Mabasa uye Mashandisirwo eSodium Cyanide Solution

Mhinduro yeSodium cyanide , ine fomura yemakemikari NaCN iri mumvura, chinhu chakakosha mumaindasitiri nemakemikoro, kunyangwe ine chepfu yakawanda. Chinyorwa chino chinotarisa mabasa akasiyana-siyana uye mashandisirwo eSodium cyanide solution.

1. Ndarama uye Yakakosha Metal Extraction muMigodhi

1.1 Tsanangudzo Yemaitiro

Imwe yenzira dzinozivikanwa dzekushandisa sodium cyanide solution ndeyekuchera goridhe nedzimwe simbi dzinokosha. Kana Sodium Cyanide solution ikasanganiswa negoridhe, goridhe riri muore rinoita ma "cyanide ions" kana paine oxygen kubva mumhepo nemvura. Izvi zvinoumba soluble gold-cyanide complex. Kana goridhe rava muchimiro ichi chinonyungudika, rinogona kuparadzaniswa nezvinhu zvasara zveore.

1.2 Nzira dzekubvisa

Pane nzira mbiri dzakajairika dzinoshandiswa mune iyi nzira yekubvisa:

• Kubviswa kwesimbi muTank : Mhangura yegoridhe inoiswa mumatangi makuru yosanganiswa nesodium cyanide solution. Mushure menguva yakati, kana goridhe ranyungudika kuita solution, cyanide solution yashandiswa pamwe chete nesimbi yasara inotamisirwa kunzvimbo dzekuchengetera tsvina.

• Kubviswa kwegoridhe mudura : Dombo regoridhe rakapwanywa rinounganidzwa kuita mirwi, uye sodium cyanide solution inodururwa pamusoro pedura. Sezvo solution ichiyerera nepakati pedoro, inonyungudutsa goridhe. Mhinduro ine goridhe rakanyungudutswa inoungana pasi pedura uye inogona kuunganidzwa kuti igadziriswe zvakare kuti iwane goridhe.

2. Electroplating

2.1 Basa muMagetsi eElectroplating

Sodium cyanide mhinduro inoshandiswa mumagetsi ekugezera masimbi akadai semhangura, sirivheri, cadmium, uye zingi. Mu electroplating, chinangwa ndechekuisa chidimbu chitete chesimbi inodiwa pane substrate. Cyanide ions mu sodium cyanide solution inoita mabasa akati wandei akakosha. Ivo vanoderedza anode polarization, vachiona kuti anode, kunobva simbi yekunyunguduka, inonyungudika zvakaenzana, izvo zvakakosha pakupihwa kwakafanana kweioni dzesimbi mumushonga weplating. Pamusoro pezvo, kuvepo kweiyo cyanide ion kunobatsira mukudzikamisa mhinduro ye electroplating, kudzivirira kunaya kwemasimbi emakomponi anogona kukanganisa kugadzirwa. Ivo zvakare vanosimudzira cathode polarization, zvichikonzera kuiswa kwakafanana kwesimbi pane cathode, iyo substrate ichiputirwa, zvichitungamira kune yakatsetseka uye inoteedzera simbi coating.

3. Chemical Synthesis

3.1 Kugadzirwa kweInorganic Cyanides

Sodium cyanide solution chinhu chakakosha pakugadzira macyanide akasiyana-siyana asina kugadzirwa . Semuenzaniso, imwe cyanide isina kugadzirwa inogadzirwa kubva mairi inoshandiswa muindasitiri yezvikafu sechinhu chinodzivirira kupararira kwemakemikari uye mukugadzira pigments dzebhuruu. Imwe, kana yawanikwa kuburikidza nekuita nemunyu, inoshandiswa mukushandiswa kwakafanana nesodium cyanide, senge mukuita kwekubvisa goridhe nemamwe ma organic syntheses.

3.2 Synthesis yeOrganic Compounds

Mune organic chemistry, sodium cyanide mhinduro inoshandiswa kuunza boka recyano muma organic molecules, inova danho rakakosha mukuumbwa kweakawanda organic compounds. Kana alkyl halide ikasangana ne sodium cyanide solution, musanganiswa unoumbwa. Mushonga uyu unogona kuzoshandurwazve kuita mamwe mapoka anoshanda senge carboxylic acids nemaamines kuburikidza neanotevera kemikari reactions, zvichiita kuti sodium cyanide solution ive reagent yakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemishonga, agrochemicals, uye zvakasiyana organic zvinhu.

4. Metal Cleaning uye Surface Treatment

4.1 Kunyungudutsa Metal Oxides uye Kusvibiswa

Sodium cyanide solution inogona kushandiswa kuchenesa simbi. Mamwe masimbi oxides uye tsvina pamusoro pesimbi inogona kuita neiyo cyanide ions. Semuenzaniso, copper oxide pamusoro pemhangura inogona kuita ne sodium cyanide solution pasi pemamwe mamiriro. Iyo cyanide ion inogadzira macomplexes nemaeoni esimbi kubva mumaokisi, zvinobudirira kubvisa iyo oxide layer uye kusiya simbi yakachena. Izvi zvinobatsira mukugadzirira nzvimbo dzesimbi kuti dziwedzere kugadziridzwa senge pendi, soldering, kana electroplating.

5. Kudzora Zvipembenene (Zvishoma uye Zvakanyanya Kudzorwa)

5.1 Shandisa seRodenticide

Munguva yakapfuura, sodium cyanide solution yakashandiswa se rodenticide. Hunhu hwayo hwechepfu hunoita kuti iuraye makonzo. Nekudaro, nekuda kwehupfu hwayo hwakanyanyisa kwete chete kune twupukanana twunonangwa asiwo kune zvisingatarisirwe zvipenyu, kusanganisira vanhu, kushandiswa kwayo serodenticide kwakarambidzwa zvakanyanya munyika zhinji. Ngozi yekufumurwa netsaona uye mukana wekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza ndiwo matambudziko makuru ane chekuita nekushandiswa kwayo mukudzora tumbuyu.

Kufunga Zvekuchengetedza

Zvinonyanya kukosha kuziva kuti sodium cyanide solution ine chepfu zvakanyanya. Kunyange chitsama chiduku chinogona kuuraya kana chikamwiwa, chikafemerwa, kana kuti chikapinzwa nepaganda. Kana yasangana nemaasidhi kana mweya wakanyorova, inogona kuburitsa muchetura wehydrogen cyanide gasi. Nokudaro, mitemo yakasimba yekuchengetedza inofanira kuteverwa kana uchibata sodium cyanide solution. Vashandi vanobatanidzwa mukushandiswa kwayo vanofanira kudzidziswa zvakafanira, kupfeka midziyo yokuzvidzivirira nayo yakafanira, uye kushanda munzvimbo dzine mhepo yakanaka. Kana pakateuka netsaona kana kufumurwa, nzira dzekukurumidza kupindura dzinofanirwa kuitwa kudzivirira kukanganisa kwakanyanya kuhutano hwevanhu uye nharaunda.

Mukupedzisa, sodium cyanide solution, pasinei nehupenyu hwayo hune ngozi, inoita mabasa anokosha mumaindasitiri akati wandei. Mashandisirwo ayo anotangira kubva kune yakakosha simbi kudhirowa kuenda kumakemikari synthesis uye simbi kurapwa. Nekudaro, njodzi dzakabatana dzinoda kuti kushandiswa kwayo kudzorerwe nekutarisirwa uye kutariswa kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza.