Sodium cyanide Leaching Efficiency: Kufurira Zvinhu uye Optimization Strategies

ziviso

Kubvisa Cyanide, kunyanya ne sodium cyanide , kwagara kuri dombo guru mukubvisa simbi dzinokosha, kunyanya goridhe nesirivha, kubva mumatombo esimbi. Kubva payakatanga kushandiswa mumaindasitiri muna 1887, nzira iyi yave ichishandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekushanda kwayo kwakanyanya uye kushanda kwayo zvakanaka. Zvisinei, maitiro acho akaoma, uye kushanda kwayo kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakawanda. Kunzwisisa zvinhu izvi kwakakosha pakuwedzera kudzoreredzwa kwesimbi uye kuderedza mari yekushanda mumaindasitiri emigodhi nesimbi.

Nheyo yeSodium Cyanide Leaching

Sodium Cyanide , chinhu chisina ruvara uye chine chepfu yakawanda, chinoita basa guru mukubviswa kwemvura. Mumvura, pasi pealkali

mamiriro ezvinhu (anowanzo chengetedzwa nekuwedzera lime), maion e-cyanide (CN⁻) anoita negoridhe (Au) nesirivha (Ag) kana paine okisijeni. Maitiro ese emakemikari ekugadzira goridhe anogona kumiririrwa seizvi:

4Au + 8CN⁻+ O₂ + 2H₂O → 4[Au(CN)₂]⁻ + 4OH⁻

Kuita uku kunoitika mune electrochemical corrosion - senge nzira. Iyo okisijeni inoshanda seanoxidizing agent, ichifambisa kunyungudika kwegoridhe mumhinduro seyoni yakaoma cyanide, [Au(CN)₂]⁻. Saizvozvo, sirivheri inotevera inofananidzwa yekuita maitiro.

Kufurira Zvinhu paCyanide Leaching Efficiency

Ore Hunhu

1.Particle Size

• Kukura kwezvimedu zvematombo esimbi kunokosha zvikuru. Musati madonhedza cyanide , matombo anofanira kugadziriswa nekupwanya, kuongorora, kupwanya, uye kuyera. Kune matombo ane simbi dzinokosha dzakachekwa kana dzakavharirwa, kupwanya kwakakodzera kwakakosha kuti pave nekupatsanurwa kwemonomer. Kana matombo akapwanywa zvakanyanya, hazvingowedzeri mari yekupwanya chete asiwo zvinogona kukonzera tsvina inobuda mutsvina. Pamusoro pezvo, kupwanya zvakanyanya kunogona kukanganisa kupatsanurwa kwemvura yakasimba, zvichikonzera marara ecyanide uye kurasikirwa negoridhe rakanyungudutswa. Semuenzaniso, kana uchibata nematombo egoridhe ane goridhe rechisikigo rakanyungudutswa zvakanaka, saizi yezvikamu zvekupwanya ye - 38 μm ine chiyero chemukati che75% inowanzoita kuti pave nekuenzanisa kwakanaka pakati pemhedzisiro yekupwanya uye mutengo.

• Kune rimwe divi, kana zvimedu zvakanyanyisa, nzvimbo yepasi inowanikwa kuti cyanide iite nemasimbi akakosha ishoma, zvichikonzera kusakwana kweleaching uye kuderedzwa kudhirowa kwekuita.

2.Mineralogy

• Mhando dzakasiyana dzeores dzine akasiyana mineralogical nziyo. Ores ine yakakwira mhangura, arsenic, antimony, sarufa, kana kabhoni inogona kuunza matambudziko kune cyanide leaching. Semuenzaniso, mhangura inogona kuumba yakaoma cyanide makomisheni, ichikwikwidza negoridhe nesirivheri kune cyanide ion. Arsenic uye antimony inogonawo kuita necyanide uye oksijeni, inopedza reagents uye inhibiting leaching yesimbi inokosha. Sulfide - rich ores inogona kuda pre-kurapwa, senge kugocha kana bio-oxidation, kufumura masimbi anokosha akavharirwa uye kubvisa sarufa, iyo inogona kukanganisa maitiro ecyanidation.

