Kugadzira Maitiro ekudzikisa Sodium cyanide Kushandiswa neKuwedzera Zvinonzwisisika Iyo Dosage yeCalcium Oxide

ziviso

Muindasitiri yekuchera goridhe nekuchera, Cyanidation inzira inoshandiswa nevakawanda yekutsvaga goridhe kubva mumatombo. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwepamusoro kwe Sodium cyanide haingowedzeri mitengo yekugadzira chete asiwo inokonzeresa njodzi kwezvakatipoteredza nekuda kwehupfu hwayo. Kutsvaga nzira dzinoshanda dzekudzikisa Sodium Cyanide kushandiswa uku uchichengetedza kana kuvandudza mareti ekudzoreredza goridhe idambudziko rakakosha kuindasitiri. Imwe nzira yakadai yakaratidza kuvimbiswa mukuita kwekugadzira ndiko kuwedzera kwakanaka kwedosi ye Calcium oxide. Ichi chinyorwa chichaongorora zvakadzama zveiyi tsika yekugadzira, ichiongorora ari pasi pematanho, marongero ekuita, uye mhedzisiro inowanikwa.

Basa reCalcium Oxide muCyanidation Process

pH Kugadziriswa

Calcium oxide, kana yawedzerwa kune cyanidation system, inopindirana nemvura kuti igadzire calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) _2). Kuita uku kunowedzera pH kukosha kwepulp. Mukuita cyanidation, kuchengetedza yakakodzera alkaline pH kwakakosha. Iyo yakakwirira pH nharaunda inobatsira kudzivirira iyo hydrolysis ye sodium cyanide. Sodium cyanide (NaCN) inogona kuita nemvura munzvimbo ine acidic kana iri pedyo-yakarerekera, zvichikonzera kuumbwa kwehydrogen cyanide (HCN), gasi rinoputika uye rine muchetura. Nekuwedzera pH kusvika kune yakapoteredza 10 - 11. iyo hydrolysis ye sodium cyanide inodziviswa, nokudaro kuderedza kushandiswa kwayo kusingakoshi.

Kemikari Reactions neKusachena

Ores kazhinji ane tsvina dzakasiyana sesimbi, mhangura, uye zingi. Kusachena uku kunogona kuita ne sodium cyanide, kuumba yakaoma cyanide komisheni uye kupedza yakawanda yakawanda sodium cyanide. Calcium oxide inogona kuita nezvimwe zvezvitsvina izvi. Semuenzaniso, iron mune ore inogona kuvapo muchimiro che iron oxides kana sulfides. Calcium oxide inogona kuita ne acidic zvinhu zvinogadzirwa panguva ye oxidation ye iron sulfides, ichivaita neutralizing. Izvi zvinoderedza huwandu hweasidhi muhurongwa, iyo inobatsira kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwe sodium cyanide. Uyezve, calcium oxide inogona kukonzera mamwe maion simbi se hydroxides. Semuyenzaniso, maion emhangura (Cu^{2 +}) anogona kuita neayoni yehydroxide kubva kucalcium hydroxide kuti iumbe copper hydroxide (Cu(OH)_2) precipitate. Kunaya kwemvura uku kunobvisa ioni dzemhangura kubva mumhinduro, zvichidzidzivirira kubva pakusangana nesodium cyanide uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesodium cyanide.

Kugadzirwa Kwekuita Details

Ore Hunhu uye Mamiriro Ekutanga

Chigadzirwa chekugadzira apo tsika iyi yakaitwa yakagadziridzwa imwe mhando yegoridhe - inotakura ore. Ore yacho yaive neimwe goridhe, pamwe nehuwandu hwakawanda hwesimbi sulfide zvicherwa uye zvimwe zvitsvina zvakaita semhangura uye zinc. Pakutanga, iyo cyanidation process yaive ichishanda nekunyanya kushandiswa kwesodium cyanide. Iyo pH yepulp yakachengetedzwa painotenderera 9 - 9.5. uye chiyero che calcium oxide chaive chakaderera. Iyo goridhe yekudzoreredza mwero yakanga isiriwo padanho rakakwana.

Kugadzirisa iyo Calcium Oxide Dosage

Muchikamu chekutanga chekudzidzira, chiyero che calcium oxide chakawedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Yekutanga dosage yaive yakatenderedza 1 - 2 kg/t yeore, uye yakawedzerwa mukuwedzera kwe0.5 kg/t pamusoro peakatevedzana mabhechi ekugadzira. Sezvo iyo calcium oxide dosage yakawedzera, iyo pH yepulp zvishoma nezvishoma yakakwira. Panguva imwe cheteyo, kunyatsotarisisa kwakabhadharwa kune kukanganisa kweiyo cyanidation maitiro, kusanganisira maitiro ekuita, goridhe kudzoreredza mwero, uye sodium cyanide kushandiswa.

