Boithuto ba Teko ka Mekhoa ea Kalafo ea Mokelikeli oa Cyanide-Mafutsana Moepong oa Khauta

Selelekela

Indastering ea merafo ea khauta, kalafo ea mokelikeli o fokolang oa cyanide e bohlokoa haholo. Mokelikeli o fokolang oa cyanide, joalo ka tharollo kamora ho ntšoa ha khauta ts'ebetsong ea cyanidation, o na le litšila tse fapaneng, haholo-holo metsoako ea cyanide, e ka bakang tšilafalo e kholo ea tikoloho haeba e sa phekoloe hantle. Ka hona, ho nts'etsapele mekhoa ea kalafo e sebetsang hantle le e theko e tlase bakeng sa mokelikeli o fokolang oa cyanide ke mosebetsi o potlakileng. Sengoliloeng sena sa blog se shebane le thuto ea liteko ea mekhoa ea kalafo bakeng sa mokelikeli o fokolang oa cyanide morafong o itseng oa Khauta , e ikemiselitseng ho fana ka temohisiso le litšupiso tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa indasteri.

Kakaretso ea Mekhoa ea Phekolo ea Mokelikeli oa Cyanide-Mafutsana

Ka kakaretso, mekhoa ea kalafo ea mokelikeli o futsanehileng oa cyanide e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e 'meli: mekhoa ea tlhoekiso le mekhoa ea ho hlaphoheloa (ho nchafatsa).

Mekhoa ea ho Hloekisa

1.Alkali-Chlorine Oxidation Method

• Mokhoa ona o se o holile haholo oa ho senya li-cyanide metsing a litšila 'me o sebelisoa haholo limela tsa electroplating, limela tsa ho pheha, le limela tsa ho qhibilihisa khauta. Tlas'a boemo ba pH 11 - 12. Li-cyanide le li-ion tse rarahaneng tsa tšepe metsing a litšila a nang le cyanide li oxidized ho ba li-cyanate, ebe chlorine e eketsoa ka lekhetlo la bobeli ho li oxidized ho ba Carbon dioxide, naetrojene, jj.

• Melemo : Ts'ebetso ena e se e hōlile haholo, e na le litlamorao tse ntle tsa kalafo le ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng. Ts'ebetso ea kalafo e ka etsoa ka boiketsetso habonolo.

• Mathata : Li-cyanide li ke ke tsa sebelisoa hape, litšenyehelo tsa kalafo li holimo, 'me li ke ke tsa tlosa metsoako ea tšepe-cyanide. Hape ho na le bothata ba tšilafalo ea bobeli.

2.Sulfur Dioxide - Mokhoa oa Oxidation oa Moea

• Ka setsing se tsositsoeng, mokelikeli oa litšila o eketsoa, ​​​​'me moea le SO₂ (mokelikeli kapa khase, kapa tharollo ea sulfite, kapa e fumanoang ka ho chesa sebabole sa motheo) li hlahisoa. PH e laoloa ho 7 - 10. 'me kalaka e sebelisoa ho fokotsa asiti e hlahisoang nakong ea karabelo ea oxidation. Karabelo e hloka ho ba teng ha koporo e qhibilihang (e le ntho e thusang).

• Mokhoa oa Inco - SO₂/air oxidation o ka senya li-cyanide tsohle, ho kenyelletsa le iron-cyanides, le iron-cyanides e ka ba pula le ho tlosoa ho sebelisoa li-reagents tse sireletsehileng le tse theko e tlaase.

3.Hydrogen Peroxide Mokhoa

• Ts'ebetso ena e loketse ho phekola metsi a litšila a nang le cyanide e tlase. Hyrogen peroxide e ka oxidize cyanide ka mehatla hore e be e fokolang le e bonolo ea hydrolyzed cynic acid (HCNO), e ntan'o tlosoa ke ho feta oxidation le hydrolysis.

4.Ozone Oxidation Mokhoa

• Ozone ke ntho e matla ea oxidizing. Ha e sebelisoa ho phekola metsi a litšila a nang le cyanide, a phethehile ho feta mokhoa oa alkali-chlorine oxidation, ka liphello tse molemo tsa ho tlosa cyanide. Kamora ozonation, oksijene e qhibilihisitsoeng ka har'a tharollo ea metsi a litšila ea eketseha, e ka khutlisetsoang tsamaisong ea cyanidation bakeng sa ho sebelisoa hape, ho nolofaletsa ho qhibiliha ha khauta le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho tsoa ha khauta.

• Melemo : Ts'ebetso e bonolo ebile e bonolo, e bonolo ho e laola, 'me tekanyo ea tlhahiso ea othomathike e phahame. Ozone e ka hlahisoa sebakeng seo, e leng ea bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa limela tsa cyanidation tse nang le lipalangoang tse sa thabiseng empa li fana ka motlakase o lekaneng. Bokhoni ba ho hloekisa bo holimo, 'me ha ho na tšilafalo ea bobeli e hlahisoang.

