wapawiri" ndi yochepa, nthawi zambiri, "carbon wapawiri" akadali muyeso umene dziko liyenera kutenga kuti lithane ndi kutentha kwa nyengo.

Popeza Makampani Ogulitsa Petro ndi gawo lalikulu la mpweya wotulutsa mpweya, ndi bizinesi yomwe ikuyenera kusintha kwambiri pamayendedwe apawiri a carbon. Kusintha kwaukadaulo kwamakampani amafuta a petrochemical kuti athane ndi njira yapawiri ya kaboni nthawi zonse kwakhala chidwi chamakampani.

Pansi pa njira yapawiri ya kaboni, njira zosinthira zamafuta aku Europe ndi America padziko lonse lapansi ndizofanana. Pakati pawo, zimphona zazikulu zamafuta zaku America ziziyang'ana kwambiri pakupanga matekinoloje okhudzana ndi kusindikiza kaboni, ndikukulitsa mwamphamvu mphamvu za biomass. Zimphona zazikulu zamafuta ku Europe ndi mayiko ena asintha malingaliro awo ku mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, magetsi oyera ndi mbali zina.

M'tsogolomu, pansi pa chitukuko cha "dual carbon", makampani opanga mankhwala padziko lonse akhoza kusintha kwambiri, ndipo zimphona zina zapadziko lonse zamafuta zikhoza kusintha kuchokera kwa omwe amapereka mafuta oyambirira kupita ku opereka mphamvu zatsopano, kusintha momwe makampani akuyendera zaka zana zapitazi.

Makampani opanga mankhwala padziko lonse lapansi apitiliza kufulumizitsa kusintha kwadongosolo

Ndi chitukuko cha makampani apadziko lonse lapansi, kukweza kwa mafakitale ndi kukweza kwazinthu zomwe zimabweretsedwa ndi msika wamagetsi kwalimbikitsa msika watsopano wamafakitale komanso kulimbikitsa kusintha kwatsopano ndi kukweza kwamakampani opanga mankhwala padziko lonse lapansi.

Kumbali imodzi, ndi kukweza mphamvu za biomass ndi mphamvu zatsopano; kumbali ina, ndi zipangizo zatsopano, zipangizo zogwirira ntchito, mankhwala apakompyuta, mafilimu, zatsopano Zothandizira, ndi zina zotero. Motsogozedwa ndi zimphona zapadziko lonse lapansi za petrochemical, kukweza kwa makampani opanga mankhwala padziko lonse lapansi kudzazungulira zinthu zatsopano, sayansi ya moyo ndi sayansi ya chilengedwe.

Kupepuka kwa zinthu zopangira mankhwala kwabweretsa kusintha kwapadziko lonse lapansi pamapangidwe azinthu zama mankhwala

Ndi kukula kwa mafuta a shale ku United States, dziko la United States lasintha kuchoka paoyamba kutumiza mafuta osapsa mpaka kufika pamtengo waposachedwa wamafuta osakanizidwa, zomwe sizinangobweretsa kusintha kwakukulu pamapangidwe amphamvu a United States, komanso zidakhudza kwambiri mphamvu yapadziko lonse lapansi. Mafuta a shale aku US ndi mafuta opepuka, ndipo kukwera kwamafuta a shale ku US kwawonjezeranso kuchuluka kwamafuta padziko lonse lapansi.

Komabe, ponena za China, China ndiyomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta amafuta padziko lonse lapansi. Ntchito zambiri zoyenga ndi kuphatikiza mankhwala zomwe zikumangidwa zimakhazikitsidwa makamaka pakukonza mafuta amafuta, omwe amafunikira osati mafuta opepuka okha komanso mafuta olemera kwambiri.

Kutengera momwe kapezedwera ndi kufunikira, zikuyembekezeka kuti kusiyana kwamitengo yamafuta padziko lonse lapansi ndi mafuta osakhwima kutsika pang'onopang'ono, kubweretsa zotsatirazi kumakampani apadziko lonse lapansi:

Choyamba, kutsika kwamafuta opepuka komanso olemetsa omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwamitengo yamafuta osakanizidwa komanso kutsika kwamitengo yamafuta kwakhudza machitidwe ongoyerekeza ndi mitengo yamafuta arbitrage monga njira yayikulu yamabizinesi, yomwe imathandizira kukhazikika kwa msika wamafuta padziko lonse lapansi.

