Sodium Cyanide: Mashandisirwo Akakosha muMigodhi uye Kupfuura

Sodium Cyanide ine Toxic sei?

Sodium cyanide ipfu chena yekristalline kana granules ine hwema hushoma hwema hwearumondi. Inonyungudika zvakanyanya mumvura uye inonyungudika nyore nyore kugadzira hydrogen cyanide, mvura yayo iri alkaline zvakanyanya. Ichinhu chakakosha chemakemikari. Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti ine chepfu; kubata maronda eganda, kufema, kana kunwa kunyange zvishoma zvinogona kukonzera chepfu uye rufu.

Uchishandisa LD50 inowanzo taurwa nezvayo (muyero unodiwa kuuraya hafu yemhuka dzakaedzwa mukati menguva yakatarwa), arsenic ine LD50 ye14.6 mg/kg (inonwiwa mumakonzo), nepo Sodium cyanide ine LD50 ye6.44 mg/kg (inonwiwa mumakonzo). Izvi zvinoreva kuti Sodium Cyanide ine simba rakapetwa katatu kupfuura arsenic.

Chinonyanya kutyisa ndechekuti ma cyanides ane chepfu yakawanda anonyungudika nyore nyore mumvura, zvichikonzera migumisiro inokurumidza. Rufu runogona kuitika mukati memaminitsi gumi nemashanu kusvika awa imwe chete, zvichisiya vanachiremba vane nguva shoma yekununura. Kana tichienzanisa, arsenic inoshanda zvishoma nezvishoma; zviratidzo zvingasaonekwa kusvika awa imwe chete mushure mekunwa, uye rufu runogona kuitika maawa akati wandei kana kunyange zuva rimwe chete gare gare.

Kushandiswa kwemaindasitiri eSodium cyanide

Mumakore achangopfuura, kushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide kwave kuchiwedzera kupararira. Parizvino, kushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide kunonyanya kushandiswa pakugadzira makemikari, zvichiita kuti ive inenge 40% yemusika; chikamu chemishonga chinosvika 10%; mishonga yezvipembenene inosvika 8%; uye indasitiri ye electroplating inoita inenge 20%. Kushandiswa kwasara kuri mumakemikoro akanaka. Mumakore achangopfuura, nekudiwa kuri kukura kwegoridhe, kudiwa kwe sodium cyanide mumigodhi kwakawedzera zvakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, muna 2013, kutengeswa kwe sodium cyanide inoshandiswa pakuburitsa goridhe kwaive kaviri kusvika katatu kupfuura kwa2012. uye musika wemishonga yezvipembenene wakaonawo kuwedzera, kunyanya kwe glyphosate nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakafanana.

1. Dhayi

Sodium cyanide inogona kushandiswa kugadzira dhayi. Madhayi anogona kugadzirwa parizvino anosanganisira Yero 139. Yero 150. indigo, brilliant blue, fluorescent whitening agent VBL, uye Disperse Green GL, pakati pezvimwe.

2. Mishonga

Sodium cyanide inogona kushandiswa kugadzira mishonga yepakati, ichipa zvakakosha zvigadzirwa zvekupedzisira zvigadzirwa zvemishonga. Mishonga yakajairika inosanganisira penicillin, pregabalin, ketoprofen, tranexamic acid, vhitamini B6. folic acid, guanine, acyclovir, gabapentin, butyrophenone, barbiturates, fluoroquinolones, caffeine, zvinoderedza chikosoro, gastric mishonga, analgesics, berberine, atorvastatin, uye phenylpropanolamine.

3. Mishonga yezvipembenene

Sodium cyanide inogona kushandiswa kugadzira mishonga yezvipembenene, iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kune zvirimwa nemiriwo. Mishonga yezvipembenene yakajairika inosanganisira glyphosate, cypermethrin, paraquat, cyantraniliprole, sulfentrazone, pyraclostrobin, benzoylpropionic acid, oxime esters, atrazine, cyanazine, uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudzivirira zvirwere zvemupunga.

4. Electroplating

Sodium cyanide inogona kuumba macomplexes ane simbi dzakawanda, ichiita kuti inowanzoshandiswa muindasitiri ye electroplating se electrolyte yemhangura, cadmium, zingi, uye sirivheri. Iyo simbi ion complexes mune idzi electrolytes inogona kuisa pamusoro pezvishandiso, ichigadzira firimu rakatetepa rinodzivirira zvigadzirwa zvesimbi.

5. Madini

Sodium cyanide ine simba rekunyungudutsa goridhe nesirivha, ichigadzira soluble cyanide complexes, ndosaka ichishandiswa mukuchera goridhe, sirivha, uye simbi dzisina ferrous. Mumigodhi yegoridhe yepasi, kuburitsa goridhe kwakawanda kunoitwa uchishandisa nzira ye "heap leaching" nesodium cyanide. Maitiro aya ekubvisa ane mukana wakakura wemari. Nzira ye "heap leaching" inosanganisira kupfapfaidza sodium cyanide solution pamurwi wematombo, zvichiita kuti zvikamu zvinonangwa zvinyungudike mumushonga, uyo goridhe rinozotorwa kubva mari yacho. Kunyangwe maCyanides achizivikanwa seanoshanda mukubvisa goridhe, hunhu hwavo hune chepfu hunokonzera kunetseka, uye marara ecyanide anogona kukuvadza nharaunda zvakanyanya. Nokudaro, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana, dzinosanganisira chlorination, acidification, uye activated carbon adsorption catalytic oxidation, dzinoshandiswa muChina pakurapa cyanide tailings. Nzira dzakanakisisa dzekubvisa goridhe dzinosanganisira kushandisa dzimwe nzira dzisina cyanide uye dzisina cyanide.

6. Zvimwe Zvishandiso

Pamusoro pezvishandiso zviri pamusoro, sodium cyanide inogona zvakare kushandiswa kugadzira amino acids, L-carnitine, lactic acid, creatine, chelating agents, cyanate esters, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, uye zvinonhuhwirira, pakati pezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari.

Sodium cyanide, vanhu vangazvidzivirira sei?

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti: vanhu vari panze vanofanira kutamira kunzvimbo iri makiromita maviri kubva panzvimbo yakaitika tsaona uye vachikwira mhepo kuti vasasanganiswe nemakemikari.

Kubata ganda: Bvisa mbatya dzakasvibiswa nekukasika wosuka nzvimbo yakakanganiswa nemvura inoyerera kana 5% sodium thiosulfate solution kwemaminitsi makumi maviri. Tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.

Kusangana nemaziso: Sukurudza maziso nekukasika nemvura yakawanda inoyerera kana saline solution kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu. Tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.

Kufema: Siya nzvimbo yacho nekukurumidza uende kunzvimbo ine mhepo itsva. Kana paine matambudziko ekufema, ipai okisijeni. Kana kufema uye kurova kwemoyo kukamira, kurumidzai kufema nemaoko (musashandise muromo nemuromo) uye dzvanyai pachipfuva.

Kumedza: Inwa mvura inodziya yakakwana kuti ukurutse. Shandisa 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution kana 5% sodium thiosulfate solution yekugeza mudumbu. Tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.

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