Tenzi mashandisiro eflotation reagents: vandudza iko kurongeka kwemamineral kuumbwa kwekuona

Muminda ye Mineral processing uye geological analysis, kushandiswa kwakarurama kwe Flotation reagents kwakakosha pakuona nenzira kwayo mamineral compositions. Flotation inzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya physicochemical process yekuparadzaniswa kwemaminerari uye kupfumisa, zvichienderana nekusiyana kweiyo physicochemical properties yemaminerari enzvimbo. Nekuwedzera reagents, iyo hydrophilicity kana hydrophobicity yemaminerari nzvimbo inogona kugadziridzwa, ichigonesa kupatsanurwa kwemaminerari anotangwa kubva kune gangue.

Ichi chinyorwa chichasuma nhevedzano yematipi anoshanda ekushanda ekubatsira maLabhoritari matekiniki uye mainjiniya emigodhi kukwenenzvera nzira yekuyangarara, kuvandudza iko kurongeka uye kudzokorora kwemhedzisiro yebvunzo.

Kutanga, ngatitange nemhando dzakakosha dzeflotation reagents-Vanounganidza, Madzibaba, uye Edit. Imwe neimwe reagent inoita basa rakasiyana mukuita flotation. Vaunganidzi vanowedzera hydrophobicity yemaminerari, vachisimudzira kusungirirwa kwavo kumabhuru emhepo; fthers inobatsira kudzikamisa furo layer, zvichibvumira zvicherwa zvakafumiswa kuti zviparadzaniswe nyore kubva kune slurry; ma modifiers anoshandiswa kugadzirisa iyo pH kana ionic simba re slurry, kugadzira mamiriro akakwana eiyo mineral flotation.

Nekuenderera mberi kwetekinoroji, mhando uye mashandisirwo eflotation reagents ari kuwedzerawo. Kusarudzwa kwakakodzera uye kushandiswa kweaya reagents hakugone kungovandudza Mineral recovery mareti uye mamakisi asiwo anounza mabhenefiti akakosha maererano nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kutonga kwemitengo.

Maitiro ekushandisa Flotation Reagents Zvakanaka?

Mhando dzeReagents

Mhando dzema reagents anoshandiswa muzvirimwa zvinoyerera zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita se ore zvivakwa, kuyerera kwemaitiro, uye huwandu hwezvinodiwa zvicherwa zvigadzirwa. Kazhinji, ivo vanotemerwa kuburikidza ne ore selectivity bvunzo kana semi-industrial bvunzo.

Mareagents anogona kukamurwa zvakanyanya mumhando nhatu huru zvichienderana nemabasa avo:

1. Frothers: Organic surfactants iyo inogovera pamvura-yemhepo interface. Iwo anoshandiswa kugadzira froth layer inogona kuyangarara zvicherwa. Mafuro akajairika anosanganisira mafuta epaini, cresylic acid, uye madoro.

2. Vaunganidzi: Basa ravo ndere kutora zvicherwa zvinonangwa, kushandura hydrophobicity yemaminerari epasi kuti abvumire inoyangarara mamineral particles kuti anamate kune mhepo inoputika. Zvichienderana nehunhu hwavo, vateresi vanogona kukamurwa kuva vasiri-polar vateresi, vateresi veanionic, uye vateresi vecationic. Vanowanzo shandiswa vaunganidzi vanosanganisira mushonga mutema, mushonga weyero, mushonga muchena, mafuta acids, fatty amines, uye mineral oils.

3. Modifiers: Ma modifiers anosanganisira activators uye inhibitors, ayo anoshandura zvimiro zvemamineral surface, achipesvedzera kudyidzana pakati pemaminerari nevateresi. Ma modifiers anosanganisirawo maajenti anoshandiswa kushandura kemikari kana electrochemical zvimiro zveaqueous medium, senge pH inogadzirisa uye mamiriro evanotora. Mhando dzemodhifita dzinosanganisira:

• pH Vagadziri: Lime, sodium carbonate, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide.

• Activator: Copper sulfate, sodium sulfide.

• Inhibitors: Lime, yero yeropa munyu, sodium sulfide, sulfur dioxide, sodium cyanide, zinc sulfate, potassium dichromate, girazi remvura, tannin, soluble colloids, starch, synthetic polymers, nezvimwe.

• Others: Wetting agents, flotation agents, solubilizers, nezvimwe.

Reagent Dosage

The dosage reagents panguva flotation inofanira kuva chaiyo; kusakwana kana kuwandisa kwemari kunogona kukanganisa zviratidzo zvekugadzira mineral. Kunyanya kushandiswa kunogonawo kuwedzera mari yekugadzirisa.

Hukama Pakati peReagent Dosage uye Flotation Indicators:

• Insufficient collector dosage inogona kutungamirira kune isina kukwana hydrophobicity yemaminerari, kuderedza kupora mitengo. Sezvineiwo, huwandu hwakawandisa hunogona kudzikisira kunaka kweiyo concentrate uye kuomesa kupatsanurwa kutenderera.

