Solid Sodium Cyanide: Zvine Njodzi Kuzivikanwa uye Packaging Zvinodiwa

1. ziviso

Sodium cyanide , chinhu chine chepfu yakawanda chine fomura yemakemikari yeNaCN, chinhu chichena chinonyungudika mumvura. Nekuda kwehupfu hwayo hwakanyanya uye mukana wekukuvadza hutano hwevanhu nenharaunda, mitemo yakaoma inodzora mashandiro ayo, kutakurwa kwayo, uye kuchengetwa kwayo. Chinyorwa chino chinotarisa pakuzivikanwa kweSodium Cyanide sechinhu chine njodzi uye zvinodiwa pakurongedza kwayo.

2. Njodzi Yezvinhu Kuzivikanwa kweSolid Sodium Cyanide

2.1 Kirasi Yengozi

Sodium Cyanide yakasimba inoiswa muchikamu cheClass 6.1 chepfu zvichienderana nehurongwa hwekupatsanura hweUnited Nations (UN). Kupatsanura uku kunoenderana nekukwanisa kwayo kukonzera kukuvara kukuru kana rufu kana ikadyiwa, ikafemerwa, kana kunyudzwa neganda.

2.2 Nhamba yeUN

Nhamba yeUN inopihwa ku solid sodium cyanide iUN 1689. Nhamba iyi ine manhamba mana inoshandiswa pasi rose kuziva chinhu ichi panguva yekufambisa, zvichiita kuti mapato ese ari muchikamu chekutengesa, kubva kuvagadziri nevanotumira kusvika kune vatakuri nevatongi, vagone kuiziva zviri nyore uye kuibata zvichienderana nemitemo yekuchengetedza yakakodzera.

2.3 Njodzi Mazwi

• Huturu Hwakanyanya : Sodium cyanide yakasimba ine chepfu yakanyanya. Kudya, kufema, kana kubata ganda kunogona kukonzera chepfu nekukurumidza. Maion eCyanide anokanganisa kugona kwemuviri kushandisa okisijeni padanho remasero, izvo zvinogona kuuraya. Semuenzaniso, kunyangwe huwandu hushoma hwesodium cyanide powder inofema inogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakaita sedzungu, kufema nekukurumidza, uye muzviitiko zvakakomba, kurasikirwa nepfungwa nerufu.

• Kubatanidzwa kweAcids : Kubatana zvine simba nemaacids kuti kubudise gasi rehydrogen cyanide rine chepfu uye rinobvira moto. Kuita uku kunogona kuitika kunyangwe nemaacids asina simba. Semuenzaniso, kana sodium cyanide ikasangana neacetic acid (asidi inowanikwa muvhiniga), gasi rehydrogen cyanide rinoburitswa, zvichigadzira mamiriro ezvinhu ane njodzi zvikuru.

2.4 Mitemo yekuchengetedza

• Kudzivirira : Pakubata sodium cyanide yakasimba, vashandi vanofanira kupfeka midziyo yekudzivirira muviri yakakodzera (PPE). Izvi zvinosanganisira machira ekudzivirira ane gasi-tight chemical protective suits, self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) kana paine njodzi yekufemereka, uye magirovhosi akakora, anodzivirira makemikari. Mabasa ese ekubata anofanira kuitwa munzvimbo dzine mhepo inofema zvakanaka, zviri nani pasi pechivharo chemoto kudzivirira kuungana kwegasi rine chepfu rinogona kuburitswa.

• Kuchengetedza : Inofanira kuchengetwa munzvimbo inotonhorera, yakaoma, uye ine mhepo yakanaka, kure nenzvimbo dzinopisa, dzinobatidza moto, uye dzine acid. Nzvimbo dzekuchengetera dzinofanira kugadzirwa kudzivirira kupinda kusina mvumo uye dzine matanho ekudzivirira kudonha kwemvura. Semuenzaniso, nzvimbo yekuchengetera inogona kunge iine sisitimu yekudzivirira mvura yakaita setireyi yekudonhedza mvura kana nzvimbo yakasungirirwa kudzivirira kupararira kwe sodium cyanide inobuda.

3. Packaging Zvinodiwa kune Solid Sodium Cyanide

3.1 General Packaging Principles

• Kusimba : Mapakeji e sodium cyanide yakasimba anofanira kunge akasimba zvikuru kudzivirira chero kubuda kwemvura panguva yekubata, kuchengeta, uye kutakurwa. Zvichienderana nehupfu hwayo hwakawanda, kunyangwe kudonha kudiki kunogona kukonzera njodzi huru kuhutano hwevanhu nenharaunda.

