Kurapa kweCyanide muMigodhi yeGoridhe Masara ane Ferrous Sulfate

ziviso

Micheka yemugodhi wegoridhe kazhinji ine mwero wakakwira we cyanide, iyo ine muchetura zvakanyanya uye inopa njodzi huru kune zvakatipoteredza uye hutano hwevanhu. Kuraswa zvisina kufanira kwemiswe iyi kunogona kukonzera kusvibiswa kwevhu, matsime emvura, uye mhepo. Saka, nzira dzekurapa dzinoshanda dzekubvisa cyanide kubva miswe pamugodhi wegoridhe dzakakosha. Pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzekurapa, ferrous sulfate yakabuda sechinhu chinowanzo shandiswa uye chinodhura-chinoshanda reagent. Ichi chinyorwa chichaongorora mashandisirwo eferrous sulfate kurapa cyanide mumigodhi yegoridhe, inovhara zvinhu zvakaita semabatiro ekuita, mamiriro ekushanda, zvinoshanda, uye zvakanakira.

Reaction Mechanisms

Kugadzirwa kweFerrocyanide Complexes

Ferrous sulfate (FeSO₄) ine ferrous ions (Fe²⁺). Kana ferrous sulfate yawedzerwa kumasara emugodhi wegoridhe ane cyanide, iyo ferrous ions inobatwa nemahara cyanide ions (CN⁻) mumaswe. Mhedzisiro yekutanga kuumbwa kweferrocyanide complexes, inogona kumiririrwa nekemikari equation: Fe²⁺ + 6CN⁻ → Fe(CN)₆⁴⁻. Kuita uku ndiko danho rekutanga rekushandisa ferrous sulfate kurapa cyanide - ine maswe.

Chizvarwa chePrussian Blue

Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, kana yakawandisa yeferrous sulfate yakawedzerwa kune cyanide - ine mhinduro, imwezve mhinduro inoitika. Cyanide inoshandurwa kuita insoluble precipitate inozivikanwa se ferric ferrocyanide, inowanzonzi Prussian blue. Iko kemikari yekuita kwekugadzirwa kwebhuruu yePrussian yakaoma uye inogona kurerutswa sezvinotevera: mushure mekugadzirwa kweferrocyanide complexes, mamwe ma ferrous ions anoita ne Fe(CN)₆⁴⁻ kuumba Fe₄(Fe(CN)₆)₃. Iyi insoluble precipitate inobatsira sezvo ichinyatso kudzikisa kusungirirwa kweyakasununguka cyanide mumisara, zvichiita kuti miswe iite huturu.

Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mhinduro yacho haisi yakananga nguva dzose. Prussian bhuruu inogona kuvapo nenzira dzakasiyana pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ekugadzirisa. Imwe fomu yakadai ndeye "soluble Prussian blue," inomiririrwa neMFeⅢ(FeⅡ(CN)₆) (M = K kana Na), iyo inoumba colloidal solution nemvura. Pamusoro pezvo, kunaya kwemvura uye oxidation maitiro anosanganisira ferrous hydroxide zvakare anoita basa mukuita kwese.

Mashandiro Mashandiro

pH Kukosha

Iyo pH kukosha kwemhinduro inokanganisa zvakanyanya kuita pakati peferrous sulfate uye cyanide. Iyo yakakwana pH renji yemaitiro anowanzo ari pakati pe5.5 ne6.5. Mune iyi pH renji, kuita pakati peioni ferrous uye cyanide ndiyo yakanyanya kukurumidza uye yakakwana. Kana iyo pH yakanyanya kuderera (pasi pe4), iyo ferrocyanide ions inova isina kugadzikana. Vanogona kuita kuti vagadzire pentacyano - iron (II) complexes (Fe(CN)₅H₂O)³⁻, iyo inobva yakurumidza oxidized kune ferricyanide ions (Fe(CN)₆³⁻). Kune rumwe rutivi, kana pH yakakwirira kudarika 7. iyo insoluble Prussian blue inogona kuora, ichiita ferrocyanide ions uye yakasiyana-siyana insoluble iron oxides, iyo isingafadzi kubviswa kwe cyanide.

Dosage yeFerrous sulfate

Chiyero cheferrous sulfate chinoda kunyatsodzorwa. Inofanira kusarudzwa maererano nezviri mukati me cyanide mumaswe uye kunaka kwemvura. Kana muyero wacho wakanyanya kuderera, zvingave zvisingakwanisi kubvisa zvachose cyanide. Sezvineiwo, kana muyero wacho wakanyanya kukwirira, haungokonzeresa tsvina chete asi unogona kuunza zvinosvibisa zvitsva. Kuburikidza nemiedzo, zvakaonekwa kuti iyo yakakwana molar ratio yeFe kune CN⁻ ndeye 0.5. Iyi chiyero inovimbisa kubviswa kwakanaka kwecyanide uku ichideredza kushandiswa kweferrous sulfate.

Kusanganiswa uye Sedimentation Nguva

Kusanganisa kwakaringana kwakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuti ferrous ions uye cyanide zvinokwanisa kubata uye kuita. Yakakwana nguva yekusanganisa inobvumira kugovera kwakafanana kwezvinoita mumhinduro, zvichikurudzira chiyero chekuita. Mushure mekuita, nguva yakakodzera ye sedimentation inodiwa. Iyi nguva inobatsira pakuumbwa kwemvura yakagadzikana uye kuderedzwa kwe cyanide concentration mumarara. Iyo chaiyo yekusanganiswa uye sedimentation nguva inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, senge kuwanda kwe cyanide mumisa uye midziyo inoshandiswa pakurapa.