Chemical Reagents

1.Cyanide Concentration

• Huwandu hweSodium Cyanide hunowedzerwa hunokanganisa zvakanyanya mashandiro ekubvisa tsvina . Mukati meimwe nzvimbo, huwandu hwecyanide hunoenderana nehuwandu hwekubvisa tsvina yesimbi. Kana huwandu hwecyanide hwakanyanya kuderera, mhedzisiro yekubvisa tsvina yegoridhe nesirivha haina kunaka, uye maitiro acho anononoka, zvichikonzera mari isingakoshi. Kusiyana neizvi, kana huwandu hwecyanide hwakawandisa, mushure mekunge kushanda kwesimbi dzinokosha kwasvika padanho rakati, kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwecyanide hakutungamiriri pakuvandudzika kukuru mukubviswa tsvina, zvichikonzera kutambisa cyanide uye kuwedzera kwemitengo yekugadzira. Semuenzaniso, pakubvisa gold concentrate kubva mugold ores dzakanyatsogadzirwa, dosage yeSodium cyanide ye1.5 - 3.0 kg/t inowanzo kuve yakakodzera. Zvisinei, mukugadzirwa chaiko, dosage yakakodzera inofanira kusarudzwa zvichibva pane hunhu hweore uye bvunzo dzebeneficiation.

2.Lime (Alkalinity)

• Lime inowedzerwa kune cyanide mhinduro se alkali inodzivirira. Sezvo cyanide ions mumushonga iine kusagadzikana kwemakemikari zvimiro uye inogona kushanduka nyore sehydrogen cyanide gasi, kuchengetedza alkalinity yakakodzera kwakakosha. Kuwedzera lime kune cyanidation solution kunobatsira kuchengeta pulp papH yakakodzera. Zvinoenderana nekuongorora bvunzo, mwero wekudonha wegoridhe unovandudzwawo zvakanyanya mushure mekuwedzera lime. Kana huwandu hwelime hwawedzerwa 2 kg/t zvichikwira, pH kukosha kwepalp kunowanzova pakati pe11 - 12. uye goridhe reLeaching rate mupulp rinosvika pakudzikama uye pamwero wepamusoro.

Process Conditions

1.Slurry Concentration

• Iko kusungirirwa kweiyo leaching pulp inokanganisa zvakananga kumhanya kweleaching uye kugona kweiyo yakakosha simbi inotarisana. Kazhinji, yakaderera - yekutarisa leaching pulp ine yakanaka fluidity inobvumira yakakwirira leaching kushanda kwegoridhe nesirivheri inotarisana. Nekudaro, izvi zvinogona kuda kuwedzera huwandu hweakawedzera reagents, pamwe nehukuru hwemidziyo saizi uye nepamusoro mari yekudyara. Kuti uenzanise kukosha kwesimbi leaching kunyatsoshanda uye mutengo wekugadzira, yakakodzera slurry kusungirirwa kunoda kutariswa. Kune ores ane akakwenenzverwa particle saizi, kuchengetedza iyo pulp concentration inosvika 20% - 33% kazhinji inovimbisa yakanaka leaching maitiro. Kana iyo yekumisikidza yakakwira kupfuura iyi renji, iyo leaching inoshanda yesimbi yakakosha inogona kuderera pane kuwedzera. Mukugadzirwa chaiko, iko kusungirirwa kunogona kugadziridzwa zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo, asi haifanirwe kunge yakakwira zvakanyanya.

2.Leaching Nguva

• Iyo leaching nguva chinhu chakakosha muiyo cyanidation process. Kusarudza yakakodzera leaching nguva inodiwa kunyungudutsa zvizere simbi inokosha zvidimbu. Nekudaro, nepo simbi dzakakosha dziri kunyungudika, kumwe kusvibiswa mu pulp kunoramba kuchinyungudika, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa mwero wekunyungudika kwegoridhe nesirivha. Kurebesa leaching nguva kwete chete kungave kusabatsira pakuparara kweakakosha simbi zvidimbu asi zvinoda hombe leaching midziyo uye yakawanda nzvimbo, nekudaro kuwedzera mari yekugadzira. Kune ores ane akakwenenzverwa particle saizi, kuchengeta cyanidation leaching nguva paanenge maawa mana kunowanzova kwakaringana. Kana iyo leaching nguva ichipfuura maawa makumi maviri nemana, leaching yesimbi yakakosha inogona kudziviswa, uye kuwanda kweayoni yesimbi yakakosha mumhinduro kunogona kuderera.

3.Oxygen Supply

• Sezvinoratidzwa mumakemikari equation equation, okisijeni inokosha inopindirana mukuita cyanidation. Okisijeni yakakwana inosimudzira iyo oxidation yegoridhe nesirivheri, ichimhanyisa iyo cyanidation reaction. Munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri, mhepo inowanzoputirwa kuburikidza neiyo leaching pulp kuti ipe oxygen. Kana iyo okisijeni inopa isina kukwana, chiyero chekuita chinodzikira, ichidzikisa huwandu hwese hwekuita leaching.

