pH Kukosha Kudzora kweSodium Cyanide Solution muMurwi Leaching yeKuchera Goridhe

1. ziviso

Kubvisa goridhe kubva mumatombo emhando yepamusoro (heap leaching) inzira inonyanya kushandiswa pakubvisa goridhe kubva mumatombo emhando yepamusoro. Mukuita uku, Sodium cyanide solution inowanzo shandiswa senzira yekuburitsa goridhe kubva mumatombo emhando yepamusoro (leaching agent). Pakati pezvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa kushanda zvakanaka uye kuchengetedzeka kwekubvisa goridhe kubva mumatombo emhando yepamusoro (heap leaching), kudzora pH yeSodium Cyanide Solution ndiko kwakakosha zvikuru.

2. Chemical Principles Underlying pH Value Control

2.1 Goridhe Dissolution Reaction

Pakushandisa Sodium Cyanide solution kubvisa gold, pane makemikari anoitika. Kana paine alkaline conditions, iyi reaction inoshanda zvakanyanya. Munguva ye reaction, cyanide ions dziri mu solution dzinosangana negold. Kubatana uku kunoguma nekuumbwa kwe soluble gold - cyanide complexes, izvo zvinoita kuti gold ikwanise kuburitswa mu ore.

2.2 Cyanide Kugadzikana uye pH

Cyanide iripo mune yakaenzana mamiriro mukati memhinduro. Cyanide inogona kuita nehydrogen ions iripo mune mhinduro. Kana mhinduro yacho yawedzera acidic (yakaderera pH kukosha), kuita uku kunotungamira pakuumbwa kwehydrogen cyanide, gasi rine muchetura. Izvi hazvingokonzereri kurasikirwa kwecyanide, kuwedzera kudyiwa kweiyo leaching agent, asi zvakare inokonzeresa kutyisa kune hutano nekuchengetedzeka kwevashandi nekuda kwehupfu hwehydrogen cyanide. Naizvozvo, kuchengetedza yakakodzera alkaline pH kukosha kwakakosha. Inobatsira kuderedza kuumbwa kwehydrogen cyanide gasi uye inova nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwecyanide mumhinduro yekushanda kwegoridhe leaching.

3. Optimal pH Value Range

Kazhinji, kana tichitarisa Heap Leaching for Gold Extraction uchishandisa sodium cyanide solution, pH value range yakanakisa inowanzoonekwa seiri pakati pe10 ne11.5.

3.1 pH Pasi peOptimal Range

Kana iyo pH kukosha kwesodium cyanide solution inodonha pasi pe10. migumisiro yakawanda yakaipa inogona kuitika. Chekutanga, mwero wekunyungudika kwegoridhe uchaderera zvakanyanya. Kuita kuri pakati pegoridhe ne cyanide ion kunobva kwaita kushoma, zvichizotungamira kune yakaderera kutorwa kwegoridhe kubva kune ore. Chechipiri, sezvambotaurwa, kuumbwa kwehydrogen cyanide gasi kuchawedzera. Izvi zvine njodzi kuvashandi vari munzvimbo inocherwa migodhi uye zvinokanganisawo nharaunda. Pamusoro pezvo, pakuderera kwepH kukosha, kumwe kusvibiswa mune ore kunogona kunyungudika zviri nyore, zvichikanganisa kuumbwa kwegoridhe - cyanide complexes uye kuwedzera kudzikisa mwero wegoridhe.

3.2 pH Pamusoro peiyo Optimal Range

Kunyangwe kuita pakati pegoridhe ne cyanide ions kunofarirwa pasi pemamiriro ealkaline, kana iyo pH kukosha yakawandisa (pamusoro pe11.5), matambudziko anogona kumuka. Yakawandisa alkalinity inogona kukonzera kunaya kweimwe simbi hydroxides. Semuenzaniso, maion esimbi akaita sesimbi, aruminiyamu, uye calcium iripo mune ore inogona kugadzira insoluble hydroxides. Aya ma-insoluble hydroxides anogona kuvhara pamusoro pezvikamu zveore. Iyi yekubikira layer inogona kukanganisa kubatana pakati pesodium cyanide mhinduro uye goridhe-inotakura zvicherwa, nekudaro ichidzikisa mwero wegoridhe. Uyezve, yakakwirira pH kukosha inogona kudikanwa kuwedzera kweakawanda alkaline zvinhu, zvichiwedzera mutengo wekuita.

