Mhedzisiro yeAssociated Minerals paCyanide Leaching process

ziviso

Cyanide leaching inzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukutorwa kwegoridhe nesirivha kubva mumatombo. Zvisinei, kuvapo kwakasiyana-siyana Associated Minerals mune ore inogona kupesvedzera zvakanyanya kushanda nekubudirira kweichi chiitiko. Kunzwisisa maitiro aya kwakakosha pakugadzirisa cyanide leaching mashandiro uye kuvandudza kudzoreredzwa kwesimbi dzakakosha.

Iron Minerals

Pyrite

Pyrite isimbi yakajairika - sulfide mineral mugoridhe - inotakura ores. Munguva ye cyanide leaching, kana pyrite iri mu pulp, inogona kuve ne oxidized kuita ferrous sulfate. Iyi ferrous sulfate inobva yasangana ne cyanide kugadzira ferrocyanate. Kuita uku kunopedza huwandu hukuru hwe Sodium Cyanide, inova yakakosha reagent yegoridhe leaching. Uyezve, nekuita kweraimu nemhepo, pyrite inogona zvakare kushandura kuita soluble sulfide, colloidal sulfur, kana thiosulfate. Iyi shanduko inoshandisa mweya weokisijeni, iyo yakakosha pakunyungudika kwegoridhe mucyanide - leaching system. Pakazara, izvi zvine kukanganisa kwegoridhe - leaching performance.

Pyrrhotite

Pyrrhotite imwe iron - sulfide mineral inokanganisa cyanide leaching. Inopindirana nyore necyanide kuburitsa thiocyanate. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo ferrous sulfate inoumbwa kubva muoxidation yayo inopindirana necyanide kuita ferrocyanate. Tsvagiridzo yakaratidza kuti pyrrhotite inogona kukonzera kuderera kukuru kwegoridhe - kunyungudika mwero, semuenzaniso, kuidzikisa ne28.1% mune dzimwe nguva. Izvo zvakare zvinotungamira kukuwedzera kwakanyanya mukushandiswa kwecyanide, kazhinji kakapetwa kane.

Copper Minerals

Chalcopyrite uye Chalcocite

Mhangura zvicherwa zvakaita sechalcopyrite uye chalcocite zvine hunhu hunoshamisa pa cyanide leaching. Cyanide solution inogona kunyungudutsa zvicherwa zvemhangura, asi mwero wekunyunguduka unosiyana. Chalcopyrite yakagadzikana pakati pemhangura sulfide zvicherwa, nepo chalcocite inowedzera kuita. Mune cyanide solution, mhangura iri mumaminerari aya, kazhinji mudivalent state, haina kugadzikana. Divalent mhangura oxidize cyanide, ichichinjika kuita monovalent mhangura uye kugadzira macomplexes ane cyanide mu pulp. Kune chalcocite, inogona kukonzera kuderera kukuru kwegoridhe - kunyungudika mwero, kusvika 36.81% mune zvimwe zviedzo, uye nekagumi - kuwedzera kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwecyanide.

Malachite (Copper Oxide Mineral)

Malachite inowanzoitika mhangura - oxide mineral. Inonyungudika nyore mu sodium - cyanide solution, iyo inotungamirira kukuwedzera kukuru kwekushandiswa kwe cyanide. Kuita pakati pemalachite uye cyanide inoshandisa nhamba huru ye cyanide ions. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvese zviri zviviri copper sulfide uye copper oxide zvicherwa zvinogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakaipa pane cyanide - goridhe - yekubvisa maitiro.

Arsenic Minerals

Realgar uye Orpiment

Realgar uye orpiment zvinokuvadza zvakanyanya kune cyanide leaching. Mumushonga wealkaline wakasimba unoshandiswa kunyudza cyanide, vanoumba makomboni akaita sethioarsenite. Thioarsenite inogona kuita neokisijeni mumhinduro yekugadzira arsenite, ichipedza huwandu hwakawanda hweokisijeni mumaminerari slurry. Zvakare, kana arsenic zvicherwa zvaiswa oxidized mumushonga, firimu rakagadzirwa nearsenic makomisheni rinoumbwa pamusoro pezvikamu zvegoridhe. Iyi firimu inomisa zvakananga goridhe kubva pakusangana necyanide, zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya kuparara kwegoridhe. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti realgar uye orpiment inogona kuderedza goridhe - kupera kwehuwandu ne41.95% uye 49.90% zvichiteerana, uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwecyanide ne13.8 nguva uye 15.0 nguva.

Arsenopyrite

Arsenopyrite yakajairika arsenic - ine mineral. Kusiyana nerealgar uye orpiment, arsenopyrite yakagadzikana mucyanide system. Kunyangwe iine arsenic, pasi peyakajairika cyanide - leaching mamiriro, haiputsike nyore uye nekudaro ine diki mhedzisiro pa cyanide leaching kana ichienzaniswa nedzimwe arsenic - inotakura zvicherwa.

Lead Minerals

Galena uye Lead Alum

Galena uye lead alum ndivo vanotungamira - vane zvicherwa mumigodhi yegoridhe. Galena inogona kuve oxidized kutungamirira alum. Mumushonga wakasimba - alkaline, lead alum inogona kuburitsa alkaline lead - acid munyu, iyo inopindirana necyanide mumhinduro kuumba isinganyungudika yakasimba - alkaline cyanide. Huwandu hushoma hwemaminerari emutobvu hunogona kunyatso kubatsira cyanide leaching yemugodhi wegoridhe. Nekudaro, huwandu hukuru hwemaminerari emutobvu huchakanganisa goridhe - leaching inoshanda nekushandisa cyanide uye pamwe nekugadzira mvura inogona kukanganisa maitiro ekudonha.