• Kusakwana frother dosage inogona kutungamira mukusagadzikana kwefuro, nepo kuwandisa kunogona kukonzera "kufashukira" zviitiko.

• Yakanyanya kudiki activator dosage inogona kutungamirira kukushanda kwakashata, asi yakawandisa inogona kukanganisa kusarudzwa kweiyo flotation process.

• Insufficient inhibitor dosage inogona kudzikisa giredhi reiyo concentrate, nepo yakawandisa inogona kudzvanya zvicherwa izvo zvinofanirwa kuyangarara, zvichidzikisa mitengo yekudzoreredza.

Reagent Kugadzirira

Solid reagents anonatswa kuita zvinwiwa kuti zvive nyore kuwedzera. Mvura isinganyungudike reagents yakadai semushonga yeyero, mushonga mutema weamine, girazi remvura, sodium carbonate, copper sulfate, uye sodium sulfide inofanira kugadzirirwa semushonga wemvura ine maconcentrations kubva pa2% kusvika 10%. Mvura-isingagadziriswi reagents inoda kunyungudutswa mumudziyo usati wagadzirirwa semushonga wemvura wekuwedzera, sevamwe vaunganidzi veamine vanogona kuwedzerwa zvakananga, seNo. 2 mafuta, No. 31 mushonga wakasviba, uye oleic acid. Kune mareagents akanyanya kunyungudika anoda huwandu hwakakosha, kugadzirira kutenderera kunowanzo kubva pa10% kusvika 20%, senge sodium sulfide, iyo inogadzirirwa pa15% panguva yekushandiswa. Kune zvisinganyanyi kunyungudika reagents, organic solvents inogona kushandiswa kunyungudutsa isati yaagadzirira seyakaderera-concentration mhinduro.

Kusarudzwa kwa Reagent kugadzirira nzira inonyanya kuenderana nemaitiro eiyo reagents, nzira yekuwedzera, uye mabasa avo. Iyo imwechete reagent inogona kuve yakakosha misiyano muyero uye mhedzisiro nekuda kweakasiyana nzira dzekugadzirira. Kazhinji, nzira dzekugadzirira dzinosanganisira:

1. Kugadzirira 2% kusvika 10% aqueous solution: Mazhinji mareagents anonyungudika nemvura anogadzirwa nenzira iyi (semuenzaniso, mushonga weyero, copper sulfate, girazi remvura).

2. Kunyungudika mune solvent: Mamwe mareagents asingasviki emvura anogona kunyungudika mune zvakakosha zvinonyungudutsa. Semuenzaniso, mushonga muchena hausi kunyungudika mumvura asi unogona kunyungudutswa mune 10% kusvika 20% aniline solution, uye inofanira kushandiswa mushure mekugadzira aniline yakasanganiswa mhinduro. Saizvozvo, aniline mutema mushonga haunyungudika mumvura asi unogona kunyungudika mune sodium hydroxide alkaline solution, saka alkaline sodium hydroxide solution inofanira kutanga yagadzirwa isati yawedzera reagent kugadzira aniline black medicine solution yekuyangarara.

3. Kugadzirira sekumiswa kana emulsion: Kune mamwe asina kunyungudika akasimba reagents, anogona kugadzirirwa se emulsion yekushandisa. Semuyenzaniso, lime rine yakaderera solubility mumvura, saka inogona yakatsetseka kukuyiwa kuva upfu uye kusanganiswa nemvura kugadzira mukaka kuturika (semuenzaniso, lime mukaka), kana inogona zvakananga akawedzera yakaoma upfu chimiro kupinda bhora chigayo kana kubvongodza tangi.

4. Saponification: Kune vanounganidza mafuta acid, saponification ndiyo nzira yakajairika. Semuenzaniso, pakusarudza hematite, saponified sipo yeparafini uye tar mafuta inoshandiswa semuunganidzi. Kuti saponify tar mafuta, inenge 10% sodium carbonate inofanira kuwedzerwa pakugadzirira reagent, uye inopisa kugadzira sipo inopisa yekuwedzera.

5. Emulsification: Emulsification inogona kuwanikwa uchishandisa ultrasonic emulsification kana mechanical inokurudzira. Mushure me emulsification, mafuta acids uye dhiziri inogona kuwedzera kupararira kwavo mune slurry, kuvandudza kushanda kweiyo reagents. Kuwedzera mamwe emulsifying agents kunogona kuwedzera kushanda.

6. Acidification: Paunenge uchishandisa cationic vaunganidzi, nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwavo kunyungudika, vanofanirwa kunge vagara varapwa nehydrochloric acid kana acetic acid vasati vanyungudika mumvura kuti ifambe.

7. Aerosol nzira: Iyi ndiyo nzira itsva yekugadzirira iyo inowedzera chiito che reagents. Izvo zvinosanganisira kushandisa yakakosha yekupfapfaidza mudziyo kuita aerosolize mareagents mumhepo svikiro usati wawedzera zvakananga kune tangi inoyerera, saka zvakare inonzi "aerosol flotation nzira." Iyi nzira haingogadzirise kutenderera kwemaminerari anobatsira asi zvakare inoderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwe reagent. Semuenzaniso, muyero wevateresi unogona kungove chikamu chimwe chete muzvitatu kusvika pachikamu chimwe chete muzvina chehuwandu hwenguva dzose, nepo frother dosage inogona kungove chikamu chimwe chete pazvishanu.