Monitoring uye Kudzora

Munguva yekugadzira maitiro, akati wandei akakosha paramita aigara achitariswa. Iyo pH yepulp yakayerwa nguva nenguva uchishandisa pH metres yakaiswa mukuyerera kwe pulp. Iko kusanganiswa kwe sodium cyanide mumhinduro yakagadziriswa uchishandisa nzira dzetitration. Huwandu hwekudzoreredza goridhe hwakaverengerwa nekuongorora goridhe zvirimo mumafuta ezvekudya, matailings, uye ane nhumbu mhinduro. Uye zvakare, iyo particle size yekugovera ore yakatariswa zvakare sezvo inogona kukanganisa reaction kinetics. Zvichienderana nedata rakatariswa, zvigadziriso zvakaitwa kune calcium oxide dosage uye mamwe ma parameter anoshanda. Semuenzaniso, kana iyo pH yakakwira nekukurumidza uye yakapfuura 11.5. iyo calcium oxide dosage yakaderedzwa zvishoma kudzivirira chero kukanganisa kwakashata padanho rekubvisa goridhe.

Mhinduro uye Benefits

Kuderedza Kushandiswa kweSodium Cyanide

Sezvo iyo calcium oxide dosage yakawedzerwa kusvika padanho rakakodzera (pakupedzisira ichisvika kutenderedza 4 - 5 kg / t yeore mune iyi kesi), kuderera kukuru mukushandiswa kwesodium cyanide kwakaonekwa. Pakutanga, iyo sodium cyanide inoshandiswa yaive inenge 4 - 5 kg / t ye ore. Mushure mekugadzirisa muyero we calcium oxide, kushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide kwakadzikira kusvika pa 2 - 3 kg/t ye ore, zvichimiririra kudzikiswa kwe 30% - 50%. Uku kudzikiswa kwekushandiswa kwesodium cyanide kwakakonzera kuderera kukuru kwemitengo yekugadzira.

Kuvandudzwa muGoridhe Recovery Rate

Sezvineiwo, kwete chete iyo sodium cyanide kushandiswa kwakadzikira, asi goridhe rekudzoreredza mwero zvakare rakavandudza. Pamberi pekugadziriswa kwecalcium oxide dosage, iyo goridhe yekudzoreredza mwero yaive yakapoteredza 80% - 85%. Mushure mekugadzirisa, chiyero chekudzorera goridhe chakawedzera kusvika 85% - 90%. Kuvandudzwa uku mukudzoreredza goridhe kunogona kuverengerwa nekutonga kuri nani kwenzvimbo yecyanidation. Iyo pH yakawedzera uye kubviswa kwetsvina necalcium oxide kwakabatsira kugadzira mamiriro akanaka ekuparara kwegoridhe.

Mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza uye Kuchengetedzwa

Nekuderedzwa kwe sodium cyanide kushandiswa, kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kweiyo cyanidation process kwakaderedzwa zvakanyanya. Ishoma sodium cyanide mu effluent inoreva kudzika huturu mazinga, kuderedza kukuvadza kunogona kuitika kune zvakatipoteredza. Zvakare, kudzikira kwekuumbwa kwehydrogen cyanide gasi nekuda kwezviri nani pH kutonga kwakasimudzirawo kuchengetedzeka kwemaitiro ekugadzira kwevashandi.

mhedziso

Iyo yekugadzira tsika yekuwedzera zvine musoro dosage ye calcium oxide yakaratidza kuva nzira inoshanda yekudzikisa sodium cyanide kushandiswa mucyanidation process. Nekunzwisisa basa re calcium oxide mukugadzirisa pH uye kuita nekusachena, uye kuburikidza nekunyatsotarisisa uye kutonga panguva yekugadzira maitiro, zvakakosha mabhenefiti anogona kuwanikwa. Aya mabhenefiti anosanganisira kuchengetedza mari, kuvandudzwa kwegoridhe kudzoreredza mitengo, uye kukwidziridzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuchengetedza kuita. Iyi tsika inogona kushanda sechiratidzo chakakosha kune zvimwe zvicherwa zvegoridhe uye zvidyarwa zvekuchera zvinosangana nematambudziko akafanana mukuderedza kushandiswa kwesodium cyanide. Kuwedzera kutsvagisa uye optimization munzvimbo ino inogona kutungamira kune yakanyanya kushanda uye yakagadzikana cyanidation maitiro mune ramangwana.