Basa reBorax muMetal Smelting

Munyika yakaoma uye ine mativi akawanda yesimbi inonzi Smelting , Borax , inozivikanwa nemakemikari se sodium tetraborate decahydrate, inoonekwa sechinhu chakakosha uye chinoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana. Hunhu hwayo hwemakemikari nemuviri zvinoipa mabasa akawanda akakosha anobatsira zvikuru mukushanda zvakanaka, kunaka, uye kubudirira kwemabasa ekunyungudutsa simbi.

Flux Chiito: Kuchenesa uye Kufambisa Kunyungudika

Rimwe remabasa ekutanga eborax mukunyungudusa simbi iri kuita sekuyerera. Mukuita kunyungudutsa, ores uye zvimedu zvesimbi zvinowanzove netsvina dzakasiyana senge silica, oxides, uye zvimwe zvisiri zvesimbi zvinhu. Izvi zvinosvibisa zvinogona kuwedzera nzvimbo yakanyunguduka yemusanganiswa wesimbi, kuderedza fluidity yekunyunguduka, uye pakupedzisira kukanganisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa chesimbi yekupedzisira.

Borax, kana yawedzerwa kune smelting charge, inopindirana netsvina iyi pakudziya kwakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, inopindirana ne silica, imwe yezvinonyanya kusvibiswa mumatare esimbi. Kemikari inopindirana pakati peborax ne silica inoumba borosilicate slag, iyo ine nzvimbo yakaderera yakanyunguduka pane simbi iri kunyungudutswa uye kusvibiswa kwepakutanga. Slag iyi inoyangarara pamusoro pesimbi yakanyungudutswa, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kupatsanura kubva kune simbi nekupuruzira. Nokubvisa tsvina iyi, borax inobatsira kuchenesa simbi, kuvandudza maitiro ayo emagetsi, zvakadai sesimba, ductility, uye conductivity.

Uyezve, semhepo inoyerera, borax inoderedzawo kunyungudika kwese kwemusanganiswa wekunyungudutsa. Izvi hazvingochengetedze simba chete nekuda kwekupisa kushoma kunyungudusa simbi uye zvinhu zvakabatana nazvo asi zvinobvumirawo kuti kunyungudika kwakanyatso shanda. Kuderera kwekushisa kwekunyunguduka kunogonawo kudzivirira kuumbwa kwemishonga isingadiwi kana kuparara kwezvinhu zvesimbi nekuda kwekunyanya kupisa.

Deoxidation: Kuchengetedza Metal Kuvimbika

Munguva yekunyungudutswa kwesimbi, masimbi anowanzo kuvhenekerwa neokisijeni mumhepo yechoto, zvichitungamira pakuumbwa kwesimbi okisidhi pameso awo. Aya maokisi anogona kukonzera kukanganisa muchigadzirwa chesimbi chekupedzisira, senge brittleness uye kuderedzwa kwekushomeka kwemarara. Borax inoita basa rakakosha mukuita deoxidation.

Borax inogona kuita nesimbi okisidhi iripo pamusoro pesimbi yakanyungudutswa. Iyo inoderedza aya oxides esimbi kudzokera kumamiriro avo esimbi, nekudaro kudzivirira kutendeseka kwesimbi. Semuenzaniso, mukunyunguduka kwemhangura, borax inogona kuita necopper oxide inoumbwa panguva yekuita. Kuburikidza nenhevedzano yemaitiro emakemikari, inoshandura iyo copper oxide kudzokera kumhangura yakachena, kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwesimbi yakakosha uye kuve nechokwadi chepamusoro-yemhando yekupedzisira chigadzirwa.

Mold Coating uye Release Agent: Kuvandudza Kukanda Hunhu

Mune simbi yekukanda maitiro, ayo ari chikamu chakakosha chekugadzirwa kwesimbi, borax inogona kushandiswa seyakaputira mold uye yekuburitsa mumiriri. Kana yakashandiswa pamusoro pemuumbi, borax inoumba hutete, hunodzivirira. Iri danga rinobatsira kudzivirira simbi yakanyungudutswa kuti isanamire kune mold pamusoro, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuburitswa kwechikamu chesimbi chakaumbwa kana chaoma.

Mukuwedzera, iyo borax yekuputira pane mold inogonawo kuita senge insulator yekupisa kune imwe nhanho. Inobatsira kudzora kutonhora kwesimbi yakanyungudutswa mu mold, iyo yakakosha pakuwana yunifomu microstructure musimbi yakakandwa. Iyo yakawedzera yunifomu microstructure inotungamira kune zvirinani zvemuchina zvechigadzirwa chekupedzisira, senge yakagadziridzwa simba uye dimensional kugadzikana.

Alloying uye Kugadzirisa Zvivakwa

Borax inogonawo kubatsira kune alloying process mukunyungudutsa simbi. Kunyange zvazvo borax pachayo isingawanzoonekwa sechinyakare chekugadzirisa chinhu nenzira yakasimba, inogona kuunza boron mumatrix esimbi panguva yekunyunguduka. Kuwedzera kweBoron kune simbi kunogona kuve nekukanganisa kwakakosha pazvinhu zvavo.

Semuenzaniso, mukugadzirwa kwemamwe masimbi, kuwedzera kwebhoroni shoma, iyo inounzwa kuburikidza neborax, inogona kuwedzera kuoma kwesimbi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti simbi inogona kunyatsoshanda kupisa - kurapwa kuti iwane yakakwirira kuoma uye simba mazinga. Boron inogona zvakare kuvandudza kupfeka kuramba uye kuneta kuramba kwesimbi, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kunyorera munzvimbo dzakakwirira-dzinoshushikana, senge mumaindasitiri emotokari uye aerospace.

Zvishandiso mune Yakasiyana Metal Smelting Maitiro

Kushandiswa kweborax mukunyunguduka kwesimbi hakugumiri kune rumwe rudzi rwesimbi. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukunyungudutswa kwesimbi sesimbi nesimbi, pamwe nesimbi dzisina ferrous semhangura, aluminium, nendarira.

Mukugadzirwa kwesimbi uye simbi, borax inobatsira kubvisa tsvina kubva musimbi yesimbi uye zvimedu zvesimbi, kuvandudza kuchena uye kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zvesimbi yekupedzisira. Muindasitiri yekunyungudutsa mhangura, inoita basa rakakosha mu deoxidation uye kubviswa kwetsvina, kuve nechokwadi chekugadzirwa kwepamusoro - conductivity waya dzemhangura uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemhangura. Nekunyungudutsa kwealuminium, borax inogona kubatsira mukuchenesa aluminium yakanyungudutswa nekubvisa okisidhi uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa, uye inogona kushandiswawo mukukanda maitiro kuvandudza kupedzwa kwearuminiyamu.

Mukupedzisa, borax chinhu chakakosha mukunyungudutsa simbi. Mabasa ayo senge flux, deoxidizer, mold coating uye kuburitsa mumiririri, uye mupiro wayo kune alloying uye gadziriso yepfuma inoita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha muakasiyana simbi - kunyungudutsa mashandiro. Sezvo indasitiri yesimbi - inoshanda ichiramba ichishanduka uye ichida kukwirira - mhando, nzira dzekugadzira dzakanyanya kushanda, basa reborax mukunyungudusa simbi rinogona kuramba rakakosha, uye kumwe kutsvagisa kunogona kuburitsa mamwe mashandisirwo uye mabhenefiti eiyi musanganiswa unoshamisa.