Chithandizo cha sodium cyanide

Sodium cyanide ndi mankhwala oopsa kwambiri omwe amaika pachiwopsezo chachikulu pa thanzi la anthu komanso chilengedwe. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo migodi ndi ma electroplating, koma kuthekera kwake kowononga sikunganyalanyazidwe. Sodium cyanide ikakhudzana ndi madzi, imatha kutulutsa mpweya woopsa wa hydrogen cyanide, womwe ndi woopsa kwambiri. Nkhaniyi ikufuna kupereka chithunzithunzi chokwanira cha poizoni wa Sodium Cyanide , zizindikiro zake, ndi mankhwala oyenera othana ndi zotsatira zake.

Kuopsa kwa Sodium Cyanide

Sodium cyanide imadziwika kuti ndi yakupha. Zitha kuwononga kwambiri zamoyo ndi nthaka, ndikupangitsa kukhala chinthu chowopsa chomwe chimafunikira kusamala. Mankhwalawa ndi owopsa kwambiri chifukwa amatha kuyamwa kudzera pakhungu, kukopa ngati fumbi kapena gasi, kapena kulowetsedwa. Zizindikiro za poizoni zimatha kuwonekera mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kupuma komanso kumangidwa kwa mtima pakachitika zovuta kwambiri.

Magalamu 0.06 okha a hydrocyanic acid, omwe angapangidwe kuchokera ku sodium cyanide , ndi okwanira kupha munthu akameza. Mofananamo, kupuma fumbi la sodium cyanide kapena mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide kungayambitse mavuto azaumoyo nthawi yomweyo. Kufunika kothana ndi vuto la sodium cyanide sikunganyalanyazidwe, chifukwa zotsatira zake zingakhale zoopsa.

Zizindikiro za Poizoni wa Sodium Cyanide

Zizindikiro za poyizoni wa sodium cyanide zimatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi njira yodziwira. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

• Kuvutika ndi Kupuma: Kuvuta kupuma, kukhosomola, komanso kumva ngati munthu wapuma fumbi kapena mpweya wa cyanide.

• Zizindikiro za Mtima: Kugunda kwa mtima mwachangu, kugunda kwa mtima, komanso kulephera kwa mtima ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri.

• Zotsatira za Mitsempha: Kupweteka mutu, chizungulire, kusokonezeka, komanso kutaya chidziwitso kungachitike pamene thupi likuvutika kuthana ndi zotsatirapo za poizoni.

• Kuvutika ndi m'mimba: Kusanza, kusanza, ndi kupweteka m'mimba kungachitike ngati munthu wameza sodium cyanide.

• Zotsatira za Khungu: Kukhudzana ndi sodium cyanide kungayambitse kutentha kapena kuyabwa pakhungu.

Kuyankha Mwamsanga Poizoni

Ngati sodium cyanide ikuwonekera, kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu ndikofunikira. Nazi njira zomwe mungatenge potengera mtundu wa kuwonekera:

• Kupuma: Ngati wina wapuma fumbi kapena mpweya wa sodium cyanide, ayenera kusunthidwa kupita kumalo okhala ndi mpweya wabwino nthawi yomweyo. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti poizoni asapitirire kuyamwa.

• Kukhudza Khungu: Ngati sodium cyanide yakhudza khungu, zovala zomwe zakhudzidwa ziyenera kuchotsedwa mwachangu. Khungu liyenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi madzi oyera kuti lichotse zotsalira zilizonse. Pakhungu lopsa, yankho la 3% la boric acid lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyeretsa bala.

• Kumeza: Ngati munthu wameza sodium cyanide, akhoza kutsuka m'mimba pogwiritsa ntchito yankho la 10% la Sodium thiosulfate kapena yankho la 1:2000 potassium permanganate. Pambuyo potsuka m'mimba, mankhwala okwanira a ferrous sulfate angaperekedwe pakamwa kuti achepetse zotsatira za poizoni.

Mankhwala Oletsa Poizoni a Sodium Cyanide

Chithandizo cha poyizoni wa sodium cyanide chimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa antidote omwe amatha kuthetsa poizoni wa pawiri. Zotsatirazi ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:

• Sodium Nitrite: Ngati pali poizoni wa sodium cyanide, jakisoni wochepa pang'onopang'ono wa 10-15ml wa 3% Sodium nitrite ukhoza kuperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito posintha hemoglobin kukhala methemoglobin, yomwe imatha kumangirira ku ma ayoni a cyanide ndikuthandizira kuti achotsedwe m'thupi.

• Sodium Thiosulfate: Pambuyo popereka sodium nitrite, jakisoni wa 25-50ml wa 50% sodium thiosulfate m'mitsempha ayenera kuperekedwa pang'onopang'ono pogwiritsa ntchito singano yomweyo komanso pamalo omwewo. Sodium thiosulfate imagwira ntchito ngati wopereka sulfure, zomwe zimathandiza thupi kusintha cyanide kukhala mankhwala osaopsa omwe angatuluke.

• Chisamaliro Chothandizira: Ngati poizoni wakula kwambiri, komwe kupuma ndi mtima zingalephereke, chithandizo cha mtima ndi mapapo chiyenera kuyambitsidwa nthawi yomweyo. Chisamaliro chothandizira, kuphatikizapo chithandizo cha mpweya ndi kuyang'anira zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri, n'chofunikira kwambiri posamalira thanzi la wodwalayo.

Njira Zopewera ndi Chitetezo

Chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa sodium cyanide, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodzitetezera kuti mupewe kukhudzidwa. Nazi malingaliro ena:

• Maphunziro Oyenera: Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito ndi sodium cyanide ayenera kuphunzitsidwa mokwanira za momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mankhwalawa mosamala, kuphatikizapo njira zothandizira mwadzidzidzi.

• Zida Zodzitetezera Payekha (PPE): PPE yoyenera, monga magolovesi, magalasi, ndi zopumira, ziyenera kuvalidwa pogwira sodium cyanide kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chowonekera.

• Ndondomeko Zadzidzidzi: Malo ogwira ntchito omwe amagwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide ayenera kukhala ndi ndondomeko zomveka bwino zadzidzidzi, kuphatikizapo kupeza mankhwala oletsa antidotes ndi chithandizo choyamba.

• Kuganizira Zachilengedwe: Kufunika kuyesayesa kuti sodium cyanide isawononge nthaka ndi magwero a madzi, chifukwa kuwononga kwake chilengedwe kungakhale kowononga kwambiri.

Kutsiliza

Sodium cyanide ndi chinthu chapoizoni kwambiri chomwe chimayika chiwopsezo chachikulu ku thanzi la anthu komanso chilengedwe. Kumvetsetsa zizindikiro za poyizoni ndi mankhwala oyenera ndikofunikira kuti tiyankhe mogwira mtima ngati wakhudzidwa. Kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito sodium nitrite ndi sodium thiosulfate, kungapulumutse miyoyo. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodzitetezera komanso kuphunzitsidwa koyenera kungathandize kupewa kuwonekera ndikuchepetsa kuopsa kokhudzana ndi mankhwalawa. Kuzindikira ndi kukonzekera ndizofunikira pakuonetsetsa chitetezo m'malo omwe sodium cyanide ilipo.