Maitiro eMakambani eMigodhi Achishandisa Sodium Cyanide

Muindasitiri yemigodhi, kunyanya mumabasa ekubvisa goridhe, sodium cyanide inoita basa guru. Zvisinei, nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hune chepfu uye hunokanganisa mashandiro ayo, matanho akasimba anofanira kuiswa kuitira kuchengetedza vashandi, kuchengetedza nharaunda, uye kuchengetedza mitemo. Chinyorwa chino chinotarisa maitiro akazara anofanira kuteverwa nemakambani emigodhi paanenge achishandisa Sodium Cyanide.

Kunzwisisa Sodium Cyanide

Properties

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) chinhu chichena, chine kristalo ine hwema husina kusimba hwakaita sehwema remuarumondi. Inonyungudika zvakanyanya mumvura, izvo zvinobatsira uye zvinonetsa mumabasa ekuchera. Kunyungudika kwayo kunoita kuti ishandiswe zvinobudirira mukuita kuti itsvedzerere goridhe. Zvisinei, zvinorevawo kuti nzira dzakakodzera dzekudzivirira nekurasira tsvina dzakakosha kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.

Inoshandiswa muMigodhi

Mukuchera goridhe, Sodium cyanide inonyanya kushandiswa mukuita kwecyanidation. Maitiro aya anosanganisira kuumbwa kwegold-cyanide complex inonyungudika. Sodium cyanide solution inoiswa muore, uye goridhe riri mukati meore rinonyungudika musolution. Zvadaro, goridhe-bearing solution rinoparadzaniswa uye rinonatswa kuti riwane goridhe rakachena. Pasinei nekushanda kwayo mukubvisa goridhe, kushandiswa kwesodium cyanide kunouya nenjodzi huru.

Chengetedzo Yekuchengetedza Mukubata

Chidziviriro Chekushandisa (PPE)

Vashandi vanobata sodium cyanide vanofanira kunge vaine PPE yakakodzera nguva dzese. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Magorovhosi : Magorovhosi anodzivirira makemikari akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakaita se nitrile kana neoprene anofanira kupfekwa kudzivirira kusangana kweganda. Sodium cyanide inogona kunyudzwa neganda, zvichikonzera njodzi huru kuhutano.

• Magogorosi : Magogorosi asingatsvedzeri akakosha kudzivirira maziso kubva pakusviba kwemvura ye sodium cyanide. Kusviba kwemaziso ne cyanide kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kwakanyanya uye kutoita kuti munhu asaonekwe.

• MaRespirators : MaRespirators ane ma cartridges akakodzera, anokwanisa kuchenesa utsi hwe cyanide nezvidimbu, anofanira kushandiswa. Sezvo sodium cyanide ichigona kuburitsa gasi rine chepfu re hydrogen cyanide pasi pemamwe mamiriro (senge kana ikasangana neacids kana kupisa), dziviriro yekufema inokosha.

Mabatiro Akachengeteka

1. Kutakurwa: Sodium cyanide inofanira kutakurwa mumidziyo yakagadzirwa zvakanaka, isingadonhedze mvura. Mota dzinotakura dzinofanira kunyorwa zvakajeka kuti dzinotakura zvinhu zvine njodzi. Panguva yekutakura, midziyo inofanira kusungwa zvakanaka kudzivirira kufamba uye kudonha kwemvura.

2. Kuchengetera :

• Nzvimbo Dzakarongwa : Sodium cyanide inofanira kuchengetwa munzvimbo yekuchengetera yakatsaurirwa, ine mhepo yakakwana uye yakasiyana nemamwe makemikari. Nzvimbo yekuchengetera inofanira kuvakwa nezvinhu zvisingaparadzwe nengura necyanide.

• Kufefetedza : Masisitimu ekufema akakwana anofanira kunge aripo kudzivirira kuungana kwemagasi ane chepfu. Mwero wekufema unofanirwa kugadzirwa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwesodium cyanide yakachengetwa uye saizi yenzvimbo yekuchengetera.

• Kuchengetedzwa : Nzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu inofanira kunge yakachengeteka zvakanyanya, ine vanhu vanobvumirwa chete ndivo vanofanira kubvumidzwa kupinda. Kushandisa sisitimu ye "double-lock", uko vanhu vaviri vanofanirwa kupinda munzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu panguva imwe chete, kunogona kuwedzera kuchengetedzeka.

