Karolelano ea mahloriso nakong ea tšebeliso ea sodium cyanide

Selelekela

Sodium cyanide (NaCN), motsoako o chefo haholo empa e le oa bohlokoa indastering, o sebelisoa haholo makaleng a fapaneng joalo ka Ho rafa khauta le electroplating. Taolo e nepahetseng ea tekanyo ea mahloriso nakong ea ts'ebeliso e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa hore ts'ebetso e sebetsa hantle le polokeho. Sengoliloeng sena se kenella ho Tekanyo ea ho tsepamisa maikutlo of Sodium cyanide maemong a fapaneng a tšebeliso.

Likhakanyo tsa Maemo ho Meepo ea Khauta

Cyanidation Leaching Process

1.In Stirred Tank Leaching

• Ka mokhoa o tsoileng matsoho oa leaching tanka bakeng sa ho ntšoa ha khauta, motsoako o tloaelehileng oa Sodium cyanide ka tharollo ea leaching ke ka mefuta e fapaneng ya 0.01% - 0.1% (w/v). Mohlala, merafong e mengata e meholo ea khauta, ha ho sebetsanoa le ores ea boleng bo tloaelehileng ba khauta le litšobotsi tse loketseng tsa mineralogical, sodium cyanide khatello ea maikutlo e ka bang 0.05% hangata e sebelisoa. Motsoako ona o lekane ho qhibiliha khauta ka ho etsa metsoako ea khauta e qhibilihang - cyanide ka karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale e kenyelletsang khauta, sodium cyanide, oksijene le metsi.

• Tlhokomeliso e lokela ho bolokoa ka hloko ka har'a sebaka sena. Haeba mahloriso a le tlase haholo, tekanyo ea ho tsoa ha khauta e tla fokotseha haholo, e leng se lebisang ho nako e telele ea ho tsuba le ho fokotsa litekanyetso tsa ho khutlisa khauta. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, haeba mahloriso a le holimo haholo, ha a eketse litšenyehelo feela empa hape a baka likotsi tse kholo tsa tikoloho le polokeho.

2.In Heap Leaching

• Heap leaching ke mokhoa o mong o tloahelehileng merafong ea khauta, haholo-holo bakeng sa ores ea boemo bo tlase. Motsoako oa sodium cyanide e sebelisoang ha qubu ea leaching hangata e tlase ho feta ea "stired tank leaching", hangata e ka ba 0.005% - 0.03% (w/v). Kaha ho kopana pakeng tsa ore le tharollo ea leaching ho qubu ea leaching e batla e fokola ha e bapisoa le leaching ea tanka e ts'oaretsoeng, boemo bo tlase bo lekane ho qala Leaching process. Mohlala, merafong e meng e bulehileng ea khauta moo grade ea ore e ka bang 1 - 3 g/t, sodium cyanide concentration ea hoo e ka bang 0.01% e ka sebelisoa.

• Leha ho le joalo, lintlha tse kang ho kenella ha qubu ea ore, boteng ba liminerale tse ling tse ka jang cyanide (joalo ka liminerale tse nang le koporo), le maemo a leholimo a ka ama mohopolo o nepahetseng. Libakeng tse nang le pula e ngata, tharollo ea leaching e ka hlakoloa, e hlokang phetoho e nepahetseng ea khatello ea sodium cyanide.

Likarolo tsa Tekanyo ho Electroplating

1.Ka Copper Cyanide Plating

• Libateng tsa copper cyanide electroplating, sodium cyanide e sebetsa e le ntho e rarahaneng. Motsoako oa sodium cyanide libateng tse joalo hangata o tloha ho 15 - 60 g/L. Mohlala, tšebetsong e tloaelehileng ea copper cyanide electroplating bakeng sa merero ea mokhabiso, sodium cyanide concentration e kanna ea ba 30 g/L. Khatiso ena e thusa ho theha li-complexes tse tsitsitseng tsa koporo - cyanide, tse bohlokoa bakeng sa ho beha koporo e tšoanang holim'a substrate. Copper - cyanide complex e arohana le cathode, e lumellang hore li-ion tsa koporo li fokotsehe le ho kenngoa.

