Maitiro Akanakisa eEmergency Response kune Sodium Cyanide Zviitiko

ziviso

Sodium cyanide ikemikari ine chepfu yakawanda inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akadai sekuchera migodhi, kugadzira ma electroplating, uye kugadzira makemikari. Zvisinei, chepfu yayo uye mukana wayo wemigumisiro yakaipa kana pakaitika njodzi inoda matanho akasimba ekuchengetedza uye hurongwa hwakarongeka hwekupindura nekukurumidza . Chinyorwa chino chine chinangwa chekupa ongororo yakazara yenzira dzakanakisa dzekubata netsaona dze sodium cyanide kuchengetedza hupenyu, pfuma, uye nharaunda.

Kunzwisisa Sodium Cyanide

Sodium cyanide ipfu chena yekristalo kana granular. Kana ikasangana nemvura, maacid, kana zvimwe zvinhu, inogona kuburitsa gasi rehydrogen cyanide, makemikari ane chepfu asphyxiant. Gasi iri rinokanganisa kugona kwemuviri kushandisa okisijeni, zvichikonzera kufa nekukurumidza kana ikashandiswa. Chinhu ichi chine mhedzisiro mumuviri, nehurongwa hwepakati hwetsinga (uropi), hurongwa hwemwoyo (mwoyo netsinga dzeropa), uye hurongwa hwemapapu (mapapu) zviri izvo zvinonyanya kunzwa kunhuwa kwaro. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kunyangwe gasi rehydrogen cyanide ringave nekunhuhwirira kwealmond kwakasiyana kune vamwe, chikamu chikuru chevanhu hachigone kuzviona, uye Sodium Cyanide haina hwema kana yakaoma.

Emergency Preparedness

Kuongorora Kwengozi uye Kuronga

• Ziva Njodzi : Ita ongororo yakakwana yemaitiro ese nenzvimbo dzekuchengetera zvinhu uko Sodium cyanide inoshandiswa kana kuchengetwa. Sarudza mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kukonzera kudonha kwemvura, kudururwa kwemvura, kana kuburitswa kwemvura, zvakaita sekukundikana kwemidziyo, kukanganisa kwevanhu, kana njodzi dzechisikigo.

• Gadzirai Zvirongwa Zvekupindura Panjodzi : Gadzirai zvirongwa zvakadzama zvinotsanangura matanho anofanira kutorwa kana paine mhando dzakasiyana dzesodium cyanide. Zvirongwa izvi zvinofanirwa kusanganisira nzira dzekubuda munjodzi, nzira dzekutaurirana, uye nzira dzekubvisa tsvina.

• Tsanangura Mabasa neMabasa : Ipa mabasa kuvanhu vakasiyana kana mapoka akasiyana mabasa. Semuenzaniso, sarudza vatungamiriri vezviitiko, mapoka ekununura, vanopa rubatsiro rwezvekurapa, uye mapoka ekuchengetedza nharaunda. Iva nechokwadi chekuti munhu wese anonzwisisa basa rake uye hurongwa hwese hwekupindura.

Kudzidzira uye Drills

• Dzidzisai vashandi vese vanogona kunge vari mukubata sodium cyanide kana kugadzirisa dambudziko. Dzidzisai vashandi vese vanogona kunge vari mukubata sodium cyanide kana kugadzirisa dambudziko. Dzidziso inofanira kusanganisira hunhu hwesodium cyanide, nzira dzakachengeteka dzekubata nadzo, kushandisa michina yekudzivirira (PPE), uye nzira dzekubatsira vanhu panguva yenjodzi.

• Kudzidzira : Gara uchidzidzira zvekukurumidzira kuti uedze kushanda kwezvirongwa zvekupindura. Kudzidzira kunofanirwa kutevedzera zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvezviitiko, kusanganisira kudururwa kudiki, kuburitswa kukuru, uye mamiriro ezvinhu anosanganisira vanhu vakakuvara. Ongorora mhedzisiro yekudzidziswa kwega kwega kuti uone nzvimbo dzinoda kugadziriswa.