Applications Applications

Nyaya yeChidzidzo cheGold Mine Tailings Treatment Project

Mune imwe purojekiti yekurapa migodhi yegoridhe, nzira yakasanganiswa yeferrous sulfate uye lime yakagamuchirwa. Kutanga, chiyero chakakodzera cheraimu chakawedzerwa kumvura yekumisa kuti igadzirise pH kukosha kune yakakodzera siyana (kazhinji 5.5 - 6.5). Iyi nhanho inobatsira kusimudzira shanduko uye kunaya kwe cyanide. Pashure pacho, ferrous sulfate yakawedzerwa kumvura, uye kupfurikidza nokubvongodza, ayoni ane ferrous akaita zvizere necyanide kuumba Prussian blue nemamwe mvura. Pakupedzisira, mushure mekunaya uye matanho ekusefa, mvura yetsvina yakacheneswa yakawanikwa. Iwo akabatwa tailings akasangana neakakodzera zviyero zvezvakatipoteredza, zvichideredza njodzi yezvakatipoteredza zvakanyanya.

Kusanganiswa nemamwe maReagents

Ferrous sulfate inowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete nemamwe mareagents kuvandudza maitiro ekurapa. Semuenzaniso, inowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete nepamusoro - molecular flocculants yakadai se polyacrylamide. Polyacrylamide inogona kuwedzera kuunganidzwa kwemvura, ichiita kuti sedimentation ishande zvakanyanya. Iyi yakasanganiswa nzira yekurapa haingobvisi zvinokuvadza zvinhu mumisara asiwo inoderedza mutengo wekurapa uye inovandudza kurapa kwakanaka. Nekukwenenzvera dosi uye kuwedzera kutevedzana kweakasiyana reagents, zvirinani kurapwa mhedzisiro inogona kuwanikwa.

Zvakanakira Kushandisa Ferrous Sulfate

Mutengo - kubudirira

Ferrous sulfate haina mari shoma kana ichienzaniswa nemamwe mareagents anoshandiswa kurapa cyanide. Kuwanikwa kwayo kwakakura mumusika kunoita kuti ive sarudzo inokwezva kumakambani emigodhi yegoridhe. Kushandisa ferrous sulfate kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya mutengo wekumisa machira, kunyanya kumigodhi mikuru yegoridhe inoburitsa maswe akawanda. Mutengo uyu - kushanda kwakakosha pakushanda kwakasimba kwemabhizinesi ekuchera goridhe.

Nzira Yokurapa Yakareruka

Nzira yekurapa uchishandisa ferrous sulfate iri nyore. Mushure mekuwedzera ferrous sulfate kune tailings uye kugadzirisa zvakakodzera maitiro ekuita, iyo inotevera kupatsanurwa uye kunaya kwemvura matanho ari nyore. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mvura yetsvina inobatwa neferrous sulfate haidi matanho akaomarara ekuparadzanisa asati aenda kune imwe nzira yekurapa, iyo inochengetedza maitiro ekuita uye inorerutsa maitiro ese ekurapa. Izvi zviri nyore zvakare zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kune vashandisi kudzora nekugadzirisa maitiro ekurapa.

Matambudziko uye Maonero Anouya

Environmental Impact of By - zvigadzirwa

Kunyangwe ferrous sulfate kurapwa ichikwanisa kubvisa cyanide kubva mumigodhi yegoridhe, zvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa panguva yekugadzira, senge iron - ine mvura inonaya, inogona zvakare kukanganisa nharaunda. Semuyenzaniso, kana isina kuraswa zvakanaka, aya madhiri anogona kuburitsa iron ions kana zvimwe zvinhu mumhepo nekufamba kwenguva. Tsvagiridzo yenguva yemberi inodiwa kutsvaga nzira dzinoshanda dzekubata izvi ne-zvigadzirwa kuti zvideredze tsoka yezvakatipoteredza.

Optimization of Treatment Conditions for Different Tailings

Migodhi yegoridhe inogona kusiyana zvakanyanya mukuumbwa uye zvivakwa kubva kune mumwe mugodhi kuenda kune mumwe. Iwo aripo emhando yekurapa mamiriro eferrous sulfate, senge pH kukosha, dosi, uye nguva yekuita, ingangoda kuwedzeredzwa kune akasiyana marudzi emaswe. Tsvagiridzo yakadzama inodiwa kuti ugadzire nzira inochinjika uye inochinjika yekurapa iyo inogona kushandiswa kune yakafararira yegoridhe tailings, kuvandudza kushanda kwese uye kushanda kwecyanide kurapwa.

Mukupedzisa, ferrous sulfate chinhu chakakosha chekugadzirisa cyanide mumigodhi yegoridhe. Nekunzwisisa maitiro ayo ekuita, kugadzirisa mamiriro ekushanda, uye kuongorora mashandisirwo anoshanda, inogona kuita basa rakakosha mukuderedza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kwezviitwa zvekuchera goridhe. Zvisinei, kuenderera mberi kwekutsvakurudza nekuvandudza kuchiri kudiwa kugadzirisa matambudziko ane chokuita nenzira iyi yekurapa uye kuita kuti indasitiri yemigodhi yegoridhe ive yakasimba.