• Haeba motsoako oa sodium cyanide o le tlase haholo, botsitso ba koporo - cyanide complex bo fokotsehile, bo lebisang ho behoa ho sa tšoaneng le ho futsaneha - liaparo tsa boleng. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, haeba mahloriso a le holimo haholo, a ka baka ho rarahana ho feteletseng, ho fella ka sekhahla sa deposition butle le mathata a ka bang teng ka ho khomarela koae.

2.In Gold Electroplating

• Ho electroplating ea khauta, sodium cyanide e boetse e sebelisoa ho etsa li-ion tse rarahaneng tsa khauta. Khatello ea sodium cyanide liteng tsa khauta tsa electroplating e ka fapana haholo ho latela litlhoko tse ikhethileng tsa ts'ebetso. Bakeng sa electroplating ea khauta e tšesaane, motsoako oa sodium cyanide o ka ba lipakeng tsa 5 - 20 g/L. Maemong a mang moo ho hlokahalang depositi e teteaneng ea khauta, khatello e ka fetoloa ho ea holimo, empa ka kakaretso e se ke ea feta 50 g/L.

• Khatello ea sodium cyanide ho electroplating ea khauta e ama sekhahla sa ho beoa, ho hloeka ha depositi ea khauta, le chebahalo ea lera le petelitsoeng. Ho hlokahala ho leka-lekana ho nepahetseng ho finyella sephetho se lakatsehang sa electroplating, joalo ka mokhabiso oa khauta o khanyang, o boreleli le o khomarelang.

Lintlha tse Amang Tekano ea Maemo

1.Sebopeho sa Ore kapa Substrate

• Meepong ea khauta, sebopeho sa ore se bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho lekanyeng hore na sodium cyanide e hokae. Ores e nang le koporo e phahameng, zinki, kapa litšepe tse ling tsa motheo li ka ja cyanide nakong ea ts'ebetso ea leaching. Ka mohlala, koporo e ka sebetsana le cyanide ho etsa koporo - cyanide complexes, kahoo e fokotsa palo ea cyanide ea mahala e fumanehang bakeng sa ho qhibiliha ha khauta. Maemong a joalo, ho ka 'na ha hlokahala hore ho be le sodium cyanide e lekaneng ho etsa bonnete ba hore cyanide e lekaneng bakeng sa ho ntšoa ha khauta.

• Ho electroplating, mofuta oa substrate o boetse o ama mahloriso a sodium cyanide. Litšepe tse fapaneng li na le lik'hemik'hale tse fapaneng tsa holim'a metsi, 'me likaroloana tse ling li ka hloka hore ho be le motsoako o itseng oa cyanide - e nang le bate ho finyella boleng bo botle ba ho khomarela le ho pata. Ka mohlala, ha u roala holim'a li-alloys tse itseng, ho ka 'na ha hlokahala hore ho be le sodium cyanide e ngata ho khothalletsa ho thehoa ha maqhama a tsitsitseng pakeng tsa lera la plating le substrate.

2.Process Conditions

• Mocheso le pH ke maemo a bohlokoa a ts'ebetso a susumetsang likarohano tsa mahloriso. Ho cyanidation leaching ea khauta, pH ea alkaline hanyenyane (hangata e ka bang 9 - 11) e bolokiloe ho thibela ho thehoa ha khase e chefo ea hydrogen cyanide (HCN). PH e ka ama ho arohana ha sodium cyanide le botsitso ba tšepe - cyanide complexes. Lithempereichara tse phahameng li ka eketsa sekhahla sa karabelo ho leaching ea khauta le electroplating, empa hape li ka lebisa ts'ebelisong e eketsehileng ea cyanide. Maemong a mang, mocheso o phahameng o ka hloka phokotso ea motsoako oa pele oa sodium cyanide ho qoba ho rarahana ho feteletseng kapa karabelo e feteletseng.