4.Agitation Conditions

• Kukuchidzira kunoshandiswa kusimudzira kusangana pakati pezvimedu zveore, cyanide mhinduro, uye oksijeni. Mamiriro ekusimudzira akakodzera anogona kuvandudza mwero wekuita nekuona zvirinani kusanganisa uye kugovera reagents. Nekudaro, kubvongodza zvakanyanya kunogona kukonzera kukuvadzwa kwemuchina kune ore zvimedu uye zvinogona zvakare kutungamira mukuwedzera simba rekushandisa.

Optimization Strategies

Ore Pretreatment

1.Kugaya Optimization

• Kushandisa nheyo ye "kunyanya kupwanya uye kushoma kugaya" kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba uye njodzi yekupfuura - kugaya. Tekinoroji dzekukuya dzepamberi, dzakadai seyakawanda-nhanho kukuya uye kushandiswa kwepamusoro-kugona kugaya zviyamuro, zvinogona kushandiswa kuzadzisa inodiwa particle size kugovera zvakanyanya.

2.Pre - kurapwa kweProblematic Minerals

• Kune ores ane mazinga epamusoro ekukanganisa maminerari, pre-kurapa nzira dzinofanirwa kutariswa. Kugocha kunogona kushandiswa kubvisa sarufa uye oxidize mamwe emaminerari anoramba, zvichiita kuti simbi dzinokosha dziwanike kucyanide. Bio - oxidation, iyo inoshandisa tupukanana kuputsa sulfide zvicherwa, zvakare inzvimbo inoshamwaridzana nenharaunda kune mamwe marudzi e ores.

Reagent Management

1.Cyanide Optimization

• Kuita bvunzo dzenguva dzose uye dzakaringana dzekubatsirikana kuona iyo yakakwana cyanide dosage yemabheji akasiyana eores kwakakosha. Pamusoro pezvo, kushandiswa kweimwe cyanide-yakavakirwa reagents kana kuwedzera kwezvinobatisa kunogona kuongororwa kuti iwedzere kushanda kweLeaching uku ichideredza kushandiswa kwecyanide. Semuenzaniso, kumwe kutsvagisa kwakaratidza kuti kuwedzera mamwe ma surfactants anogona kuvandudza kunyorova uye kuita kwe cyanide ine ore particles.

2.Alkalinity Control

• Ramba uchitarisa uye gadzirisa iyo pH yeiyo leaching pulp kuchengetedza iyo yakakwana alkalinity renji. Otomatiki pH control masisitimu anogona kuisirwa kuve nechokwadi chekugadzirisa uye nenguva, kuderedza njodzi yecyanide volatilization uye optimize nharaunda leaching.

Maitiro Parameter Optimization

1.Slurry Concentration Adjustment

• Isa masensa kuti utarise iyo slurry concentration munguva chaiyo uye gadzirisa mvura - kune - ore chiyero zvinoenderana. Izvi zvinogona kubatanidzwa mune otomatiki kudzora sisitimu kuchengetedza iyo yakakwana slurry concentration yeinoshanda leaching.

2.Leaching Time Optimization

• Shandisa chaiyo-nguva yekutarisa matekiniki, sekuongorora kuunganidzwa kweanokosha simbi ions mune mhinduro panguva yeleaching, kuona magumo akakodzera - poindi yeleaching process. Izvi zvinogona kudzivirira pamusoro-leaching uye kuchengetedza nguva uye zviwanikwa.

3.Oxygen uye Agitation Optimization

• Isa maokisijeni masensa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuwana yakakwana uye yakagadzikana okisijeni. Rongedza kumhanya kwekuzunguza zvichienderana nehunhu hweore uye nhanho yekudonha kuti uwane yakanakisa chiyero pakati pekuita kwekuita uye kushandiswa kwesimba.

mhedziso

Kushanda kwesodium cyanide leaching mukutora simbi yakakosha kunokonzerwa nekubatana kwakaoma kweore - yakabatana, reagent - ine hukama, uye maitiro - ane hukama zvinhu. Nekunzwisisa zvinhu izvi uye kushandisa nzira dzakakodzera dzekugadzirisa, zvicherwa uye maindasitiri esimbi anogona kuvandudza kugona kweLeaching, kuderedza mutengo wekugadzira, uye kuderedza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kune chekuita nekushandiswa kwecyanide. Kuenderera mberi nekutsvagisa uye hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji mundima iyi kwakakosha kusangana nekukura kuri kudiwa kwesimbi dzakakosha nenzira yakagadzikana uye inoshanda.n