• Mathata : Tšebeliso ea matla bakeng sa ho hlahisa ozone e kholo, 'me litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso li holimo, e leng se fokotsang ts'ebeliso ea eona ka bophara.

5.Electrolytic Oxidation Method

• Pele ho electrolysis, fetola pele pH ea mokelikeli o futsanehileng oa cyanide ho> 7. eketsa letsoai le lenyenyane, sebelisa graphite e le anode le titanium poleiti e le cathode, 'me sebelisa alkaline koporo - zinki aqueous tharollo e le electrolyte. Ha motlakase o tobileng o feta, koporo ea tšepe le zinki li hlahisoa ka har'a cathode, 'me haedrojene e boetse e hlahisoa. Ho anode, CN⁻ e kenngoa ka oxidized ho CNO⁻, CO₂, N₂, 'me Cl⁻ e kenngoa ho Cl₂,' me Cl₂ e kenya tharollo ho hlahisa HClO.

6.Mokhoa oa Oxidation oa Microbial

• Mokhoa ona o sebelisa lik'hemik'hale tsa likokoana-hloko ho bola li-cyanide, thiocyanate le iron-cyanide, 'me o hlahisa ammonia, carbon dioxide le sulfate, kapa hydrolyzing cyanide hore e be formamide. Ka nako e ts'oanang, libaktheria li adsorb li-ion tsa tšepe tse boima, li etsa hore li oe le biofilm ebe li tlosoa.

• Tšobotsi ea Bohlokoa : Mocheso o hloka ho bolokoa o le kaholimo ho 10℃ ka linako tsohle ho boloka sekhahla se loketseng sa ho tlosoa ha cyanide.

Mekhoa ea ho tsosolosa (Ho tsosolosa).

1.Mokhoa oa Acidification

• Molao-motheo o ka sehloohong oa mokhoa ona ke ho eketsa sulfuric acid metsing a litšila a nang le cyanide, ho fetola pH ho hoo e ka bang 1.5. ebe o fetolela CN⁻ ho HCN. Khase e phonyohileng ea HCN e kenngoa ka har'a mohatelli 'me e monngoa ke motsoako oa alkaline (sodium hydroxide kapa calcium hydroxide solution) ho fumana motsoako oa 20% - 30% oa cyanide, o ka sebelisoang hape.

• Melemo : Ts'ebetso ena e ka eketsa ho hlaphoheloa ha li-cyanide, ea ntlafatsa sekhahla se sebetsang sa tšebeliso ea li-cyanide, le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso.

• Mathata : Litšenyehelo tsa matsete a hang feela li kholo, phallo ea ts'ebetso e rarahane, 'me ho thata hore mokelikeli o setseng o nang le cyanide o phekotsoeng o fihlelle maemo a ho ntša metsi.

Mokhoa oa 2.Ion Exchange

• Ha ho phekoloa mokelikeli o futsanehileng oa cyanide, li-resin tsa phapanyetsano ea ion li ka sebelisoa ho matlafatsa li-cyanide.

3.Adsorption Mokhoa

• Ho Monya Khabone e Kentsweng Mosebetsing : Ho monya Khabone e Kentsweng Mosebetsing ho itshetlehile haholo-holo ka masoba a yona a mangata a ka hare le sebaka se seholo se ikgethang sa bokahodimo. Tshebetso ya ho monya e kenyeletsa ho monya ha mmele le ho monya ha dikhemikhale. Ho tloswa ha cyanide haholo-holo ho na le ditsela tse tharo: ho oxidation, hydrolysis, le ho hlobola. Tshebetso e ka sehloohong ke karabelo ya ho bola ha oxidative ya cyanides metsing a ditshila a nang le cyanide ka hydrogen peroxide hodima bokahodimo ba khabone e kentsweng tshebetsong.

4.Solvent Extraction Method

• Litlhapi li sebelisoa ho ntša metsoako ea bohlokoa le li-cyanide mokelikeli o futsanehileng oa cyanide.

5.Mokelikeli Membrane Mokhoa

• Ha ho phekoloa metsi a futsanehileng a cyanide, tsamaiso ea oli - ka - metsi e sebelisoa haholo-holo. Molao-motheo oa mantlha ke: ea pele, acidify metsi a litšila a nang le cyanide ho fetolela li-ion tsa cyanide tse ho eona hore e be HCN. HCN e feta ka har'a lera la mokelikeli oa oli-mohato ho ea karolong e ka hare ea metsi ebe e kopana le NaOH ho hlahisa NaCN.

6.Electrodialysis Mokgwa

• Mokhoa ona o sebelisa sebaka sa motlakase ho tsamaisa phallo ea li-ion ka li-membrane tsa ion ho fihlela karohano le ho hlaphoheloa ha lintho.