• Ho ba teng ha oksijene ho boetse ho ama likhakanyo tsa mahloriso, haholo-holo ho leaching ea khauta. Oksijene e ea hlokahala bakeng sa oxidation ea khauta ho theha khauta e qhibilihang - cyanide complexes. Motsoako oa oksijene e qhibilihisitsoeng ka har'a tharollo ea leaching e lokela ho ba karo-karolelano e loketseng le sodium cyanide concentration. Phepelo e sa lekaneng ea oksijene e ka fokotsa sekhahla sa ho tsoa ha oksijene, ha oksijene e ngata e ka etsa hore oxidation ea cyanide e be mefuta e sa sebetseng hantle.

Mehopolo ea Tšireletseho Mabapi le Ho Tsepamisa Maikutlo

1.Likotsi tsa Chefo

• Sodium cyanide e chefo haholo, esita le liphetoho tse nyane tsa mahloriso li ka ba le litlamorao tse kholo bakeng sa polokeho. Metsoako e phahameng ea sodium cyanide tikolohong ea tšebetso e eketsa kotsi ea ho pepesehela khase e chefo ea hydrogen cyanide, e ka lokolloang ha sodium cyanide e arabelana le asiti kapa tlas'a maemo a itseng a pH. Basebetsi ba tlameha ho ba le lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng tsa ts'ireletso, ho kenyeletsoa lisutu tse thata tsa khase, li-respirators le liatlana, ha ba sebetsana le tharollo e nang le sodium cyanide.

• Tabeng ea ho qhalana ka phoso kapa ho lutla, ho kokobela ha sodium cyanide ka har'a motsoako o qhalaneng ho lekanyetsa boholo ba kotsi e ka bang teng. Merero ea karabelo ea maemo a tšohanyetso e lokela ho ba teng, 'me mehato e loketseng ea ho se nke lehlakore kapa ea ho thibela e lokela ho nkuoa hang-hang. Ka mohlala, haeba ho tšolloa ha tharollo e phahameng ea sodium cyanide, ho ka 'na ha hlokahala palo e kholo ea ntho e fokolang (e kang motheo o matla oa ho lokisa pH le ho thibela ho thehoa ha HCN).

2.Phello ea Tikoloho

• Motsoako oa sodium cyanide metsing a litšila a tsoang lits'ebetsong tsa indasteri o laoloa ka thata. Sodium cyanide e phahameng haholo metsing a litšila e ka ba kotsi haholo ho bophelo ba metsing le tikolohong. Mekhoa e nepahetseng ea phekolo, e kang k'hemik'hale ea lik'hemik'hale (ho sebelisa mekhoa e kang alkaline chlorination process) ho fetola cyanide hore e be mefuta e fokolang ea chefo, e hlokahalang. Ho sebetsa hantle ha mekhoa ena ea kalafo ho ka angoa ke ho ba teng ha pele ha sodium cyanide metsing a litšila. Metsi a litšila a phahameng haholo a ka hloka mehato e mengata ea kalafo kapa palo e kholoanyane ea lik'hemik'hale tsa kalafo ho fihlela maemo a tikoloho.

fihlela qeto e

Likarolo tsa mahloriso tsa sodium cyanide lits'ebetsong tsa eona, haholo merafong ea khauta le electroplating, li khethoa ka hloko ho ipapisitsoe le lintlha tse ngata. Lintlha tsena li kenyelletsa mofuta oa thepa e ntseng e sebetsoa, ​​maemo a ts'ebetso, le polokeho le maikutlo a tikoloho. Taolo e nepahetseng ea mahloriso a sodium cyanide e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho fihlela ts'ebetso e nepahetseng, ho netefatsa polokeho ea basebetsi, le ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea tikoloho. Liindasteri tse sebelisang sodium cyanide li tlameha ho tsoela pele ho beha leihlo le ho lokisa likarohano tsa mahloriso ho fihlela litlhoko tsa lits'ebetso tse fapaneng le ho latela melaoana ea polokeho le tikoloho.