Kushandiswa kweSodium Cyanide seCopper Depressant mumugodhi weCopper-Molybdenum

ziviso

Mukuita kwakaoma kwekuwedzera copper-molybdenum ore, kupatsanurwa kunobudirira kwe copper ne molybdenum minerals kwakakosha pakuwedzera kukosha kwehupfumi hwe ore. Sodium cyanide yagara ichishandiswa senzira ine simba yekudzora kudonha kwe copper minerals kuti ibvise minerals dze copper, zvichibvumira kuti molybdenum iwedzere kudonha. Chinyorwa chino chinotarisa kushandiswa kweSodium cyanide mumugodhi we copper-molybdenum, ichiongorora mashandiro ayo, mashandiro ayo, uye matambudziko nemhinduro dzine chekuita nekushandiswa kwayo.

Kushanda Mechanism yeSodium Cyanide seAnodzvinyirira

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) mushonga unoshanda zvikuru wekuderedza kusvibiswa kwemaminerari esulfide akadai sechalcopyrite (copper ore). Mu flotation system, Sodium Cyanide inopatsanurwa mumvura kuti ibudise ma cyanide ions (CN⁻). Aya ma cyanide ions anogona kuita nema metal ions pamusoro pe copper minerals. Semuenzaniso, ne chalcopyrite (CuFeS₂), ma cyanide ions anogona kugadzira stable metal-cyanide complexes. Maitiro acho anogona kumiririrwa seizvi:

CuFeS₂ + 4CN⁻ → Cu(CN)₄²⁻ + FeS₂ + 2e⁻

Kuita uku kunonyungudutsa maion emhangura ari pamusoro pechalcopyrite, zvichiita kuti pave nechikamu chinonyungudutsa che copper-cyanide complexes. Nekuda kweizvozvo, pamusoro pe mineral yemhangura pave pasisina hydrophobic, zvichideredza kugona kwayo kubatana nemabubble emhepo mu flotation cell. Kusiyana neizvi, molybdenite (MoS₂), iyo mineral huru ine molybdenum, haina simba rakawanda pa cyanide ions pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa e flotation. Molybdenite ine nzvimbo yakasikwa ye hydrophobic nekuda kwechimiro chayo chakaiswa, izvo zvinoita kuti ikwanise kunyungudutswa nyore nyore ne collector nemabubble emhepo panguva ye flotation process ukuwo mamineral emhangura achidzikiswa ne sodium cyanide.

Nyaya Yokudzidza: Mhangura-Molybdenum Mine

Ore Hunhu

Mugodhi wemhangura-molybdenum une muviri wesimbi une mineralogy yakaoma. Iwo mamineral emhangura makuru ndeye chalcopyrite uye bornite, nepo molybdenum inonyanya kuvepo se molybdenite. Iyo ore kazhinji ine avhareji ye0.8% mhangura uye 0.03% molybdenum. Kugovaniswa kwesaizi yezvicherwa kwakasiyanawo, iine zvicherwa zvakatsetseka zvinounza matambudziko ekuparadzana kwakanaka.

Flotation Process Flow

1.Bulk Flotation Stage

• Panhanho yekutanga yekuyangarara, nzira yekuyangarara yakawanda inoshandiswa. Muunganidzi akaita sesodium isopropyl xanthate inowedzerwa kune ore pulp kuti iyangamire zvese mhangura uye molybdenum zvicherwa pamwechete. Izvi zvinoumba huwandu hwemhangura-molybdenum concentrate. Chinangwa chechinhanho ichi ndechekupfumisa zvicherwa zvakakosha kubva kune gangue minerals.

2.Kuparadzanisa Flotation Stage

• Mushure mekuyangarara kwakawanda, iyo yakawanda concentrate inogadziridzwa zvakare muchikamu chekuparadzanisa flotation. Sodium cyanide inowedzerwa kune pulp panguva ino. Iyo yekuwedzera mwero wesodium cyanide inodzorwa nekuchenjerera zvichibva pane yemhangura yemukati mune yakawanda concentrate uye inodiwa yekuparadzanisa maitiro. Kazhinji, iyo dosage inotangira pa300 - 500 magiramu patani yehuwandu hwekuisa pfungwa.

• Iyo pulp inozoiswa munhevedzano yematangi ekugadzirisa kuti ive nechokwadi chekugovera yunifomu yesodium cyanide uye maitiro ayo anoshanda nemaminerari emhangura. Mushure mekugadzirisa, pulp inopinda mumaseru anoyerera. Mumasero anotenderera, maminerari emhangura akaora mwoyo anonyura pasi semiswe, nepo molybdenite inoyangarara kumusoro nerubatsiro rwemhepo inoputika uye inounganidzwa se molybdenum concentrate.

3.Molybdenum Kuchenesa Matanho

• Iyo molybdenum concentrate inowanikwa kubva pakuparadzanisa flotation inowedzerwazve kuburikidza nematanho akawanda ekuchenesa flotation. Mune aya matanho ekuchenesa, mamwe mareagents anogona kuwedzerwa kuwedzera kuchena kweiyo molybdenum concentrate. Iyo miswe kubva kumatanho ekuchenesa kazhinji inodzokororwa kudzokera kunzvimbo yakakodzera mukuparadzanisa kana kuwanda kwekuyerera kwemaitiro kuti kuwedzere kudzoreredzwa kwemaminerari akakosha.

Metallurgical Results

1.Molybdenum Recovery uye Giredhi

• Kusati kwaitwa optimized sodium cyanide - based separation process, kupora kwe molybdenum mumugodhi kwaive kwakatenderedza 60% ine molybdenum concentrate giredhi inosvika makumi mana%. Mushure mekunyatsogadziriswa kweyesodium cyanide dosage uye maitiro paramita, kupora kwe molybdenum kwakawedzera kusvika pamusoro pe40%. Giredhi reiyo molybdenum concentrate yakagadziridzwa zvakare kusvika 75% kana yakakwirira muzviitiko zvakawanda.