Equipment and Resources

• Midziyo Yekudzivirira Munhu : Iva nechokwadi chekuti PPE yakakodzera inowanikwa kune vese vanopindura. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira Level A kana Level B chemical - biological - radiological - nuclear (CBRN) self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) ine masutu ekudzivirira, magirovhosi anodzivirira makemikari (emukati nekunze), uye bhutsu dzinodzivirira makemikari.

• Midziyo yekubvisa tsvina : Iine michina yekubvisa tsvina kuvanhu nenzvimbo dzakakanganiswa. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira mapaipi emvura makuru, mashawa ekuchengetedza, nzvimbo dzekugezesa maziso nekukurumidza, uye zvinhu zvinonwisa mvura zvakaita seActivated Carbon yekuchenesa marara.

• Rubatsiro Rwekutanga Nezvinhu Zvekurapa : Isa makit ekubatsira kwekutanga ane mishonga chaiyo yekurapa chepfu yecyanide, yakadai se4 - dimethylaminophenol (4 - DMAP) kana sodium nitrite, pamwe chete nezvimwe zvinhu zvekurapa. Iva nechokwadi chekuti kune vashandi vekurapa vakadzidziswa kana varapi vezvehutano varipo.

• Zvishandiso zveKutaurirana neKutarisa : Gadzira masisitimu ekukurukurirana akavimbika kuti arongedze mashandiro emhinduro. Shandisa masokisi emhepo kutarisa divi remhepo (zvinobatsira pakufanotaura kupararira kweutsi hune chepfu) uye zvishandiso zvinoongorora gasi kuti zviyere huwandu hwegasi rehydrogen cyanide mumhepo.

Mhinduro Yekurumidzira

Chiitiko Kuonekwa uye Kushuma

• Kuona Nekukurumidza : Shandisa nzira dzekutarisa kuti uone kubuda kwe sodium cyanide kana kuburitswa kwayo nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira masensa egasi munzvimbo dzinochengeterwa kana kushandiswa sodium cyanide.

• Kushuma Nekukurumidza : Gadzira nzira yakajeka yekuzivisa. Chero chiitiko chipi zvacho chinofungidzirwa kana chakasimbiswa che sodium cyanide chinofanira kushumwa nekukasika kumadhipatimendi akakodzera emukati (akadai sekuchengetedza, manejimendi) uye kune vekunze (vakadai semadhipatimendi emoto emunharaunda, masangano ekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza). Ipa ruzivo rwakadzama nezvemhando yechiitiko chacho, nzvimbo yacho, uye huwandu hunofungidzirwa hwe sodium cyanide yakabatanidzwa.

Kubviswa uye Kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe

• Budisai vanhu munzvimbo dzakakanganiswa : Budisai vanhu vese vasiri vebasa munzvimbo yakaburitswa sodium cyanide. Shandisai nzira dzakatarwa dzekubuda nevanhu uye nzvimbo dzekuungana. Itai shuwa kuti munhu wese averengerwa panzvimbo dzekuungana.

• Bvisa Nzvimbo Yechiitiko : Gadzira nzvimbo yakatenderedza nzvimbo yechiitiko kudzivirira kupinda kwevanhu vasina mvumo. Hukuru hwenzvimbo yekuzviparadzanisa hunofanira kutariswa zvichienderana nehukuru hwekuburitswa, divi remhepo, nezvimwe zvinhu. Semuenzaniso, kana paine nzvimbo yakakura yekuburitswa, nzvimbo yekuzviparadzanisa ingangoda kuva mazana emamita.

Kununura uye Kutanga - Rubatsiro

• Mabasa Ekununura : Mapoka ekununura akadzidziswa, ane PPE yakakodzera, anofanira kupinda munzvimbo yakakanganiswa kuti anunure vanhu vakakuvara. Shandisa machira ekudzivirira kukuvara kubvisa vanhu vakakuvara munzvimbo ine njodzi.

