Sodium cyanide e sebelisoa joang merafong ea khauta?

Sodium cyanide (NaCN), joalo ka setsi sa mantlha sa Khauta ea Khauta, e hlokomela phetoho ho tloha ho ore ho ea khauta ka Cyanidation mokhoa ka Meepo ea Khauta. Ts'ebetso ena e kenyelletsa ts'ebetso e rarahaneng ea lik'hemik'hale le taolo e thata ea ts'ebetso. Tse latelang ke mehato e tobileng ea tšebeliso le lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa tekheniki:

Mokhoa oa Khauta oa Cyanidation

I. Ore Pretreatment

1.Ho sila le ho sila

Ore e siloa ebe e siloa hore e be phofo e ntle (hangata e nang le boholo ba karoloana ≤ 75μm) ho eketsa sebaka sa ho kopana le Sodium cyanide Tharollo.

2.Flotation kapa Gravity Concentration

Ores ea boemo bo tlase e hloka ho ts'oaroa esale pele bakeng sa liminerale tsa khauta ka ho phaphamala kapa khoheli ho fokotsa bongata ba ore bakeng sa kalafo e latelang ea cyanidation.

II. Cyanidation Leaching Reaction

1.Leaching Conditions

• Tokisetso ea Tharollo: Khutsa sodium cyanide ka metsing ho theha tharollo e hlapollang e nang le motsoako oa 0.01% -0.1% (tekanyo e khethehileng e itšetlehile ka boemo ba ore).

• Tikoloho ea Alkaline: Kenya calcium oxide (CaO) kapa sodium hydroxide (NaOH) ho lokisa pH ho 10-11 ho thibela ho bola ha cyanide ho ba khase e chefo e matla ea hydrogen cyanide (HCN).

• Phepelo ea Oksijene: Boloka moea oa oksijene o qhibilihileng ka har'a tharollo (hangata> 5 mg/L) ka aeration kapa ho susumetsa ho tsamaisa karabelo ea oxidation.

2.Chemical Reaction

Khauta e kopana le cyanide sebakeng sa alkaline le aerobic ho etsa metsoako e qhibilihang:

4Au + 8NaCN + O₂ + 2H₂O → 4NaAu(CN)₂ (sodium aurocyanide) + 4NaOH

Boitšoaro bona bo hloka ho nka lihora tse 'maloa ho isa matsatsing a' maloa ho netefatsa hore khauta e qhibilihile ka ho feletseng.

III. Pula le ho Khutlisa Khauta

1.Zinc Replacement Mokhoa

Kenya phofo ea zinki kapa terata ea zinki tharollong ea leaching, 'me khauta e tšeloa ka karabelo e ncha:

2Au(CN)₂⁻ + Zn → 2Au↓ + Zn(CN)₄²⁻

Phofo e entsoeng ka khauta ea hlatsuoa ebe e qhibilihisoa ho fumana khauta e tala.

2.Activated Carbon Adsorption Mokhoa

Ka tharollo e 'ngoe, khabone e kentsoeng e ka khetha Au(CN)₂⁻ tharollong, ebe khauta e khutlisoa ka ho senyeha ha mocheso o phahameng.

IV. Kalafo ea Mehatla le Taolo ea Tšireletseho

1.Ho se nke lehlakore ha Cyanide

Litholoana tsa mehatla ka mor'a ho tsoa li hloka ho oxidize cyanide e setseng ka ho eketsa sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) kapa hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂):

CN⁻ + ClO⁻ + H₂O → CNO⁻ + Cl⁻ + 2OH⁻

Qetellong, fokotsa khatello ea cyanide ho ea boemong ba polokeho ea tikoloho (hangata <0.5 mg/L).

2.Closed-loop Circulation System

Amohela ts'ebetso e koetsoeng ho fokotsa ho tsoa ha tharollo ea cyanide, 'me sekhahla sa ts'ebeliso ea likhoebo tse ling se ka fihla ho feta 90%.

V. Mathata a Setsebi le Litaelo tsa ho ntlafatsa

1. Tšitiso ea Litšila

Li-ion tsa tšepe tse kang koporo le tšepe li tla ja cyanide. Phekolo ea pele (joalo ka ho halika bakeng sa desulfurization) kapa ho eketsoa ha li-inhibitors (joalo ka sodium sulfide) ho hlokahala ho fokotsa tšusumetso.

2.Phekolo ea Ores ea boemo bo tlase

Bakeng sa khauta e hasoang hantle le e kentsoeng, bioloji pre-oxidation (joalo ka bacterial leaching) kapa theknoloji ea oxidation ea khatello e amoheloa ho senya sebopeho sa liminerale le ho ntlafatsa sekhahla sa ho tsoa ha khauta.

3.Nchafatso ea Theknoloji ea Tšireletso ea Tikoloho

Theha lisebelisoa tsa ho tsoa ka cyanide tse tlase kapa tse se nang cyanide (tse kang thiosulfates), 'me u hlahlobe mekhoa e mecha ea ho hlaphoheloa e kang electrochemical deposition.

fihlela qeto e

Kopo ea Sodium cyanide meepong ea khauta ho ipapisitse le taolo e nepahetseng ea ts'ebetso le taolo e tiileng ea polokeho. Le hoja chefo ea eona e bakile likhang, katleho ea eona e phahameng le melemo ea moruo e ntse e etsa hore e be theknoloji e tloaelehileng. Nakong e tlang, ka ntlafatso ea litlhoko tsa ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, mokhoa oa cyanidation o tla nts'etsapele tumellanong le litheknoloji tse tala, ho khothaletsa phetoho ea merafo ea khauta ho ea tseleng e sireletsehileng le e tsitsitseng haholoanyane.