Thuto ea Teko ka Mokelikeli o Mobe oa Moepo oa Khauta oa Cyanide

Semelo sa Teko

Mokelikeli o futsanehileng oa cyanide oa morafo o itseng oa khauta o na le kakaretso e phahameng haholo ea cyanide, e fihlang ho 13000mg/L. Cyanide e phahameng joalo - e nang le metsi a litšila e baka tšokelo e kholo tikolohong mme e hloka kalafo e sebetsang.

Mekhoa ea Teko

1.H₂O₂ + CloO₂ + C Adsorption Mokhoa

• Ka mokhoa ona, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) le chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) li sebelisoa pele e le li-oxidants ho oxidize cyanides ka cyanide - mokelikeli o fokolang. Ka mor'a moo, adsorption e entsoeng ka carbon (C) e etsoa ho tsoela pele ho tlosa litšila tse setseng.

2.Three - Stage Oxidation (H₂O₂ + Catalyst “M”) + Chlorination Aeration + C Adsorption Method

• Ho Oxidation ea Mehato e Meraro : Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) le catalyst e itseng "M" li sebelisoa bakeng sa ho oxidation ea mekhahlelo e meraro. Sena ke ho netefatsa ho oxidation e tebileng haholoanyane ea metsoako e fapaneng ea cyanide, ho kenyeletsoa le cyanides e rarahaneng.

• Ho Kena ha Chlorine : Kamora ho kenwa ha chlorine ka mekhahlelo e meraro, ho kenwa ha chlorine hoa etsoa. ​​Chlorine e kenngwa ka hara mokelikeli ha e ntse e kenwa ke moya, e leng se ka eketsang ho kenwa ha cyanide e setseng le ditshila tse ding tse ka fokotswang.

• C Ho monya : Qetellong, ho monya khabone e kentsweng tshebetsong ho sebediswa ho monya ditshila tse setseng tse nang le matheba a manyane le dintho tse setseng tse amanang le cyanide ho fihlella sepheo sa ho hlwekisa cyanide - mokelikeli o fokolang.

Liphetho tsa Teko le Papiso

1.H₂O₂ + CloO₂ + C Adsorption Mokhoa

• Mokhoa ona o fihletse tekanyo e itseng ea ho tlosoa ha cyanide, empa kakaretso ea ho qetela ea cyanide mokelikeli o hloekisitsoeng e ne e ntse e le holimo, e hlōleha ho finyella litekanyetso tse tiileng tsa naha.

2.Three - Stage Oxidation (H₂O₂ + Catalyst “M”) + Chlorination Aeration + C Adsorption Method

• Mokhoa ona o bontšitse litholoana tse khotsofatsang haholoanyane. Likahare tsa ho qetela tsa cyanide li fokotsehile ho 0.44mg / L, tse finyellang litekanyetso tsa naha tsa ho tsoa. Ho feta moo, litaba tsa tšepe tse ling tse boima le tsona li ile tsa kopana le litlhoko tsa maemo a naha tse amehang.

• Litšenyehelo - Katleho : Mabapi le litšenyehelo, leha ts'ebetso ea oxidation ea mekhahlelo e meraro e nang le catalyst le moea o eketsehileng oa chlorination e hloka ts'ebetso e rarahaneng haholoanyane le ts'ebeliso ea li-catalyst tse itseng le chlorine, ka kakaretso, ha e bapisoa le mekhoa e meng e rarahaneng haholo kapa e theko e phahameng, litšenyehelo lia utloahala. E ka phekola cyanide e nang le mahloriso a mangata ka katleho ha e ntse e laola litšenyehelo ka har'a sebaka se amohelehang.

fihlela qeto e

Phekolo ea cyanide - mokelikeli o fokolang merafong ea khauta ke mosebetsi o rarahaneng empa o bohlokoa. Ka boithuto ba liteko ka cyanide - mokelikeli o fokolang oa morafo o itseng oa khauta, ho ka bonoa hore mekhoa e fapaneng ea kalafo e na le melemo le bofokoli ba eona. The three- stage oxidation (H₂O₂ + catalyst “M”) + chlorination aeration + C adsorption method e bonts’a litlamorao tse batlang li nepahetse tsa kalafo le litšenyehelo - katleho bakeng sa cyanide - mokelikeli o fokolang o nang le kakaretso e phahameng ea cyanide morafong ona oa khauta. Leha ho le joalo, liphuputso tse tsoelang pele le ntlafatso li ntse li hlokahala nakong e tlang ho hlahisa mekhoa ea phekolo e sebetsang hantle, e theko e tlaase, le e baballang tikoloho ho finyella litlhoko tsa tšireletso ea tikoloho le tsoelo-pele e tsitsitseng indastering ea merafo ea khauta.