• Kurapa Rubatsiro Rwekutanga : Ipa rubatsiro rwekutanga nekukurumidza kune vakabatwa nechirwere. Vabvisei panzvimbo ine kusvibiswa, uye kana vakasangana nesodium cyanide, bvisai kusvibisa ganda ravo nemaziso. Kuti vabate ganda, sukurudzai nemvura yakawanda kwemaminitsi makumi maviri. Kuti vabate mumaziso, sukurudzai nemvura kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu. Kana vakabatwa nechirwere vakafema gasi rehydrogen cyanide kana vakamedza sodium cyanide, mupe mishonga yakakodzera nekukurumidza sezvinobvira, asi chete nevashandi vezvehutano vakadzidziswa.

Kuchengetedza uye Kuchenesa - kumusoro

• Iva Nekudururwa Kana Kuburitswa : Kana zvichibvira, vhara kuputsika kwesodium cyanide kudzivirira kupararira kwayo. Kana mvura yadururwa, shandisa zvinhu zvinonyudza kuti unyudze kemikari. Kana yadururwa yakasimba, isa zvinhu izvi mumidziyo yakakodzera. Kana zvikadururwa mumvura, funga nezvekuvaka zvipingamupinyi (zvakaita semafungu munzizi kana madziva) kudzivirira kupararira kwemvura yakasviba.

• Kuchenesa uye Kubvisa tsvina : Chenesa nzvimbo yakakanganiswa zvakanaka. Shandisa zvinhu zvekuchenesa zvakakodzera uye nzira dzakakodzera dzekubvisa tsvina pamusoro, midziyo, nevhu. Zvinhu zvose zvakasvibiswa, kusanganisira zvinhu zvinonyudza, zvinofanirwa kuraswa zvakanaka zvichienderana nemitemo yemuno.

Post - Chiitiko Kutevera - kumusoro

Kutarisa kwezvakatipoteredza

• Kutarisa Mhepo Nemvura : Itai kuti mhepo nemvura zvirambe zvichiongororwa pedyo nenzvimbo yakaitika tsaona. Tarisai kana paine gasi rehydrogen cyanide rasara mumhepo uye maion ecyanide mumvura. Tarisai kwenguva yakareba kuti muve nechokwadi chekuti nharaunda yadzoka pakuva yakachengeteka.

• Kutora Sample yeIvhu : Tora sampuro dzevhu kubva munzvimbo yakakanganiswa kuti uone huwandu hwetsvina. Ona kana paine matanho ekugadzirisa ivhu anodiwa.

Kuongorora uye Kuongorora

• Kuongorora Zvinokonzera Mudzi : Ita ongororo yakadzama kuti uone chinokonzera dambudziko re sodium cyanide. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kuongorora kutadza kwemidziyo, kukanganisa kwevanhu, kana zvikanganiso mumaitiro ekuchengetedza.

• Zvidzidzo Zvadzidzwa : Ongorora maitiro ekubatsira vanhu panguva yenjodzi kuti uone nzvimbo dzinoda kugadziriswa. Gadzirisa zvirongwa zvekubatsira vanhu panguva yenjodzi, mapurogiramu ekudzidzisa, uye nzira dzekuchengetedza zvichibva pane zvidzidzo zvakadzidzwa kubva muchiitiko chacho.

Community Communication

• Rambai Muchiziva Veruzhinji : Garai muchizivisa veruzhinji nezvechiitiko ichi, mabasa ekubatsira, uye mhedzisiro yekutarisa nharaunda. Gadzirisai chero zvinonetsa kana mibvunzo kubva kune veruzhinji kuti murambe makasununguka uye muchivimbana.

Mukupedzisa, yakanyatsogadzirirwa uye yakarongeka mhinduro yekukurumidzira yakakosha mukuderedza kukanganisa kwezviitiko zve sodium cyanide. Nekutevedzera aya akanakisa maitiro, maindasitiri anogona kudzivirira zvirinani vashandi vavo, veruzhinji, uye nharaunda kubva kunjodzi dzine chekuita nekemikari ine muchetura uyu.