2.Copper Depressing Effect

• Kushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide kwakanyatso kudzikamisa zvicherwa zvemhangura. Mhangura yemukati mekupedzisira molybdenum concentrate yakaderedzwa kubva pa5% kusvika pasi pe2%. Izvi zvakakosha kuderedzwa kwemhangura yemukati molybdenum concentrate haingonatsiridza kunaka kwechigadzirwa chemolybdenum asiwo inoderedza mutengo wekuwedzera kunatsa iyo molybdenum concentrate mukunyungudika.

Matambudziko uye Mhinduro mukushandisa Sodium Cyanide

Zvezvakatipoteredza uye Kuchengetedzwa Zvinonetsa

1.Toxicity yeSodium Cyanide

• Sodium cyanide ine chepfu zvakanyanya. Chero kudonha kana kubata zvisina kunaka panguva yekuchera uye kubatsiridza maitiro kunogona kukonzeresa njodzi kune zvakatipoteredza uye hutano hwevanhu. Kana pakadonha netsaona, maion cyanide anogona kukurumidza kupinda muvhu nemvura zvitubu, zvichikonzera kusvibiswa uye kuisa pangozi hupenyu hwemvura nemiti.

2.Solutions

• Mitemo Yekuchengetedza Yakasimba : Mugodhi waisa mitemo yakasimba yekuchengetedza, kutakurwa, uye kushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide. Nzvimbo dzekuchengetera dzakasarudzika dzine matangi ane madziro maviri uye masisitimu ekuona kudonha kwemvura anoshandiswa kuchengetedza sodium cyanide. Vashandi vese vane chekuita nekubata sodium cyanide vanofanirwa kudzidziswa kuchengetedza nguva dzose, kusanganisira nzira dzekupindura nekukurumidza kana paine kudonha kwemvura.

• Kurapa Matope neMvura Yakasviba : Mugodhi wacho wakaisa masisitimu epamusoro ekurapa mvura yakasviba. Mushure mekuyangarara, matope nemvura yakasviba ine sodium cyanide inosara inorapwa kubvisa kana kubvisa chepfu mu cyanide. Imwe nzira inowanzo shandiswa ndeyekushandisa hydrogen peroxide kana hypochlorite kuti ioxidize maion ecyanide kuita mafomu asina chepfu akadai secyanate (CNO⁻) kana nitrogen neCarbon dioxide . Mvura yakasviba inorapwa inozoongororwa zvakanaka kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti huwandu hwecyanide hunosangana nezvinodiwa nezvakatipoteredza usati waburitswa.

Process Optimization Matambudziko

1.Variability muOre Quality

• Iyo ore mhando mumhangura - molybdenum mine inogona kusiyanisa zvakanyanya. Akasiyana ore mabheti anogona kuve akasiyana mhangura - molybdenum ratios, mineralogical nziyo, uye particle size kugoverwa. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kwe sodium cyanide sekuora mwoyo. Semuenzaniso, mune ores ine chikamu chepamusoro cheyakanaka - yakaomeswa mhangura zvicherwa, yakawanda sodium cyanide inogona kudikanwa kuti iwane nhanho yakafanana yekuora mwoyo kwemhangura.

2.Solutions

• Kuongorora Matombo Enguva Yechokwadi : Mugodhi wakaisa mari mumichina yepamusoro yekuongorora kuti iite ongororo chaiyo yematombo ari kuuya. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) uye laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) zvinoshandiswa kukurumidza kuona makemikari ari mumatombo. Zvichibva pamhedzisiro yekuongorora, chiyero chesodium cyanide nezvimwe zvinogadzirisa zvinogona kugadziriswa nenguva.

• Kudzora Maitiro Akavakirwa paModel-Based Process : Model yemasvomhu yakagadzirwa kuti ifanotaura chiyero chakakodzera che sodium cyanide uye ma process parameters zvichibva pahunhu hweore. Model iyi inofunga nezvezvinhu zvakaita se copper-molybdenum ratio, mineral composition, uye particle size. Iyi model-based process control system inobvumira kudzora kwakanyatsojeka kwe flotation process, zvichivandudza kushanda kwe copper-molybdenum separation kunyangwe paine kusiyana kwemhando ye ore.

mhedziso

Kushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide semushonga wekudzvinyirira weCopper mukuita kweflotation kwaratidza kuti kunoshanda mukuwana kuparadzaniswa kwezvicherwa zvemhangura nemolybdenum. Kuburikidza nekungwarira kudzora dosage ye sodium cyanide, kugadzirisa kufamba kweflotation process, uye kushandisa matanho akasimba ekuchengetedza nharaunda, mugodhi wakakwanisa kuvandudza kudzoreredzwa uye giredhi re molybdenum concentrate uku uchideredza zvinobudirira zvicherwa zvemhangura. Zvisinei, matambudziko ane chekuita nekushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide, akadai sekuchengetedza nharaunda uye kugadzirisa maitiro ekugadzira zvinhu pasinei nekusiyana kwemhando ye ore, anoda kutariswa nguva dzose uye kushandiswa kwemhinduro dzakakodzera. Sezvo indasitiri yemigodhi iri kufambira mberi kune nzira dzakasimba uye dzinoshanda, tsvakiridzo yakawanda nekuvandudzwa zvinodiwa kuti uwane dzimwe nzira dzekuderedza kushushikana kana kuvandudza maitiro aripo e sodium cyanide kuderedza kukanganisa kwayo nharaunda uku uchichengetedza kushanda kwakanyanya kwesimbi.