Sodium Cyanide: Iyo Inoshanda Solution Yeyakaderera-Giredhi Goridhe Ore Leaching

Munzvimbo yekuchera goridhe, kutorwa kwegoridhe kubva kune yakaderera-giredhi ores kwagara kuri dambudziko rakakura. Ores yegoridhe yakaderera, kazhinji ine 0.30 - 0.50g/t yegoridhe, iripo yakaoma hunhu iyo inotadzisa dzakatwasuka nzira dzekuchera. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwe Sodium cyanide muLeaching process yabuda semhinduro inoshanda kwazvo, ichichinja mabatiro atinoita ores akadaro.

Basa reSodium Cyanide muGoridhe Leaching

Sodium cyanide ikemikari inosanganisa iyo inoita basa rakakosha mukutorwa kwegoridhe kubva mumatombo ayo. Paunenge uchisangana negoridhe-inotakura ores, Sodium Cyanide inopindirana negoridhe, ichiita inonyungudika yegoridhe cyanide yakaoma. Kuita uku kunogona kurerutswa sezvizvi:

4Au + 8NaCN + O₂ + 2H₂O → 4Na[Au(CN)₂] + 4NaOH

Iyi nzira yekuomesesa inobvumira goridhe, iro rinowanzo kuwanikwa mune madiki uye akapararira mafomu mukati meore matrix, kunyungudutswa uye kuparadzaniswa kubva kune yakatenderedza gangue zvicherwa. Iyo yakasarudzika yemakemikari zvinhu zve sodium cyanide inoita kuti ikwanise kunanga goridhe, ichiita kuti ive yakanakira reagent yekushanda kwegoridhe.

Iyo Leaching Maitiro Kushandisa Sodium Cyanide

1. Gadziriro Yesimbi

Nhanho yekutanga mune yakaderera-giredhi goridhe ore leaching process kugadzirira ore. Izvi zvinosanganisira kupwanya nekukuya simbi kusvika pakukura kwakakodzera. Chinangwa ndechekufumura akawanda emaminerari ane goridhe sezvinobvira, kuwedzera kubatana pakati pe sodium cyanide solution negoridhe. Semuyenzaniso, mukuvhiya kwakajairika, ore inogona kupwanywa pachishandiswa shaya dzinopwanya shaya nemakoronyera, yozoenderera mberi nepasi mumagayo ebhora kuti iwane saizi yechikamu chakakodzera kufambisa zvakanaka, kazhinji muhupamhi hwe -150 + 75 µm sezvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti ndizvo zvakakwana kune mamwe ores.

2. Leaching

Kana ore yagadzirwa, inoiswa munzvimbo inoyerera. Kune nzira dzakasiyana dzekucheka, ne murwi leaching kuve yakajairika kune yakaderera-giredhi ores. Mumurwi wekucheka, simbi inotutirwa pane yakanyatsogadzirwa isingapindire pasi pedhi. Mushonga wesodium cyanide, kazhinji uri pakati pe200 - 500 ppm, unoramba uchimwaya pamusoro pemurwi wesimbi. Mhinduro yacho inoputika kuburikidza nesimbi, ichiita negoridhe uye kuinyungudutsa. Iyo leaching process inowanzoitwa pasi pemamiriro ealkaline, ine pH yemhinduro inochengetwa yakatenderedza 10 - 11 uchishandisa lime kana sodium hydroxide. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira kuumbwa kwehydrogen cyanide gasi, muchetura byproduct, uye zvakare inosimudzira kunyungudika kwegoridhe mumushonga wecyanide.

3. Goridhe Recovery

Mushure mekunge goridhe ranyungudutswa mumushonga wecyanide, danho rinotevera nderekudzosera. Imwe yenzira dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya ndeye carbon-in-pulp (CIP) kana carbon-in-leach (CIL) process. Mune aya maitiro, activated kabhoni inowedzerwa kune leach slurry. Iyo yegoridhe cyanide complex inoshongedzwa pamusoro peiyo activated kabhoni nekuda kwekubatana kwayo kwegoridhe. Iyo kabhoni yakatakurwa inozopatsanurwa kubva kune slurry, uye goridhe rinobviswa kubva kabhoni uchishandisa caustic cyanide mhinduro. Mushure mezvo, goridhe rinodzoserwa kubva mumhinduro yakasvibiswa kuburikidza ne electrowinning kana zinc kunaya kwemvura. Imwe nzira ndeye zinc poda yekutsiva nzira, iyo inokodzera goridhe-ine goridhe mvura yakakosha mushure me cyanide leaching. Zinc hupfu kana zinc wire inoshandiswa sechinhu chinoderedza kupinza goridhe kubva mumushonga.

