Basa reSodium Cyanide muTextile Printing uye Dyeing

ziviso

Sodium cyanide (NaCN), chinhu chemakemikari chine huremu hwe49.007 g/mol, chinhu chena chekristalline solid. Chine chepfu zvakanyanya uye chinoda kubatwa nekungwarira. Pasinei nehupfu hwacho, sodium cyanide inoita mabasa akakosha muindasitiri yekudhinda nekudhaya machira . Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora mabasa aya zvakadzama, pamwe chete nepfungwa dzekufunga nezvekushandiswa kwayo.

Mabasa muTextile Printing uye Dyeing

1. Mordant muDyeing Processes

Mukugadzira machira, mordant chinhu chinoshandiswa kubatsira madhayi kunamira pajira. Sodium cyanide inogona kushanda semordant mune mamwe maitiro ekudhaya. Inogadzira macomplexes ane ma ions esimbi ari mune mamwe madhayi uye machira. Semuenzaniso, kana paine madhayi echisikigo ane ma chromophores esimbi (chikamu chemorekuru chinotarisira ruvara), Sodium Cyanide inogona kuwedzera kubatana pakati pedhayi nefiber. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti cyanide ion (CN⁻) ine hukama hwakasimba nema ions esimbi. Inogona kuumba ma coordination complexes, ayo anozovhara musiyano uripo pakati pedhayi nejira, zvichikonzera kuti dhayi irambe yakasimba uye yakasimba.

2. Synthesis of Textile Fibers

Mafiber ese ekugadzira anoshandiswa muindasitiri yemachira anoshandisa Sodium cyanide panguva yekugadzira kwawo. Semuenzaniso, mukugadzirwa kwenylon, imwe yemafiber akajairika ekugadzira, sodium cyanide inoshandiswa mukugadzira adiponitrile, inova nzira yakakosha yepakati. Nzira yekuita inosanganisira kushandiswa kwesodium cyanide kuunza mapoka e nitrile. Panyaya yemafiber epolyester, kunyangwe maitiro acho akaomarara uye kazhinji anosanganisira maitiro akasiyana emakemikari zvichienzaniswa nenylon, sodium cyanide inogona kubatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwezvimwe zvezvinhu zvekutanga kana mune mamwe maitiro e catalytic. Aya mafiber ekugadzira anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yemachira nekuda kwehunhu hwawo hunodiwa senge simba, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kuramba makwinya, uye sodium cyanide inoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirwa kwawo.

3. Kugadzirwa Kwedhayi

Sodium cyanide inoshandiswa mukugadzira dhayi dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa mukudhinda machira nekudhaya. Inoshanda sechinhu chakasvibirira mukugadzirwa kwemamwe marudzi edhayi, kunyanya ayo ane makemikari akaoma. Semuenzaniso, mukugadzirwa kwemamwe madhayi anochinja, ayo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya kudhayira cellulosic fiber sedonje, sodium cyanide inogona kubatanidzwa mune akawanda-nhanho synthesis process. Reactive madhayi anoumba covalent zvisungo nemamorekuru efiber panguva yekudhaya, achipa kunaka kwemavara. Iyo cyanide - ine makomisheni inogona kushandiswa kuvaka mapoka anochinja mukati memorekuru wedhayi anokonzeresa iyi covalent bond kuumbwa.

Chengetedzo uye Mafungiro Ezvakatipoteredza

Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwehupfu, kushandiswa kwesodium cyanide muindasitiri yemachira kunofanirwa kudzorwa. Kufemba, kubata ganda, kana kunwa kunyange zvidiki zvesodium cyanide zvinogona kuuraya vanhu. Inogona kukonzera masero kuti asakwanise kushandisa okisijeni, zvichiita kuti kukurumidza kufa kwesero uye pakupedzisira, kana muyero wakakwana ukabatwa, kufa kwemunhu.

Kubva pamaonero ezvakatipoteredza, kuraswa kwakafanira kwetsvina ipi neipi ine sodium cyanide kwakakosha. Kana ikaburitswa mumiviri yemvura, sodium cyanide inogona kuita hydrolyze kuumba hydrogen cyanide gasi, iyo ine muchetura zvakare uye inogona kutyisidzira hupenyu hwemumvura uye yakatenderedza ecosystem. Munyika dzakawanda, kune mitemo yakasimba nemirau inodzora kuchengetwa, kubata, uye kuraswa kwesodium cyanide mumaindasitiri, kusanganisira kudhinda machira nekudhaya. Mitemo iyi ine chinangwa chekudzikisa njodzi yetsaona uye kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.

mhedziso

Sodium cyanide, kunyangwe inonyatsozivikanwa huturu, inoita basa rakakosha mukudhinda machira uye dhayi, kubva pakufambisa dhayi - jira rinosunga se mordant kuti rive chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemachira nedhayi. Nekudaro, nekuda kwehupfu hwayo hwakanyanya uye njodzi dzinogona kuitika kwezvakatipoteredza, kushandiswa kwayo kunofanirwa kunyatsotariswa uye kudzorwa. Sezvo indasitiri yemachira iri kuramba ichishanduka, kuedza kuri kuitwa kuvandudza mamwe maitiro uye makemikari anogona kuwana mhedzisiro imwechete pasina njodzi dzakabatana dzekushandisa sodium cyanide.