Karolo ea Sodium Cyanide ho Khatiso ea Textile le ho daea

Selelekela

Sodium cyanide (NaCN), motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale o nang le boima ba limolek'hule ba 49.007 g/mol, ke kristale e tšoeu e tiileng. E chefo haholo 'me e hloka ho tšoaroa ka hloko haholo. Ho sa tsotellehe chefo ea eona, sodium cyanide e bapala likarolo tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa indastering ea khatiso le dae ea masela . Sengoloa sena se tla hlahloba mesebetsi ena ka botlalo, hammoho le lintlha tse mabapi le tšebeliso ea eona.

Mesebetsi ho Khatiso ea Textile le ho Daea

1. Mordant ka Mekhoa ea ho daea

Ha ho dauoa lesela, mordant ke ntho e sebediswang ho thusa didae ho kgomarela lesela. Sodium cyanide e ka sebetsa e le mordant ditsamaisong tse itseng tsa ho daea. E etsa di-complexes tse nang le di-ion tsa tshepe tse teng didaeng tse ding le difaebeng tsa masela. Mohlala, tabeng ya didae tsa tlhaho tse nang le di-chromophores tsa tshepe (karolo ya molek'hule e ikarabellang bakeng sa mmala), Sodium Cyanide e ka ntlafatsa ho tlamahana pakeng tsa dae le faeba. Lebaka ke hobane ion ya cyanide (CN⁻) e na le kamano e matla bakeng sa di-ion tsa tshepe. E ka theha di-complexes tsa kgokagano, tse qetellang di koala sekgeo pakeng tsa dae le lesela, e leng se fellang ka ho daiwa ka ho tiea le ho tshwarella ha mmala.

2. Synthesis ea Textile Fibers

Hoo e ka bang likhoele tsohle tsa maiketsetso tse sebelisoang indastering ea masela li itšetlehile ka Sodium cyanide nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tsona ea tlhahiso. Mohlala, tlhahisong ea nylon, e 'ngoe ea likhoele tsa maiketsetso tse tloaelehileng haholo, sodium cyanide e sebelisoa tlhahisong ea adiponitrile, e leng karolo ea bohlokoa. Tsela ea karabelo e kenyelletsa tšebeliso ea sodium cyanide ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa nitrile. Tabeng ea likhoele tsa polyester, leha ts'ebetso e le thata haholo 'me hangata e kenyelletsa liketso tse fapaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale ha li bapisoa le nylon, sodium cyanide e ntse e ka ameha tlhahisong ea tse ling tsa thepa ea ho qala kapa lits'ebetsong tse itseng tsa catalytic. Likhoele tsena tsa maiketsetso li sebelisoa haholo indastering ea masela ka lebaka la thepa ea tsona e lakatsehang joalo ka matla, ho tšoarella, le ho hanyetsa matheba, 'me sodium cyanide e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa tlhahisong ea tsona.

3. Tlhahiso ea Dye

Sodium cyanide e sebelisoa ha ho etsoa lidae tse fapaneng tse sebelisoang ho hatisa masela le ho daea. E sebetsa e le lisebelisoa tse tala ha ho etsoa mefuta e itseng ea lidae, haholo-holo tse nang le lik'hemik'hale tse rarahaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale. Mohlala, ha ho etsoa lidae tse ling tse sebetsang, tse sebelisoang haholo ho daea likhoele tsa cellulosic joalo ka k'hothone, sodium cyanide e kanna ea ameha molemong oa ho kopanya mehato e mengata. Lidae tse sebetsang li theha maqhama a kopaneng le limolek'hule tsa fiber nakong ea ho daea, e leng se fanang ka 'mala o motle haholo. The cyanide-e nang le metsoako e ka sebelisoa ho haha ​​​​lihlopha tse sebetsang ka har'a molek'hule ea dae tse ikarabellang bakeng sa ho thehoa ha selekane sena.

Litlhokomelo tsa Polokeho le Tikoloho

Ka lebaka la tlhaho ea eona e chefo haholo, tšebeliso ea sodium cyanide indastering ea masela e tlameha ho laoloa ka thata. Ho hema, ho tšoara letlalo, kapa ho ja esita le tekanyo e nyenyane ea sodium cyanide ho ka bolaea batho. E ka etsa hore lisele li se ke tsa khona ho sebelisa oksijene, e leng se lebisang ho lefu la lisele tse potlakileng 'me qetellong, haeba tekanyo e lekaneng e kenngoa, lefu la motho ka mong.

Ho latela pono ea tikoloho, ho lahloa ka nepo ha litšila tse nang le sodium cyanide ho bohlokoa. Ha sodium cyanide e ka lokolloa metsing, e ka hydrolyze ho etsa khase ea hydrogen cyanide, eo le eona e leng chefo e feteletseng 'me e ka baka tšokelo bophelong ba metsing le tikolohong e potolohileng. Linaheng tse ngata, ho na le melao le litaelo tse thata tse laolang ho bolokoa, ho tšoaroa le ho lahloa ha sodium cyanide libakeng tsa indasteri, ho kopanyelletsa le libaka tsa khatiso tsa masela le ho daea. Melawana ena e ikemiseditse ho fokotsa kotsi ya dikotsi le tshilafatso ya tikoloho.

fihlela qeto e

Sodium cyanide, leha e na le chefo e tsebahalang, e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho hatiseng masela le ho daea, ho tloha ho nolofatseng dae - lesela le tlamang joalo ka mordant ho ba karolo ea bohlokoa ho kopanngoeng ha likhoele tsa masela le dae. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la chefo e feteletseng le likotsi tse ka bang teng tikolohong, tšebeliso ea eona e tlameha ho behoa leihlo le ho laoloa ka hloko. Ha indasteri ea masela e ntse e tsoela pele ho fetoha, ho ntse ho etsoa boiteko ba ho hlahisa mekhoa e meng le lik'hemik'hale tse ka finyellang liphello tse tšoanang ntle le likotsi tse amanang le ho sebelisa sodium cyanide.