4. Nzira dzepH Value Adjustment

4.1 Lime (Calcium Hydrooxide)

Lime ndeimwe yemishonga inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirisa pH ye sodium cyanide solution mu heap leaching. Kana lime ikaiswa mumushonga, inopindirana nemvura. Izvi zvinoburitsa hydroxide ions, izvo zvinowedzera pH yemushonga, zvichiita kuti ive alkaline yakawanda. Lime haina kudhura zvakanyanya uye iri nyore kuwana, izvo zvinoita kuti ive sarudzo yakakurumbira ye heap leaching yakakura. Zvisinei, kana uchishandisa lime, kutarisirwa kunofanira kupihwa kune dose yayo. Kuwedzera lime zvakanyanya kunogona kukonzera matambudziko akadai sekuumbwa kwescale mumapaipi nemidziyo. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti calcium iri mumushonga inogona kuita neCarbon eate ions mumushonga kuti igadzire calcium carbonate.

4.2 Soda (Sodium Hydrooxide)

Sodium hydroxide imwe inoshanda pH - inogadzirisa mumiririri. Kana yawedzerwa kune sodium cyanide solution, inoparadzanisa mumvura. Iyi dissociation inoburitsa hydroxide ions, iyo inogona kukurumidza kuwedzera pH kukosha kwemhinduro. Kuenzaniswa neraimu, sodium hydroxide ine inokurumidza uye yakanyatsojeka pH - kugadzirisa maitiro. Inowanzo shandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo kukurumidza uye kwakaringana gadziriso yepH kukosha kunodiwa, senge murabhoritari - chiyero chekuyedza kana mamwe madiki-scale murwi leaching mashandiro. Nekudaro, sodium hydroxide inodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura lime, iyo inogona kudzikamisa kushandiswa kwayo muhukuru - kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.

5. Kuongorora uye Kudzora pH Kukosha

5.1 pH Sensors

Kuve nechokwadi chekuti iyo pH kukosha kwesodium cyanide mhinduro mumirwi leaching process inoramba iri mukati meiyo yakakwana renji, pH sensors dzinowanzo shandirwa chaiyo-nguva yekutarisa. pH sensors zvishandiso zvinokwanisa kuona kuwanda kwehydrogen ions mumhinduro. Ivo vanoshandura iyi yekumisikidza kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi chinoenderana, icho chinozoratidzwa se pH kukosha. Masensa aya anogaroiswa panzvimbo dzakakosha dzemurwi leaching system, senge mumatangi ekuchengetera mhinduro, mapaipi ekuendesa mhinduro kumurwi, uye panobuda murwi mushure mekuvhiya. Nekuenderera mberi nekutarisa iyo pH kukosha, vashandisi vanogona kukurumidza kuona chero kukanganisa kubva kune yakaringana renji uye kutora akakodzera ekugadzirisa matanho.

5.2 Automated Control Systems

Mumazuva ano mirwi leaching mashandiro, otomatiki ekudzora masisitimu anowanzo kusanganiswa nepH sensors kuti uwane yakanyatsojeka uye inoshanda pH kukosha kwekutonga. Aya otomatiki ekudzora masisitimu anogona kurongwa kuti agadzirise otomatiki dosage yepH - inogadzirisa maajenti (senge lime kana soda) zvichibva pane chaiyo-nguva pH kukosha data yakaonekwa nemasensor. Semuenzaniso, kana iyo pH kukosha kwemhinduro kudonha pasi peiyo yakadzikira muganho, iyo otomatiki yekudzora sisitimu ichawedzera kuyerera kwe lime slurry kana sodium hydroxide mhinduro iri kuwedzerwa kune leaching mhinduro kukwidza pH kukosha. Sezvineiwo, kana iyo pH kukosha yakapfuura iyo yepamusoro muganho, iyo sisitimu inoderedza dosi ye pH - inogadzirisa mumiriri. Iyi otomatiki yekudzora nzira haingonatsidze huroi hwepH kukosha kwekutonga asi zvakare inoderedza kusimba kwevashandi uye inova nechokwadi chekugadzikana uye kuenderera kwemurwi leaching process.

6. Mhedziso

Mumurwi leaching yekuchera goridhe uchishandisa sodium cyanide mhinduro, kudzora kwakasimba kwepH kukosha kwemushonga kwakakosha. Iyo yakakwana pH kukosha pakati pegumi ne10 inova nechokwadi chekunyungudika kwegoridhe, inoderedza kushandiswa kwecyanide, uye inovimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwevashandi uye nharaunda. Nekushandisa yakakodzera pH - inogadzirisa maajenti serimu nesoda, uye kuita chaiyo-nguva yekutarisa uye otomatiki kudzora kuburikidza nepH sensors uye otomatiki kudzora masisitimu, makambani emigodhi anogona kukwirisa murwi leaching maitiro, kuwedzera goridhe kudzoreredza mitengo, uye kuderedza mutengo wekushanda. Sezvo kudiwa kwegoridhe kuri kuramba kuchikura, kuenderera mberi kwekutsvagisa uye kuvandudzwa kwepH kukosha kwekudzora tekinoroji ichaita basa rakakosha mukusimudzirwa kwakasimba kweindasitiri yemigodhi yegoridhe.