3. Kusanganisa uye Kusanganisa : Pakugadzirira sodium cyanide solutions, maitiro acho anofanira kuitwa munzvimbo ine mhepo yakanaka, zvichitevera mitemo yakasimba. Chiyero chakakodzera chesodium cyanide nemvura chinofanira kutevedzwa, uye kusanganisa kunofanira kuitwa zvishoma nezvishoma kudzivirira kupfapfaidzwa. Vashandi vari mukuita kwekusanganisa vanofanira kunge vakadzidziswa zvakanaka uye vaine PPE yakakodzera.

4. Zvishandiso Zvekudurura : Zvishandiso zvekudurura zvinofanira kuwanikwa nyore nyore munzvimbo dzese dzinobatwa nesodium cyanide. Zvishandiso izvi zvinofanira kunge zvine zvinhu zvinonyudza, zvakaita se activated carbon kana special absorbent pads, kuti zvinyudze sodium cyanide yadururwa. Zvinhu zvinodzivirira, zvakaita sehydrogen peroxide kana sodium hypochlorite, zvinofanirawo kuiswa muzvishandiso zvekudurura kuti zviite semakemikari necyanide uye kuderedza chepfu yayo. Vashandi vanofanira kudzidziswa nguva nenguva nezvekushandisa zvakanaka zvishandiso zvekudurura.

Emergency Response Plan

Spill Containment

Muchiitiko chekuparara kwe sodium cyanide, chiito chekukurumidza chinodiwa:

1. Kubuda : Bvisai vashandi vese vasiri vebasa munzvimbo iyi. Itai shuwa kuti nzira dzekubuda dzakanyorwa zvakajeka uye hadzina zvipingamupinyi.

2. Kudzivirira : Shandisa makit ekudurura mvura kudzivirira kupararira kwe sodium cyanide yadururwa. Komberedza nzvimbo yadururwa nezvinhu zvinonyudza mvura kudzivirira cyanide kuti isayerere mumigero, matsime emvura, kana dzimwe nzvimbo.

3. Ziviso : Zivisai vane masimba akakodzera, kusanganisira masangano ekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza nemapoka ekubatsira panguva yenjodzi. Vapei ruzivo rwakadzama nezverudzi rwekudururwa kwacho, huwandu hwesodium cyanide hwacho, uye nzvimbo yadururwa.

4. Kuchenesa : Mushure mekunge marara adonhera, kuchenesa kunofanira kuitwa nevashandi vakadzidziswa. Zvinhu zvakasvibiswa zvinofanira kuunganidzwa uye kuraswa nemazvo, zvichitevera mitemo yese yakakodzera.

Kutanga Kubatsira Maitiro

1. Kudzidziswa : Vashandi vese vanogona kusangana nesodium cyanide vanofanira kudzidziswa nzira dzekubatsira vanhu kuti vasabatwa necyanide. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuziva zviratidzo zvemuchetura wecyanide, zvinogona kubva pazviratidzo zvidiki zvakaita sekusvotwa, dzungu, uye kufema zvishoma kusvika pazviratidzo zvakakomba zvakaita sekurasikirwa nepfungwa uye kumira kufema.

2. Kurapa Okisijeni : Kana paine cyanide, mushonga weokisijeni unofanira kupiwa ipapo ipapo. Okisijeni inoyerera zvakanyanya inogona kubatsira kudzivirira migumisiro yecyanide, iyo inokanganisa kugona kwemuviri kushandisa okisijeni pamasero.

3. Kupiwa Kwemushonga Wekurapa : Mishonga yekurapa chepfu yecyanide, yakadai sehydroxocobalamin kana sodium thiosulfate, inofanira kuwanikwa zviri nyore. Vashandi vakadzidziswa vanofanira kupa mushonga wakakodzera nekukurumidza, vachitevera mwero unokurudzirwa uye maitiro.

Kuteerera Kwemitemo

Occupational Safety uye Health Administration (OSHA) Mitemo

Makambani emigodhi anofanirwa kutevedzera mirau yeOSHA maererano nekubata kwakachengeteka kwemakemikari ane chepfu. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

1. Zvinodiwa paKudzidziswa : Kupa kudzidziswa kwakazara kuvashandi nezvenjodzi dzesodium cyanide uye nzira dzakakodzera dzekubata nadzo. Kudzidziswa kunofanirwa kugadziriswa nguva nenguva kuti kuratidze chero shanduko dziri mumitemo kana nzira dzakanakisisa dzekushandisa.

2. Miganhu Yokusangana Nechinhu : Kutarisa nekuchengetedza miganhu yekusangana nechinhu chesodium cyanide kubasa. OSHA inogadza miganhu inotenderwa yekusangana nechinhu chesodium cyanide (PELs) yemhepo, uye makambani anofanira kuona kuti kusangana nechinhu chemushandi hakupfuuri miganhu iyi.