8. Electrochemical kurapa reagents: Yazvino yazvino inopfuudzwa kuburikidza nemhinduro yemakemikari kurapa flotation reagents, iyo inogona kushandura iyo reagent mamiriro, pH kukosha, uye redox mukana, nekudaro ichiwedzera kusungirirwa kweanonyanya activating reagent zvikamu, kusimudza iyo yakakosha yekugadzira colloids, uye kuvandudza kupararira kweasina kunyungudika reagents mumvura.

Kazhinji, vaunganidzi uye frothers vanomutswa kwemaminetsi 1-2, nepo mamwe mareagents, senge potassium dichromate anoshandiswa kudzvanya mutobvu mukuparadzaniswa kwemhangura-lead, angangoda kumhanyisa kwenguva refu.

Reagent Yekuwedzera Nzvimbo

Kuti kuwedzere kushanda kwema flotation reagents, tsika yakajairika ndeyekuwedzera maejenti ekugadzirisa, inhibitors, uye vamwe vaunganidzi (semuenzaniso, parafini) muchigayo chebhora kugadzira nzvimbo yakakodzera yekuyangarara nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Vanounganidza uye frothers vanonyanya kuwedzerwa mune yekutanga inosimudzira tangi ye flotation process. Kana pane matangi maviri anokurudzira, activator inofanira kuwedzerwa mutangi yekutanga, nepo muunganidzi uye frother inofanira kuwedzerwa mune yechipiri tangi. Iwo mapoinzi ekuwedzera anosiyana zvichienderana nemabasa emareagents mumushini weflotation. Semuenzaniso, copper sulfate, yero mushonga, uye mafuta emupine zvinowanzowedzerwa nenzira inotevera: copper sulfate inowedzerwa pakati petangi rinokuchidzira rekutanga, mushonga weyero uri pakati petangi rechipiri, uye mafuta epaini panobuda tangi rechipiri rinobvongodza. Kazhinji, miti inoyerera inotanga kuwedzera pH inogadzirisa kuunza slurry kune yakakodzera pH isati yabvumira muunganidzi uye inhibitor kushanda zvakanyanya. Paunenge uchiwedzera ma reagents, zvakakosha kuti uzive nezve nyaya yemamwe maion anokuvadza anokonzera kusashanda reagent. Semuenzaniso, ion yemhangura inopindirana neiyo hydride ion inogona kutungamirira kune kusashanda kwema hydrides. Mukuparadzana kwemhangura-sarufa, kana paine maion akawanda emhangura mutangi rinokurudzira, cyanide haifanirwe kuwedzerwa kune tangi inomutsa asi inofanira kuwedzerwa zvakananga panguva yekuparadzanisa kutenderera.

Reagent Addition Order

Iyo yakajairwa kurongeka kweiyo reagent yekuwedzera mumiti yeflotation ndeiyi: kune kutenderera kweore mbishi, inofanirwa kunge iri pH inogadzirisa, inhibitors kana activators, frothers, uye vateresi; kune zvicherwa zvakavharwa panguva yekuyerera, kurongeka ndeye activators, vaunganidzi, uye frothers.

Reagent Kuwedzera Nzira

Pane kazhinji nzira mbiri dzekuwedzera reagents: yepakati yekuwedzera uye yakapararira yekuwedzera. Sarudzo yekuwedzera nzira inofanirwa kufunga ese ari maviri reagents marudzi uye zviito zve reagents.

1. Centralized Addition: Mazhinji reagents anowedzerwa nechepakati; semuenzaniso, vateresi, activators, uye inhibitors vanowedzerwa kumatangi anokurudzira.

2. Kuwedzera kwakapararira: Mamwe ma reagents anogona kuwedzerwa zvakananga mu flotation tangi, iyo inowanzo shandiswa kune reagents inoputika kana inonzwira kune mamwe mareagents. Semuyenzaniso, kana flotation reagents kukonzera zvinokuvadza mumwe kune mumwe (semuenzaniso, kwakaipa pesvedzero yakawandisa sodium sulfide pane activated flotation), reagents anogona zvakananga akawedzerwa muchina flotation.

mhedziso

Kuburikidza nesarudzo chaiyo, kugadzirira, kuyerwa, uye kuwedzera kwema flotation reagents, kugadzirwa kwemaminerari uye geological ongororo inogona kuvandudzwa, ichiwedzera huchokwadi uye kugona kwebvunzo uye ongororo. Aya matipi ekushanda ane chinangwa chekubatsira nyanzvi dzemurabhoritari uye mainjiniya emigodhi mukushandisa zvirinani mareagents ekufambisa, zvichitungamira mukuvandudzika kwekushanda uye mhedzisiro yakavimbika.