• Kuenderana : Zvinhu zvinoputirwa zvinofanirwa kunge zvichienderana nemakemikari nesodium cyanide. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvinhu hazvifanirwe kusangana nechinhu ichi, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuora kwepakeji kana kuburitswa kwezvinhu zvine chepfu.

3.2 Yakatenderwa Packaging Type

3.2.1 Simbi - Yakavharwa Hoppers neMota

Dry sodium cyanide inogona kutumirwa musimbi - yakavharwa hopper mota. Idzi mota dzakagadzirwa kuti dzisefa - humbowo uye mamiriro ekunze - kuramba. Iyo yesimbi inovhara inopa yakawedzera layer yedziviriro kubva mukukuvadzwa kwemuviri uye zvakatipoteredza zvakaita semvura uye humidity. Semuyenzaniso, mukufamba njanji refu, idzi hopper mota dzinogona kutakura zvakachengeteka huwandu hukuru hwesodium cyanide munzvimbo dzakasiyana nemamiriro ekunze.

3.2.2 Matangi Anotakurika

Matangi anotakurika anoshandiswa kune yakasimba sodium cyanide anofanirwa kusangana nemagadzirirwo chaiwo uye maitiro ekuvaka. Vanofanira kuva negoko rakasimba kuti rimire kurema uye kumanikidzwa kwezviri mukati panguva yekufambisa. Pamusoro pezvo, ivo vanofanirwa kuve vakashongedzerwa nekuvhara kwakaringana uye mafittings kudzivirira kuvuza. Aya matangi akakodzera kutakura mavhoriyamu makuru esodium cyanide yakasimba, ingave iri granular kana briquette fomu. Semuenzaniso, mukufambisa kwepasirese mugungwa, matangi anotakurika anoshandiswa kutakura sodium cyanide pakati penyika dzakasiyana.

3.2.3 Midziyo Yepakati Muzhinji (IBCs)

• MaIBC esimbi : MaIBC esimbi ane mvumo anosanganisira mhando dzakadai se11A, 11B, 11N, 21A, 21B, 21N, 31A, 31B, uye 31N. MaIBC aya akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakasimba zvesimbi zvinogona kutsungirira kuoma kwekubata nekutakura. Anowanzo shandiswa kutakura huwandu hune mwero hwesodium cyanide yakasimba.

• Mapurasitiki Akaomesesa MaIBC : Mapurasitiki Akaomesesa MaIBC akaita se11H1. 11H2. 21H1. 21H2. 31H1. uye 31H2 anotenderwawo. Zvisinei, zvinhu zvepurasitiki zvinofanira kunge zvemhando yepamusoro uye zvisingakuvadzi mhedzisiro ye sodium cyanide. Aya maIBC akareruka kana tichienzanisa neesimbi, izvo zvinogona kubatsira mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekufambisa, asi achiri kuda kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza.

• MaIBC Akasanganiswa : MaIBC Akasanganiswa akadai se11HZ1. 11HZ2. 21HZ1. 21HZ2. uye 31HZ1 anosanganisa zvakanakira zvinhu zvakasiyana. Akagadzirwa kuti ave akasimba, akareruka, uye anodzivirira makemikari. Semuenzaniso, anogona kunge aine chikamu chemukati chezvinhu chinodzivirira zvakanyanya sodium cyanide uye chikamu chekunze chekuwedzera kunaka kwechimiro.

• MaIBC eMatanda : MaIBC eMatanda (11C, 11D, uye 11F) anogona kushandiswa, asi machira awo anofanira kunge asina kupfapfaidzwa. Matanda anopa mwero wakati wekuchengetedza, izvo zvinogona kubatsira panguva yekufambisa, asi machira asina kupfapfaidzwa akakosha kudzivirira chero kubuda kwechinhu chine chepfu.

3.2.4 Zvimwe Packaging

Mapakeji anosanganisira akasimba - akavharwa mukati memidziyo yegirazi, yevhu, simbi, kana polyethylene, ine huremu husingapfuuri 0.5 kg (1.1 pounds) yakachengetedzwa zvakachengetedzeka uye yakarongedzwa mumadhiramu ekunze emapuranga kana emapuranga kana fiberboard mabhokisi, ane huremu husingapfuuri 15 kg (33 mapaundi), anotenderwa. Zvimwechetezvo, mapakeji ane zvakasimba - akavharwa mukati megirazi, zvevhu, kana simbi, zvakachengetedzeka uye akarongedzerwa mumadhiramu ekunze emapuranga kana mabhokisi ane huremu husingapfuuri 2.5 kg (5.5 pounds) huremu hwehuremu hunobvumidzwawo. Aya madiki-makero ekurongedza sarudzo anowanzo shandiswa kumasampureta emurabhoritari kana diki - huwandu hwekutakura.