Kachiwiri, pakuwonjezeka kwa mafuta opepuka komanso kutsika kwamitengo, akuyembekezeka kukulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opepuka padziko lonse lapansi ndikuwonjezera kukula kwa naphtha. Komabe, pansi pa zomwe zikuchitika padziko lonse lapansi pakuwonongeka kwa zida zopangira kuwala, kugwiritsa ntchito naphtha kukuyembekezeka kuchepa, zomwe zitha kupangitsa kuti kutsutsana pakati pa kaphatikizidwe ka naphtha ndi kumwa, potero kumachepetsa ziyembekezo za naphtha.

Chachitatu, kukula kwa mafuta opepuka kumachepetsa kutulutsa kwazinthu zolemetsa zochokera kumunsi kwa mafuta odzaza mafuta, monga mafuta onunkhira, dizilo, petroleum coke, etc.

Chachinayi, kuchepa kwa kusiyana kwamitengo pakati pa mafuta opepuka ndi olemera kwambiri kumatha kukulitsa mtengo wamakampani oyenga ophatikizika, potero kuchepetsa zoyembekeza za phindu la ntchito zoyenga zophatikizika. Pansi pa izi, chitukuko cha kukonzanso kwamakampani oyenga ophatikizika nawonso chidzalimbikitsidwa.

Makampani opanga mankhwala padziko lonse lapansi atha kulimbikitsa kuphatikizana kochulukirapo ndikukonzanso

Pansi pa "carbon wapawiri", "kusintha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu" ndi "anti-globalization", malo ampikisano amakampani ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati adzakula kwambiri, ndipo zovuta monga kukula, mtengo, ndalama, ukadaulo, ndi chitetezo cha chilengedwe zidzakhudza kwambiri mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati.

Mosiyana ndi izi, zimphona zapadziko lonse lapansi za petrochemical zikuchita kuphatikiza mabizinesi ndi kukhathamiritsa. Kumbali imodzi, adzathetsa pang'onopang'ono mabizinesi azikhalidwe zamapetrochemical omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, otsika mtengo, komanso kuipitsa kwakukulu. Kumbali ina, kuti akwaniritse cholinga cha bizinesi yapadziko lonse lapansi, zimphona za petrochemical zidzapereka chidwi kwambiri pakuphatikizana ndi kupeza ndi kukonzanso. Kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi kuchuluka kwa kuphatikizika ndi kugulidwa ndi kukonzanso ndi maziko ofunikira pakuwunika kayendedwe kamakampani am'deralo. Zoonadi, ponena za maiko omwe akutukuka kumene, akugwiritsabe ntchito kudzimanga ngati njira yaikulu yachitukuko ndikupeza kuwonjezereka kwachangu ndi kwakukulu mwa kupeza ndalama.

Zikuyembekezeka kuti kuphatikiza mankhwala ndi kukonzanso kudzakhazikika makamaka m'maiko otukuka monga Europe ndi United States, ndipo mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene omwe akuimiridwa ndi China atha kutenga nawo gawo pang'onopang'ono.

M'tsogolo sing'anga- ndi yaitali njira malangizo a zimphona mankhwala akhoza moikirapo

Kutsatira njira yachitukuko cha Global Chemical Giants ndi njira yotsata mosamalitsa, koma ili ndi tanthauzo lina.

Kuyang'ana miyeso ya zimphona za petrochemical, ambiri aiwo adayamba kuchokera kumunda wina waukadaulo kenako adayamba kupatukana ndikukulitsa. Lingaliro lachitukuko lonse limakhala ndi nthawi yeniyeni, kusinthika-kusiyana-kusiyana-kusiyana-kusiyana kachiwiri ... Pakalipano komanso kwa nthawi yayitali m'tsogolomu, zimphona zazikulu zikhoza kukhala mu convergence cycle, ntchito zawo zimakhala ndi nthambi zambiri, mgwirizano wamphamvu, ndi mayendedwe okhazikika kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, BASF idzakhala njira yofunikira yachitukuko m'magawo a Zovala, zopangira, zida zogwirira ntchito, ndi zina zambiri, ndi Huntsman apitiliza kupanga zake Bizinesi ya Polyurethane mtsogolomu.