4. Tailings Kurapa

Izvo zvakasara mushure mekudzoreredzwa kwegoridhe, inozivikanwa sematailings, ine yakasara cyanide uye kumwe kusvibiswa. Kurapa kwakakodzera kwemachira kwakakosha pakuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Miswe yacho inowanzobatwa nemakemikari kuputsa cyanide yasara. Semuenzaniso, hydrogen peroxide kana sulfur dioxide inogona kushandiswa kuita oxidize iyo cyanide kune isiri-chepfu makomisheni. Mushure mekurapwa, machira anowanzo kuraswa mudhamu rakanyatsogadzirwa retailings, iro rakagadzirwa kudzivirira kuburitswa kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza munzvimbo.

Zvakanakira Kushandisa Sodium Cyanide mune Yakaderera-Giredhi Goridhe Ore Leaching

1. High Selectivity

Sodium cyanide inoratidza yakakwira dhigirii yekusarudza yakanangana negoridhe. Inogona kunyungudutsa goridhe zvine mutsindo ichisiya mamwe akawanda mamineral mune ore matrix isina kubatwa. Iyi sarudzo inobvumira kupatsanurwa kwakanaka kwegoridhe kubva kune yakaoma ore yakasanganiswa, iyo inonyanya kukosha mune yakaderera-giredhi ores apo goridhe rinenge rakaderera, uye kuvapo kwemamwe maminerari anogona kukanganisa nzira yekubvisa.

2. Mutengo-Kubudirira

Kuenzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzekubvisa goridhe kubva kune yakaderera-giredhi ores, kushandiswa kwesodium cyanide mukuita leaching kunodhura-inoshanda. Iwo mareagents anodiwa, akadai sesodium cyanide pachayo, lime yekugadziridza pH, uye activated kabhoni yekudzoreredza goridhe, inotengeswa nemitengo inonzwisisika. Pamusoro pezvo, michina inoshandiswa mucyanide leaching process, senge macrusher, grinders, leaching matangi, uye kabhoni adsorption makoramu, ndiyo yakajairwa migodhi michina, iyo inowedzera kuderedza mutengo wese wekushanda.

3. Yakanyatsogadziriswa Technology

Kushandiswa kwesodium cyanide mune goridhe leaching ine nhoroondo refu, kubva kuma1880s. Kwemakore, kutsvagisa kwakanyanya uye ruzivo runoshanda zvakaunganidzwa, zvichikonzera tekinoroji yakanyatsogadzirwa uye yakanatswa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti makambani emigodhi anogona kuvimba nemaitiro uye nzira dzakasimbiswa, kuderedza njodzi dzine chekuita nemaitiro matsva uye asina kuongororwa. Izvo zviripo zvivakwa uye hwaro hweruzivo muindasitiri zvakare zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kuita uye kukwidziridza cyanide leaching mashandiro.

Matambudziko Akabatana neSodium Cyanide Kushandisa uye Mhinduro Dzavo

1. Muchetura

Sodium cyanide ine muchetura zvakanyanya, uye kubata kwayo nekushandiswa kunoisa njodzi kuhutano hwevanhu uye nharaunda. Mukupindura dambudziko iri, mitemo yakasimba yekuchengetedza yakashandiswa mumabasa emigodhi. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuchengetera kwakakodzera munzvimbo dzakachengeteka, dzinopinda mhepo zvakanaka, kushandiswa kwemichina yokuzvidzivirira nayo nevashandi, uye kudzidziswa nguva dzose pamaitirwo ekubata zvisina ngozi. Pamusoro pezvo, matekinoroji ehunyanzvi ari kuvandudzwa kuderedza kushandiswa kwesodium cyanide. Semuyenzaniso, kuvandudzwa kweimwe leaching reagents, senge thiosulfate-based leaching agents, ayo asina muchetura zvishoma, anoratidza chivimbiso. Kunyange zvazvo dzimwe nzira idzi dzisati dzagamuchirwa zvakanyanya sesodium cyanide, tsvakurudzo inoenderera mberi ine chinangwa chekuvandudza mashandiro avo uye mari-inoshanda.

2. Kunetseka Kwezvakatipoteredza

Kushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide kunogona kukonzera kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kana kusina kutarisirwa zvakanaka. Cyanide mumiswe inogona kupinda muvhu nemvura zvitubu, zvichikonzera kukuvadza kuhupenyu hwemvura uye zvipenyu. Kuti zvigadzirise izvi, nzira dzepamusoro dzekugadzirisa tailings dziri kushandiswa. Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandiswa kwemadhamu ane mitsetse ekudzivirira kuputika, uye kurapwa kwemiswe kuderedza mazinga ecyanide kusvika kumiganhu inogamuchirwa. Mamwe makambani emigodhi ari kuongorora zvakare mukana wekudzokorodza nekushandisa zvakare cyanide mukuita leaching, zvichiwedzera kuderedza kukanganisa kwayo kwezvakatipoteredza.

