Mfundo Zazikulu Pakuchotsa Golide Kupyolera mu Kuphwanyidwa ndi Kudumphira mu Migodi ya Golide

Kuchotsa golide kudzera mu kuphwanya ndi kusonkhanitsa golide m'mabokosi ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani opanga golide . Kuti atsimikizire kuti golide akubwezeretsedwa bwino komanso mokhazikika, ogwira ntchito ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa mbali zingapo panthawi yonseyi.

1. Kusanthula Katundu Wa Ore

Mineral Composition

Kumvetsetsa golide ndi mchere wogwirizana nawo mu ore ndikofunikira kwambiri. Izi zimathandizira kudziwa ngati njira yodulira milu ikugwira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ngati miyalayo ili ndi mchere wambiri wotsutsana, pangafunike kukonzanso.

Kugawa Kwakukulu kwa Particle

Pambuyo kuphwanya, tinthu kukula kwa ore ayenera kukhala yunifolomu. Oversized particles kungayambitse chosakwanira leaching, pamene undersized particles akhoza kupanga chindapusa kwambiri, kulepheretsa njira malowedwe.

2. Kuphwanya Njira

Zida Zophwanyira

Sankhani zophwanyira zoyenera, monga zophwanya nsagwada ndi zophwanya ma cone. Makinawa amapangidwa kuti aziphwanyira miyalayo kuti ifike pamlingo wofunikira. Mwachitsanzo, ma crushers a nsagwada ndi othandiza pakuphwanya koyambirira, pomwe zophwanya ma cone ndizoyenera kuphwanya chachiwiri komanso chapamwamba.

Particle Size Control

Nthawi zambiri, kukula kwa tinthu kuyenera kuyendetsedwa pakati pa 10 - 30 millimeters. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timachepetsa kuchuluka kwa leaching, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tingayambitse mavuto ndi njira yothetsera vuto chifukwa chopanga chindapusa.

3. Kukonzekera kwa Milu Leaching Sites

Kusankhidwa Kwamasamba

Sankhani malo athyathyathya komanso osatha kuti mulumikize milu. Izi zimathandiza kupewa kutayikira kwa njira, komwe kungawononge chilengedwe.

Chithandizo cha Impermeability

Yalani nembanemba yosalowetsedwa kuti zingwe zisalowe pansi. Izi ndizofunikira pachitetezo cha chilengedwe komanso leaching yogwira ntchito.

4. Kusankha ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Leaching Agents

Leaching Agents

Mankhwala a sodium cyanide amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chotulutsira madzi. Kuchuluka kwa Sodium cyanide kuyenera kulamulidwa mosamalitsa mkati mwa 0.05% - 0.1%. Kuchuluka kwa madzi kumawonjezera ndalama, pomwe kuchepa kwa madzi kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi.

Kuwongolera Mtengo wa pH

Pitirizani kukhala ndi pH ya yankho la leaching pakati pa 10 - 11. Izi zimathandiza kupewa kuwonongeka kwa cyanide, kuonetsetsa kuti njira yowotchera ikugwira ntchito.

5. Mulu Leaching Ntchito

Kuwongolera Kutalika kwa Mulu

Kutalika kwa mulu nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 3 - 6 metres. Mulu wochuluka kwambiri ukhoza kulepheretsa njira kulowa, pamene mulu wochepa kwambiri umachepetsa kupanga bwino.

Kupopera Mphamvu

Yesetsani kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pa 5 - 10 L/m²·h. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mopitirira muyeso kumabweretsa kutayika kwa yankho, pomwe kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kosakwanira kumakhudza zotsatira za leaching.

6. Kasamalidwe ka Leachate

Leachate Collection

Onetsetsani kuti mwatolera bwino zotayirira kuti mupewe kuwonongeka komanso kuwononga chilengedwe. Njira yosonkhanitsira yopangidwa mwaluso ndiyofunikira kuti golide abwezeretsedwe.

Leachate Recycling

Bwezeraninso leachate kuti muwongolere kubweza golide ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa reagent. Izi sizimangowonjezera mphamvu komanso zimachepetsa ndalama.

7. Kuteteza Zachilengedwe

Chithandizo Chinyalala

Chepetsani nyerere musanayikhetse kuti mupewe kuwononga chilengedwe. Izi zingaphatikizepo njira monga kugwa kwa mankhwala ndi kusefera.

Kutaya Michira

Moyenera kutaya tailings pambuyo leaching kupewa yachiwiri kuipitsa. Zosankha zimaphatikizapo kusungirako kotetezeka m'mayiwe a tailings kapena kukonza kwina.

8. Kusamalira Chitetezo

Kuwongolera kwa Cyanide

Cyanide ndi poizoni kwambiri. Tsatirani njira zoyendetsera bwino kuti mupewe kutayikira komanso kupha poizoni. Izi zikuphatikizapo kusungirako bwino, kusamalira, ndi kunyamula cyanide.

Chitetezo cha Anthu

Oyendetsa galimoto ayenera kuvala zida zodzitetezera zoyenera. Kuphunzitsidwa nthawi zonse n'kofunikanso kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yotetezeka.

9. Kukonza Zida

Kuyendera Nthawi Zonse

Yang'anani pafupipafupi kuphwanya, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, ndi zida zina kuti muwonetsetse kuti zikuyenda bwino. Izi zimathandiza kuzindikira mavuto omwe angakhalepo asanayambe kusokoneza kwambiri.

Kukonza Kwanthawi yake

Konzani zolakwika zilizonse mwachangu kuti musachedwe kupanga. Zida zosamalidwa bwino ndizofunikira kuti zipangidwe mosalekeza komanso moyenera.

10. Kuwongolera Mtengo

Mtengo wa Reagent

Konzani kugwiritsa ntchito ma reagents kuti muchepetse ndalama. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kusintha kuchuluka kwa reagent kutengera zinthu za ore ndi zotsatira za leaching.

Kuwongolera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu

Konzani njira zophwanyira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuti muchepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Izi sizingochepetsa ndalama zokha komanso zimathandizira kuti chilengedwe chisamawonongeke.

Pomaliza, kuchotsa golide kudzera mu kuphwanya ndi kuchotsa golide m'matanthwe kumafuna kuganizira bwino za katundu wa miyala, njira zogwirira ntchito, kuteteza chilengedwe, ndi kasamalidwe ka chitetezo. Mwa kulabadira mfundo zazikuluzi, ogwira ntchito angathe kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa golide wobwezeretsedwa ndikupeza chitukuko chokhazikika mumakampani opanga golide.