Antimony - Ine Minerals

Stibnite

Stibnite ndiyo yakanyanya antimony - ine sulfide mineral. Mune cyanide - leaching process, maitiro ayo akaipa akafanana neaya e orpiment. Inonyungudika nyore nyore mune yakasimba - alkaline mhinduro kuburitsa thioantimonite, iyo inobva yawedzera oxidized kuita antimonite. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinopomerwa zvisina kunaka stibnite colloidal particles mualkaline - cyanide solution inogona kunamatira pamusoro pezvikamu zvegoridhe, kudzivirira goridhe kubva pakunyungudika.

Carbon Substances

Migodhi yegoridhe inogona kunge iine kabhoni zvinhu, zvinosanganisira kabhoni isingasanganisike uye kabhoni isingasanganisike yakaita sehumic acid. Kana zvinhu izvi zvekabhoni zviripo, zvinogona kunwisa goridhe rakanyungudutswa mu cyanide solution. Izvi zvinoderedza mwero wekubuda kwegoridhe mumushonga, chiitiko chinozivikanwa se "gold robbery." Zvinhu zvekabhoni zvinokwikwidzana nemaitiro ekuburitsa goridhe rakanyungudutswa, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa nekudzoserwa kwegoridhe.

Matanho ekuderedza Kukanganiswa kweAssociated Minerals

Pretreatment of Ores

• Oxidation Pretreatment: Kune ores ane iron - sulfide, arsenic, kana antimony zvicherwa, oxidation pretreatment inogona kushanda. Oxidation inoputsa zvicherwa izvi, ichisunungura goridhe rakavharirwa uye kuderedza mhedzisiro yavo inokuvadza pacyanide leaching. Yakajairika oxidation - pretreatment nzira dzinosanganisira kugocha, kudzvanywa oxidation, uye bio-oxidation.

• Mhangura - Pre-leaching: Kana ari ores ane yakakwira mhangura yemukati, pre-leaching yemhangura inogona kuitwa. Nekubvisa mhangura isati yasvika cyanide leaching, huwandu hwecyanide inodyiwa nemaminerari emhangura hunogona kudzikiswa, nekudaro kuvandudza kushanda kwegoridhe cyanide leaching.

Optimization yeCyanide - Leaching Conditions

• Kugadzirisa Reagent Dosages: Zvichienderana nerudzi uye huwandu hwemaminerari akabatana, huwandu hwecyanide uye mamwe mareagents anogona kugadziriswa. Semuenzaniso, kana paine akawanda emaminerari emhangura, kuwedzera cyanide dosage zvishoma uchidzora kukosha kwepH kunogona kubatsira kuona kuti goridhe rinonyungudika zvinobudirira.

• Kudzora Pulp Conditions: Kudzora kusungirirwa kwe pulp, tembiricha, uye kumhanya kwekusimudzira kwakakosha zvakare. Iyo chaiyo pulp concentration inovimbisa kuti cyanide uye okisijeni zvinogona kupararira zvakanaka mupulp. Kuchengeta tembiricha yakafanira (kazhinji 15 - 30 °C) kunoyera kumhanya uko goridhe rinonyungudika uye kugadzikana kwemushonga wecyanide.

Kushandisa Additives

• Additives to Inhibit Mineral Reactions: Zviwedzerwa zvakaita semunyu we lead zvinogona kushandiswa kumisa mamwe mamineral anokuvadza kubva pakusaita. Semuenzaniso, kuwedzera lead acetate inogona kuita ne sulfide ions kubva mukuputsika kwesarufa - ine zvicherwa, kugadzira insoluble lead - sulfide precipitates. Izvi zvinoderedza huwandu hwecyanide neoxygen iyo sarufa - ine zvicherwa zvinodya.

• Competitive Adsorbents: Kana paine matombo ane kabhoni, kuwedzera ma adsorbents anokwikwidza akadai se Yakagadziriswa Carbon panguva yekubviswa kwecyanide kunogona kuderedza simba re "kubiwa kwegoridhe". Kabhoni yakakamurwa inokwikwidzana nekabhoni iri muore kuti iwane goridhe rakanyungudutswa, nokudaro ichiwedzera mwero wekubviswa kwegoridhe.

mhedziso

Iwo anosanganisirwa zvicherwa mugoridhe nesirivheri ores ane akasiyana uye akakosha maitiro pane cyanide - leaching process. Iron, mhangura, arsenic, lead, antimony - ine zvicherwa, uye kabhoni zvinhu zvese zvinogona kukanganisa kushanda kweLeaching nekudya mareagents, kudzivirira goridhe kuti isabate cyanide, kana kutora goridhe rakanyungudika. Nekudaro, kuburikidza neakakodzera nzira dzekugadzirira, optimization yeleaching mamiriro, uye kushandiswa kwezvinowedzerwa, izvi zvakaipa zvinokanganisa zvinogona kuderedzwa. Izvi zvinogonesa kutorwa kwakanyanya kwegoridhe nesirivheri kubva kune yakaoma - mineralized ores, kuvandudza kugona kwehupfumi hwemabasa emigodhi.