3. Kuchengeta Zvinyorwa : Kuchengetedza zvinyorwa zvakadzama zvekudzidziswa kwevashandi, mhedzisiro yekutarisa kusangana kwevarwere, uye chero zviitiko zvine chekuita nekubata sodium cyanide.

Environmental Regulations

1. Mvumo : Kuwana mvumo inodiwa yekushandisa uye kurasa sodium cyanide. Makambani emigodhi anofanirwa kuratidza masangano anotonga nharaunda kuti ane nzira dzakakodzera dzekuderedza kukanganisa kwekushandiswa kwecyanide kunharaunda.

2. Kuraswa Kwemarara : Kuraswa nemazvo marara ane cyanide. Cyanide - zvinhu zvakasvibiswa, zvakaita setsvina inobva mukubviswa kwegoridhe, zvinofanirwa kurapwa nekuraswa nenzira inoenderana nemitemo yezvakatipoteredza. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira maitiro akadai sekurapa nemakemikari kuti cyanide iparadzwe kana kuchengetedza marara munzvimbo dzakatenderwa.

3. Kutarisa : Kugara uchitarisa ivhu, mvura, nemhepo zviri pedyo nenzvimbo yekuchera migodi kuti uone kana paine kusvibiswa kwecyanide. Chero zviratidzo zvekusvibiswa zvinofanirwa kuziviswa nekukasika kune vane masimba ezvakatipoteredza, uye matanho ekugadzirisa anofanira kutorwa.

Kudzidziswa uye Dzidzo

Zvirongwa zvekudzidzisa kwevashandi

1. Kudzidziswa Kwekutanga : Vashandi vatsva vanofanira kudzidziswa zvakadzama nezvehunhu hwesodium cyanide, njodzi dzayo, uye nzira dzese dzekuchengetedza dzine chekuita nekubata kwayo nekuichengeta. Kudzidziswa uku kunofanira kusanganisira ruzivo rwedzidziso pamwe nemuenzaniso unoshanda.

2. Kudzidziswa Kwekuvandudza : Kudzidziswa kwekuvandudza kunofanira kuitwa nguva dzose kuvashandi vese. Kudzidziswa uku kunogona kusimbisa tsika dzakachengeteka, kuzivisa vashandi nezve shanduko dziri mumaitiro kana mitemo, uye kugadzirisa chero matambudziko matsva ekuchengetedza.

3. Kuongororwa Kwehunyanzvi : Kuita ongororo dzehunyanzvi kuona kuti vashandi vane hunyanzvi mukubata sodium cyanide. Kuongororwa kunogona kusanganisira bvunzo dzakanyorwa, kuratidzwa kwehunyanzvi hunoshanda, uye kutevedzera mhinduro dzekukurumidza.

Inoenderera Dzidzo

1. Zvichangobva Kuitika muIndasitiri : Kugara uine ruzivo nezvekuvandudzwa kwazvino mukubata kwakachengeteka kwesodium cyanide. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nekunyorera kumabhuku eindasitiri, kutora chikamu mumaforamu epamhepo, uye kutevera zviziviso zvemasangano anotonga.

2. Maseminari neMisangano : Kukurudzira vashandi kupinda maseminari nemisangano ine chekuita nekuchengetedzeka kwemugodhi uye kushandiswa kwesodium cyanide. Zviitiko izvi zvinogona kupa mikana inokosha yekubatana uye kusangana nehunyanzvi hutsva hwekuchengetedza uye maitiro.

3. Kutaurirana Kwemukati : Kuchengetedza sisitimu yekutaurirana yemukati inoshanda yekugovana ruzivo rwekuchengetedza, maitiro akanakisa, uye chero mishumo yezviitiko pakati pevashandi. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kusimudzira tsika yekufunga nezvekuchengetedza mukati mekambani yemigodhi.

Mukupedzisa, kushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide mumabasa ekuchera kunoda nzira dzakakwana dzekuona kuchengetedzeka uye kutevedzera mitemo. Nekunzwisisa hunhu nenjodzi dze sodium cyanide, kushandisa matanho akasimba ekuchengetedza , kuva nehurongwa hwekukurumidza, kutevedzera mitemo, uye kupa kudzidziswa nedzidzo nguva dzose, makambani emigodhi anogona kuderedza njodzi dzinobatanidzwa nekushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide uye kubatsira muindasitiri yemigodhi yakachengeteka uye inogara kwenguva refu.