Zvivakwa uye mashandisirwo eSodium Cyanide, Yakanyanya Toxic Kemikari

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) inzvimbo ine muchetura inorganic compound inozivikanwa nekunyanya kuuraya uye kusiyanisa Makemikari zvinhu. Ichi chinyorwa chinotarisa mune zvemuviri uye makemikari maitiro e Sodium cyanide uye inoongorora mashandisirwo ayo akasiyana, uku ichiratidzirawo kukosha kwakakosha kwekuchengetedza uye kutonga kwekutonga.

Panyama uye Chemical Zvivakwa

Sodium cyanide ichena, crystalline yakasimba yakaita semunyu wetafura pakuonekwa. Inonyungudika zvakanyanya mumvura, ichiita nyore kugadzira mhinduro yakajeka, isina ruvara. Kunyungudika uku kunobatsira kukurumidza kuparadzirwa munzvimbo dzine mvura, izvo zvinowedzera huturu hwayo. Nekunyungudika kwe563.7 °C uye nzvimbo yekuvira ye1496 °C, Sodium Cyanide inoratidza kugadzikana kwepamusoro kwekushisa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu.

Chemical, sodium cyanide iri reactive zvakanyanya. Inoparadzanisa mumvura kusunungura cyanide ions (CN-), iyo inokonzera huturu hwayo. Kana yasangana nemaasidhi, sodium cyanide inobata zvine simba kuburitsa hydrogen cyanide (HCN), gasi rinoputika uye rine muchetura zvakanyanya. Kuita uku kunoisa njodzi huru, sezvo kunyangwe kuteedzera huwandu hweasidhi hunogona kukonzera kuburitswa kweinouraya hydrogen cyanide. Pamusoro pezvo, sodium cyanide inogona kuita nesimbi dzakasiyana siyana kugadzira yakagadzikana simbi cyanide complexes, chivakwa chinoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akati wandei.

Maindasitiri Kunyorera

Pasinei nekunyanya kuchetura, sodium cyanide inoita basa rakakosha mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana. Imwe yeanonyanya kukosha mashandisirwo esodium cyanide iri muindasitiri yemigodhi, kunyanya mukuchera goridhe nesirivheri. Maitiro, anozivikanwa se cyanidation, anosanganisira kunyungudutsa simbi dzinokosha kubva muore yavo vachishandisa dilute solution ye sodium cyanide. Iyo cyanide ion inogadzira zvinonyunguduka zvine goridhe nesirivha, zvichiita kuti zviparadzanise kubva kune ore matrix. Iyi nzira inoshanda zvakanyanya uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekugona kwayo kuburitsa simbi kubva kune yakaderera-giredhi ores, ichiita kuti ibudirire mune zvehupfumi kumabasa makuru emigodhi.

Sodium cyanide inowanawo kushanda muindasitiri ye electroplating. Inoshandiswa sechinhu chinogadzirisa kugadzirisa simbi ions mumabhati e electroplating. Nekugadzira macomplexes akagadzikana ane simbi ions, sodium cyanide inovimbisa yunifomu uye inonamatira simbi dhipoziti pane substrate, zvichikonzera zvemhando yepamusoro zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi. Ichi chishandiso chakanyanya kukosha mukugadzirwa kwezvishongo, zvikamu zvemotokari, uye zvikamu zvemagetsi, uko kunodiwa simbi yakatsetseka uye yakasimba.

Muindasitiri yemakemikari, sodium cyanide inoshanda sechinhu kiyi mbishi yekugadzirwa kweakasiyana organic uye inorganic makomisheni. Inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemishonga, mishonga yezvipembenene, dhayi, uye mamwe makemikari. Semuenzaniso, sodium cyanide inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwecyanohydrins, iyo inokosha pakati pekugadzirwa kwemishonga uye agrochemicals. Nekudaro, nekuda kwehupfu hwayo, mapuroteni akasimba ekuchengetedza uye maitiro ekubata anofanirwa kuteverwa kana uchishandisa sodium cyanide mumakemikari synthesis.

Kuchengetedza uye Kudzora Kudzora

Nekuda kwehupfu hwayo hwakanyanya, sodium cyanide inozviisa pasi pekutonga kwakasimba munyika zhinji. Kubata, kuchengetedza, uye kutakura kwesodium cyanide kwakanyatso kudzorwa kudzivirira kuratidzwa netsaona uye kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Vashandi vanobata sodium cyanide vanosungirwa kudzidziswa kwakasarudzika uye kupfeka zvakakodzera zvekuzvidzivirira nazvo (PPE), zvinosanganisira magirovhosi, magirazi uye zvinofema. Muchiitiko chekudurura kana kusunungurwa, matanho ekukurumidza uye akakodzera ekupindura anofanirwa kutorwa kuderedza njodzi yekufumurwa uye kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza.

Mukupedzisa, sodium cyanide ine muchetura asi yakakosha muindasitiri ine yakasarudzika yemuviri nemakemikari zvimiro. Mashandisirwo ayo mumigodhi, electroplating, uye makemikari synthesis inosimbisa kukosha kwayo mumaindasitiri akasiyana. Nekudaro, iyo yakanyanyisa chepfu yesodium cyanide inoda akasimba ekuchengetedza matanho uye kudzora kudzora kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwehutano hwevanhu uye nharaunda. Sezvo maindasitiri achiramba achivimba nesodium cyanide, kuenderera mberi kwekutsvagisa nekusimudzira kwakanangana nekutsvaga dzimwe nzira dzakachengeteka uye kuvandudza mitemo yekuchengetedza kuderedza njodzi dzine chekuita nekushandiswa kwayo.