3.3 Packaging Testing uye Certification

• Kuedzwa Kwekushanda : Mapakeji ese anoshandiswa pakugadzira sodium cyanide yakasimba anofanira kuongororwa zvakasimba. Izvi zvinosanganisira bvunzo dzekudonha kwemvura kuti zviite sekunge yadonha netsaona panguva yekufambisa, bvunzo dze stack kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti pakeji inogona kutsigira huremu hwemamwe mapakeji akaiswa pamusoro, uye bvunzo dzekudonha kwemvura kuti zvionekwe kuti hapana maburi anogona kubuda ne sodium cyanide. Semuenzaniso, muongororo yekudonha kwemvura, pakeji yacho inodonhedzwa kubva pakakwirira chaipo ichienda panzvimbo yakaoma, uye kana paine kukuvara kana kubuda kwemvura, pakeji yacho inokundikana muyedzo.

• Chitupa : Kana chitupa chapasa bvunzo dzinodiwa, chinofanira kusimbiswa kuti chinotevedzera mitemo yakakodzera. Chitupa ichi chinopihwa nemasangano anoongorora uye anopa chitupa anozivikanwa. Chitupa ichi chinovimbisa kuti chitupa ichi chinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza pakutakura sodium cyanide yakasimba.

3.4 Mazita ePackaging

• Mavara Eyambiro : Mapakeji ese ane sodium cyanide yakasimba anofanira kunge akanyorwa zvakajeka nemachira ekunyevera. Mavara aya anofanira kuratidza zvakajeka mazwi ekuti "CHEFU" kana "CHEFU" nemabhii makuru, akasimba. Anofanirawo kusanganisira nhamba yeUN (UN 1689) uye chiratidzo chinoratidza chepfu yechinhu ichi, senge chiratidzo chedehenya nemapfupa akachinjika.

• Mamwe Mashoko : Mazita acho anofanira kupa rumwe ruzivo rwakadai sezita remakemikari (sodium cyanide), mirairo yekupindura nekukurumidza kana pakadonha mvura kana kudururwa, uye ruzivo rwekutaurirana nemutengesi kana mugadziri kana paine mibvunzo kana zvinonetsa.

4. Kutevedzera Mitemo

• Mitemo Yepasi Pose : Mukufambisa kwenyika dzese, kutevedzera mitemo yakaita seInternational Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code uye United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods zvinosungirwa. Mitemo iyi inoita kuti sodium cyanide yakasimba ifambiswe zvakachengeteka kuburikidza nemiganhu yenyika. Semuenzaniso, IMDG Code inopa nhungamiro dzakadzama dzekurongedza, kunyora mazita, uye kuchengeta zvinhu zvine njodzi mungarava.

• Mitemo Yenyika : Nyika yega yega inogonawo kuva nemitemo yayo yenyika maererano nekubata, kuchengetedza, uye kutakurwa kwe sodium cyanide yakasimba. Semuenzaniso, muUnited States, Dhipatimendi reKutakura (DOT) rine mitemo yakatarwa pasi peCode of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 49. Vanotakura zvinhu nevanochengeta zvinhu vanofanira kuziva uye kutevedzera mitemo yepasi rose neyenyika kuti vadzivise matambudziko emutemo uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti chinhu ichi chine chepfu chinobatwa zvakachengeteka.

5. Mhedziso

Solid sodium cyanide's yakanyanyisa chepfu inoita chiziviso chakakodzera sechinhu chine ngozi uye kutevedzera kwakasimba kurongedza zvinodiwa zvekunyanya kukosha. Kubva pakurongwa kwayo seKirasi 6.1 zvinhu zvine chepfu ine nhamba yeUN 1689 kune dzakasiyana siyana dzakatenderwa kurongedza mhando uye dzakabatana bvunzo uye kunyoreswa zvinodiwa, ese maficha akagadzirirwa kudzikisa njodzi yekufumurwa uye inogona kukuvadza hutano hwevanhu nenharaunda. Mapato ese ane chekuita mukugadzira, kutakura, uye kuchengetedza yakasimba sodium cyanide anofanirwa kuve neruzivo rwakakwana uye achienderana nemirairo yakakodzera kuve nechokwadi chekubata kwakachengeteka kwechinhu ichi chine njodzi.