3. Complex Ore Hunhu

Yakaderera-giredhi goridhe ores kazhinji ine yakaoma mineralogical nziyo, izvo zvinogona kuunza matambudziko kune cyanide leaching process. Semuenzaniso, kuvapo kwemamwe maminerari e sulfide, akadai se pyrite, anogona kudya cyanide uye oxygen, zvichideredza kushanda kwekuchera goridhe. Kuti ukunde izvi, dzimwe nguva nzira dzekutanga kurapwa dzinoshandiswa. Oxidation pre-treatment, senge bio-oxidation kana kugocha, inogona kushandiswa kuputsa zvicherwa zve sulfide uye kuita kuti goridhe riwanikwe nyore kumushonga wecyanide. Pamusoro pezvo, kukwidziridza maparamendi ekusiya, senge kuwanda kwesodium cyanide, iyo pH yemhinduro, uye nguva yeleaching, inogona kubatsira kuvandudza kugona kwekubvisa kwemhando dzakasiyana ore.

Ramangwana Trends muLow-Giredhi Goridhe Ore Leaching neSodium Cyanide

1. Process Optimization

Tsvagiridzo inoenderera inotarisa mukuwedzera optimize iyo cyanide leaching maitiro. Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandiswa kwemaitiro emhando yepamusoro ekufanotaura maitiro ekudzidzira emhando dzakasiyana uye kukwenenzvera maparamita ekuita. Semuenzaniso, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) inogona kushandiswa kutevedzera kuyerera kweiyo cyanide mhinduro kuburikidza nemurwi weore, kuve nechokwadi chekugovera yunifomu uye kuwedzera kusangana pakati pemhinduro negoridhe. Pamusoro pezvo, chaiyo-nguva yekutarisa uye yekudzora masisitimu ari kugadzirwa kuti agadzirise iyo leaching maitiro zvichienderana nekuchinja ore maitiro uye ekushanda mamiriro, zvichitungamira kune yakakwira goridhe kudzoreredza mitengo uye kuderedzwa reagent kushandiswa.

2. Kubatanidzwa neNew Technologies

Remangwana repasi-giredhi goridhe ore leaching rinogona kusanganisira kubatanidzwa kwesodium cyanide leaching nematekinoroji matsva. Semuyenzaniso, kushandiswa kwenanotechnology kukwidziridza kudzokororwa kweiyo leaching reagents kana kuvandudza mashandiro enzira dzekudzoreredza goridhe. Nanoparticle-based catalysts inogona kukurumidza kuita pakati pe sodium cyanide negoridhe, kuderedza nguva yeleaching uye kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka. Imwe nzvimbo yekusimudzira ndeyekushandiswa kwehungwaru hwekugadzira uye kudzidzira kwemuchina kuongorora huwandu hukuru hwe data kubva kumabasa emigodhi, zvichiita kuti sarudzo dziite zvirinani mukutonga nekugadzirisa.

3. Sustainable Practices

Sezvo zvinetso zvezvakatipoteredza uye zvemagariro evanhu zvichiramba zvichikura, indasitiri yemigodhi iri kuisa kusimbisa kunowedzera pamaitiro anogara aripo. Mumamiriro ezvinhu eiyo yakaderera-giredhi goridhe ore leaching ine sodium cyanide, izvi zvinoreva kuvandudza nzira dzinoenderana nenharaunda uye dzinotarisira magariro. Izvi zvinosanganisira kudzikisa kushandiswa kwechepfu reagents, kuderedza kugadzirwa kwemarara, uye kuve nechokwadi chekutonga kwakaringana kwemaswe. Makambani emigodhi ari kutarisisawo kubatanidzwa kwenharaunda uye zvirongwa zvekusimudzira magariro kuti ave nechokwadi chekugamuchirwa kwenguva refu uye kusimba kwemabasa avo.

Mukupedzisa, sodium cyanide inoramba iri chinhu chakakosha mukutorwa kwegoridhe kubva kune yakaderera-giredhi ores. Kunyangwe zvipingamupinyi zvine chekuita nekushandiswa kwayo, kutsvagisa kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi uye kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kuri kuramba kuchivandudza mashandiro, kuchengetedzeka, uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza kwecyanide leaching process. Nekugadzirisa zvimhingamipinyi izvi uye kugamuchira mafambiro emunguva yemberi, indasitiri yezvicherwa zvegoridhe inogona kuramba ichitora kukosha kubva kune yakaderera-giredhi ores yegoridhe nenzira ine mutoro uye inoshanda.